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Enterobius-vermicularis-The-Pinworm.pptx
- 1. MANI . R BSC.MLT2ND YEAR ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS WELCOME
- 2. Enterobius vermicularis: The Pinworm Enterobius vermicularis,commonly known as the pinworm, is a parasitic roundworm that infects the human gastrointestinal tract. It's one of the most common parasitic infections world wide, primarily affecting children.
- 3. Infective Form ofEnterobius vermicularis The infective form of Enterobius vermicularis is the egg. The eggs are tiny, oval-shaped, and contain a fully developed larva. They are highly resistant to environmental factors and can survive for weeks outside the host. 1 Resistant to environment Enterobius vermicularis eggs can survive for weeks in the external environment, making them highly contagious. 2 Contaminate surfaces They can contaminate surfaces such as bedding, toys, and clothing, facilitating transmission. 3 Infection occurs through ingestion Humans become infected by accidentally ingesting these eggs, which hatch in the small intestine.
- 4. Morphology of Enterobiusvermicularis The adult female Enterobius vermicularis is about 8-13 mm long and has a slender, white, thread-like body. The male worm is much smaller, measuring only 2-5 mm in length. Female Worm Longer, slender, thread-like body. White in color. Has a pointed tail. Male Worm Much smaller than the female. Has a curved tail with a spicule. Less noticeable than the female.
- 5. Morphology of Enterobius vermicularis A.MALE B. FEMALE
- 6. Incubation Period ofEnterobius vermicularis The incubation period of Enterobius vermicularis, from ingestion of the infective egg to the emergence of adult worms, is about 2-6 weeks. This can vary depending on individual factors and the number of eggs ingested. 1 Ingestion Infective eggs are ingested. 2 Hatching Eggs hatch in the small intestine, releasing larvae. 3 Maturity Larvae mature into adult worms within the intestines.
- 7. Life Cycle ofEnterobius vermicularis The life cycle of Enterobius vermicularis involves several stages. After ingestion, the eggs hatch in the small intestine, releasing larvae that mature into adult worms. The female worms migrate to the colon and rectum, where they lay thousands of eggs. Ingestion Infective eggs are ingested. Hatching Eggs hatch in the small intestine, releasing larvae. Migration Larvae mature into adult worms and migrate to the colon and rectum. Egg Laying Female worms lay thousands of eggs around the anus at night. Transmission Eggs are spread through contaminated hands, bedding, or toys.
- 8. Pathogenesis of Enterobius vermicularis Enterobiusvermicularis infections are typically asymptomatic, but some individuals may experience mild symptoms such as itching around the anus, abdominal discomfort, or disturbed sleep due to the female worms migrating to the anus to lay eggs. Itching The most common symptom, caused by the female worms laying eggs around the anus. Abdominal Discomfort May occur due to the presence of worms in the intestines. Sleep Disturbance Caused by the itching and discomfort, particularly at night.
- 9. Clinical Features ofEnterobius vermicularis The most prominent clinical feature is intense anal itching, especially at night. This is caused by the female worms migrating to the perianal region to lay eggs. Itching can lead to scratching, which can cause secondary bacterial infections. Anal Itching The most common symptom, particularly at night. Sleep Disturbance Itching can disrupt sleep. Abdominal Discomfort May experience mild pain or discomfort. Secondary Infections Scratching can lead to bacterial infections.
- 10. Laboratory Diagnosis ofEnterobius vermicularis Diagnosis is typically made by identifying the characteristic eggs in a stool sample or by using the "tape test," where transparent tape is pressed against the perianal area to collect eggs. Method Description Stool Examination Identifying eggs in a stool sample. Tape Test Using transparent tape to collect eggs from the perianal area.
- 11. Treatment of Enterobius vermicularis Treatmentfor Enterobius vermicularis infections involves oral medications such as albendazole, mebendazole, or pyrantel pamoate. These medications kill adult worms and larvae but do not eliminate eggs. Retreatment may be necessary to eliminate any newly hatched larvae. 1 Oral Medications Albendazole, mebendazole, or pyrantel pamoate are effective in killing worms. 2 Retreatment May be necessary to eliminate newly hatched larvae. 3 Hygiene Practices Good hygiene practices are essential to prevent reinfection.
- 12. Prophylaxis of Enterobiusvermicularis Preventing Enterobius vermicularis infection involves good hygiene practices, such as frequent hand washing, especially after using the toilet and before eating, trimming fingernails, and keeping personal items like bedding and clothing clean. Handwashing Wash hands frequently, especially after using the toilet. Nail Trimming Keep fingernails trimmed to prevent egg accumulation. Bedding Cleaning Wash bedding regularly in hot water to kill eggs.
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