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Environment Challenges: Climate Change Water, Energy
- 1. Environment Challenges: Climate Change Water, Energy James M. Byrne Professor of Geography Prentice Institute Affiliate University of Lethbridge
- 3. Earth: The Operators Manual
- 4. Who owns the climate problem? Los Angeles
- 5. Is it us?
- 6. The most profound danger to world peace in the coming years will stem … from the legitimate demands of the world's dispossessed ... the majority live a marginal existence in equatorial climates. Global warming … originating with the wealthy few, will affect their fragile ecologies most. Their situation will be desperate and manifestly unjust. 100 Nobel Laureates Warn Our Planet OSLO, Norway December 7, 2001
- 8. Who was borne in 1960?
- 9. Borne in 1960? Your Net GHG Emissions Recent GHG t/yr GHG Sum t/1960-2012 India 1.4 ~25 China 6 ~100 North America 25 ~800 Alberta 70 ~1500* Developed world lead in GHG emission reductions *Not the average Albertan *Not average Kainai Resident
- 10. Climate Impacts?
- 14. Australia Bureau of Meteorology
- 15. UK Storms and Flooding
- 16. Drought? • Africa, South America • Russia, Australia • Canada – Ontario, Prairies, BC • USA – Southwest, Southeast – Texas, Oklahoma, Great Plains
- 17. Hurricane Sandy
- 18. Buffalo, NY Weather in steroids! How can we solve climate change?
- 19. Nanton, Alberta, January 4, 2012 Massive southern Alberta grass fires force 3,500 to leave homes
- 20. Munich Re
- 21. Climate Change and Us - water? • Drought western North America, 2000-2004
- 22. Upper St. Mary Watershed, Glacier Park, Montana • 2000 km2 • Water supply - 300,000 ha irrigation in Canada & USA
- 23. St. Mary Spring Runoff to 2100? Simulated Spring Streamflow Trend 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041 2051 2061 2071 2081 2091 ModelledQS(millionm 3 ) Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Historical (solid is base period) Larson 2011A, 2011B Modest GHG emission cuts below business as usual
- 24. <3 3-4.99 5-6.99 7+ 1961-1990 Fire Seasonal Severity Rating: St. Mary Watershed
- 25. Impacts on Aquatic Life?
- 27. Enhanced Recovery of Oil and Gas with Hydraulic Fracturing: Environmental Concerns James M. Byrne, Ph.D. Professor and Chair, Geography University of Lethbridge
- 29. Industry • Hydraulic fracturing is a proven technological advancement which allows natural gas producers to safely recover natural gas from deep shale formations • Ground and surface water contamination • earthquake generation • Air pollution emissions • Leaking methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Science Methane leakage up to 9% of production!
- 30. Long term Pollution Concerns? • Rivers? • Groundwater? • Local air emissions? • Methane leakage?
- 31. Fossil fuel balance sheet ($billions) • Stern report $1,000 • Fossil fuel subsidies $ 600 • Annual damages $1,200 • Oil purchases $2,000 • Coal Purchases $ 500 • Natural Gas $ 500 • Health care costs $1,000 • TOTAL SAVINGS $4,800 $1900 IMF $6100 Fracking? $?,???.??
- 32. Converting Society to Electricity?
- 33. IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PLUG-IN HYBRID VEHICLES ON ELECTRIC UTILITIES AND REGIONAL U.S.POWER GRIDS Michael Kintner-Meyer Kevin Schneider Robert Pratt Pacific Northwest National Laboratory JOURNAL OF EUEC, Volume 1, 2007
- 34. Grid-Auto Integration Grid -- Grid -- Grid ++
- 35. Eliminates GHG emissions for 86% of light cars and trucks Health benefits of pollution reduction!
- 36. Mark Jacobson, Stanford University • 3.8 million large wind turbines • 90,000 solar plants • geothermal, tidal power • rooftop photovoltaic installations (Germany) • Cost effective compared to fossil fuels
- 37. Wind Speeds Archer, C. L., and M. Z. Jacobson (2005), Evaluation of global wind power, J. Geophys. Res. 110 , D12110, doi: 0.1029/2004JD005462
- 38. Solar Energy Lethbridge = Houston, Tx PHOTOVOLTAIC RESOURCE MAPS FOR CANADA Sophie Pelland, Daniel W. McKenney, Yves Poissant, Robert Morris, Kevin Lawrence, Kathy Campbell and Pia Papadopol, CANMET Energy Technology Centre- Varennes, Natural Resources Canada, 1615 Lionel-Boulet Blvd., Varennes, Québec, Canada, J3X 1S6
- 39. Agriculture, waste and energy
- 41. Summary • Fossil fuels - declining use • Climate and weather on steroids getting worse • Solutions: cut GHG emissions – Electric and hybrid automobiles – Power grid conversion to renewables • Alberta - renewable investments – Wind, solar, biomass & biogas, heat exchange – Geothermal – individual and community • Kainai Reserve has big solar, wind potential
Editor's Notes
- St. Mary Historical seasonal severity rating
- This session is primarily focused on the impacts of climate change on salmonid habitat. However, there are a number of other environmental disturbances that pose a threat to changing the thermal habitat of fresh water streams. Forest harvest etc all have some impact on watershed processes and therefore, pose a threat of altering stream temperatures. In order to understand how environmental change may alter the thermal habitat of fresh water streams, we need modelling studies.