The document discusses various topics related to the environment including definitions of key terms like environment, built environment, and natural environment. It also covers environmental issues like climate change and greenhouse gas levels exceeding thresholds. Other sections discuss World Environment Day, types of environmental pollution and their effects, environmental degradation, ecosystems, and environmental protection efforts by governments.

1. ENVIRONMENT

2. ENVIRONMENT

3. WHAT IS ENVIRONMENT
• Environment (biophysical), the physical and biological factors along with their chemical
interactions that affect an organism
• Environment (systems), the surroundings of a physical system that may interact with the system
by exchanging mass, energy, or other properties
• Environments (series), a series of LPs, cassettes and CDs depicting natural sounds
• Built environment, constructed surroundings that provide the setting for human
activity, ranging from the large-scale civic surroundings to the personal places
• Knowledge environment, social practices, technological and physical arrangements
intended to facilitate collaborative knowledge building, decision making, inference or
discovery
• Natural environment, all living and non-living things
• Social environment, the culture that an individual lives in, and the people and institutions with
whom they interact
• Physical environment, in ecology

4. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
• Environmental issues are harmful aspects of human activity on the biophysical
environment. Environmentalism, a social andenvironmental movement that started in the
1960s, addresses environmental issues through advocacy, education and activism. current
problems faced by the environment-
• The carbon dioxide equivalent of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere has already
exceeded 400 parts per million (NOAA) (with total "long-term" GHG exceeding 455 parts per
million). (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Report) This level is considered a
tipping point. "The amount of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is already above the
threshold that can potentially cause dangerous climate change. We are already at risk...It's
not next year or next decade, it's now." Report from the UN Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA):

5. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

6. WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY
• World Environment Day ('WED') is celebrated every year on 5 June to raise global
awareness of the need to take positive environmental action. It is run by the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP).
• It was the day that United Nations Conference on the Human Environment began. The
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was from 5–16 June 1972. It was
established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972.[1] The first World Environment
Day was in 1973. World Environment Day is hosted every year by a different city with a
different theme and is commemorated with an international exposition in the week of 5 June.
World Environment Day is in spring in the Northern Hemisphereand fall in the Southern
Hemisphere.
• "Stockholm was without a doubt the landmark event in the growth of international
environmentalism", writes John McCormick in the book Reclaiming Paradise. "It was the first
occasion on which the political, social and economic problems of the global environment
were discussed at an intergovernmental forum with a view to actually taking corrective
action."
• World Environment Day is similar to Earth Day.

7. WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY

8. ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
• Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the
natural environment that cause adverse
change.[1] Pollution can take the form ofchemical
substances or energy, such as noise, heat or
light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be
either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring
contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point
source or nonpoint source pollution.
•

9. ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

10. ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

11. EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
• There are various sources of environmental pollution, such as
vehicles, industries, pesticides, deforestation, etc. These include air pollution by vehicles and
industries, water pollution by industrial waste and residential sewage, soil pollution by
dumping of garbage, radiation pollution by leakage from nuclear plants, noise pollution by
vehicles in heavily populated areas, or by supersonic air jets and heavy engineering
units.However, the most significant pollution, which is the seed of all other types of pollution, is
mental pollution. Every verbal directive an physical action is essentially preceded by thoughts
originating in the mind. A polluted mind conceives polluted thoughts, which were then
translated into polluted and contaminated words and actions. Negative influences of tin;
vices and in particular, sex lust, have led to an unprecedented rise in a global population. This
is happening despite the availability of contraceptive methods. To sustain such a
progressively multiplying population, more and more commodities are required. Besides
essential commodities, the demand for non essential commodities are on the increase, that
too merely to satisfy requirements of luxury of the populace. These cull for more and more
industries which in turn increasingly contribute In the pollution of the atmosphere, to the
ultimate detriment of humanity at huge Due to thought of hatred, jealousy, greed, ego
anger, and intolerance, etc , the life especially in megacities is plagued by
exploitation, uncertainly, insecurity, worry, anxiety, phobia and stressful mind leading

12. EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

13. ENVIRONMENTAL DEGREDATION
• Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through
depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction
of ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife. It is defined as any change or
disturbance to the environment perceived to be deleterious or undesirable.[1]
• Environmental degradation is one of the Ten Threats officially cautioned by the High
Level Threat Panel of the United Nations.
• The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction defines
environmental degradation as “The reduction of the capacity of the environment to
meet social and ecological objectives, and needs”.[2]
• Environmental degradation is of many types. When natural habitats are destroyed
or natural resources are depleted, environment is degraded.

14. ENVIRONMENTAL DEGREDATION

15. ENVIRONMENTAL DEGREDATION

16. ECOSYSTEM
• An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in
conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air,
water and mineral soil), interacting as a system.[2] These biotic and abiotic
components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy
flows.[3] As ecosystems are defined by the network of interactions among
organisms, and between organisms and their environment,[4] they can come in any
size but usually encompass specific, limited spaces[5] (although some scientists say
that the entire planet is an ecosystem).[6]
• Energy, water, nitrogen and soil minerals are other essential abiotic components of
an ecosystem. The energy that flows through ecosystems is obtained primarily from
the sun. It generally enters the system through photosynthesis, a process that also
captures carbon from the atmosphere. By feeding on plants and on one another,
animals play an important role in the movement of matter and energy through the
system. They also influence the quantity of plant and microbial biomass present. By
breaking down dead organic matter, decomposers release carbon back to the
atmosphere and facilitate nutrient cycling by converting nutrients stored in dead
biomass back to a form that can be readily used by plants and other microbes.[7]

17. ECOSYSTEM

18. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
• Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the natural environment on
individual, organizational or governmental levels, for the benefit of the natural environment and
humans. Due to the pressures of population and technology, the biophysical environment is being
degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun
placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960's, activity of
environmental movements has created awareness of the various environmental issues. There is no
agreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, and protection measures
are occasionally criticized.
• Academic institutions now offer courses, such as environmental studies, environmental
management and environmental engineering, that teach the history and methods of environment
protection. Protection of the environment is needed due to various human activities. Waste
production, air pollution, and loss of biodiversity (resulting from the introduction of invasive species
and species extinction) are some of the issues related to environmental protection.
• Environmental protection is influenced by three interwoven factors: environmental legislation, ethics
and education. Each of these factors plays its part in influencing national-level environmental
decisions and personal-level environmental values and behaviors. For environmental protection to
become a reality, it is important for societies to develop each of these areas that, together, will
inform and drive environmental decisions.

19. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF THE
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
• Legislation Year Domain Protected areas Use of other
• natural resources
• Indian Forest Act 1927 British India Developed procedures for setting up and
protection of reserved forests, protected forests, and village forests Regulation of movement and
transit of forest produce with duties on such produce. Special focus on timber
• 1st Five Year Plan 1951
• 2nd Five Year Plan 1956
• 3rd Five Year Plan 1961 Almost the same but with extra deer saving acts
• 4th Five Year Plan 1969
• Wildlife Protection Act 1972 India except J&K Formalization of national parks, wildlife
sanctuaries, conservation reserves and community reserves. Protection to habitat and wildlife within
premises of such protected areas.
• Development of National Board for Wildlife and State Boards for Wildlife for identification of future

20. END OF PPT
ENVIRONMENT
MADE BY
ABHISHEK
CLASS-IX-A
ROLL NO-22