This document discusses sentence types and their defining elements. There are four main types of sentences: simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex. Each sentence type is defined by its use of independent and dependent clauses, conjunctions, and subordinators. Examples of each sentence type are provided and analyzed.

1. English Language
Proficiency I
Madam Dashima Bt Abdul
Wahab
Prepared by :
1. Nurain Binti Rosham
2. Nadhira Binti Abdul Karim
3. Izasyahira Binti Duasah

2. Sentence Structure :
Sentence Types

3. What is it Sentence types ?
• There are four types of sentence which are simple sentence, compound
sentence, complex sentence and compound-complex sentence.
• Each sentence is defined by the use of independent and dependent clauses,
conjunctions, and subordinators.

4. Sentence Type
Simple
sentence
SENTENCE
TYPES
Compound
sentences
Complex
sentence
Compound
-Complex
sentence

5. Basic Elements
of
Every Sentence
SUBJECT PREDICATE

6. Basic Elements
SUBJECT PREDICATE
Pocoyo takes pictures.

7. Simple Sentences
has only one main
idea
contains a subject and
a verb, but they can
also contain
compound subjects or
verbs
is an independent
clause with no
conjuction or
dependent clause
it expresses a
complete thought

8. Simple Sentence
SUBJECT PREDICATE
Pocoyo takes pictures.
one subject one predicate

9. Simple Sentence
Pocoyo and friends play hide and seek.
Compound Subject

10. Simple Sentence
take pictures and play hide and
seek.
Pocoyo and friends
Compound Subject Compound Predicate
&

11. Simple Sentence
• SIMPLE SENTENCE with compound subject
• Pocoyo and friends play hide and seek.
• SIMPLE SENTENCE with compound subject and compound predicate
• Pocoyo and friends take pictures and play hide and seek.

12. Compound Sentence
contains more than one
part that can stand alone
(independent clauses).
Independent clauses and
the main ideas are
connected by coordinator,
conjunctions, conjunctive
adverbs or a semi-colon.
has two or more idea
Except for very short
sentences, coordinators
are always preceded by a
comma

13. Compound Sentence
Use of Coordinating Conjunctions
SUBJECT PREDICATE
SUBJECT PREDICATE

14. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

15. Compound Sentence
• I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English.
• Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.
In the following compound sentences,
subjects are in yellow, verbs are in green,
and the coordinators and the commas
that precede them are in red.

16. Compound Sentence
Subject Verb
Prepositional phrase
We went to San Juan,
and most of us danced all night .
Coordinating
Conjunction
Predicate
Verb
Modifying phrase
Subject

17. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Independent

18. Compound Sentence
• CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB: AT THE
BEGINNING
• Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
• CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB: IN THE
MIDDLE
• Bob is handsome; he is, moreover, rich.
• CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB: AT THE END
• Bob is handsome; he is rich, moreover.

19. Semicolons
• “If the relation between the ideas expressed in the main clauses is very close and
obvious without a conjunction, you can separate the clauses with a semicolon” (Little,
Brown Handbook, 9th Edition, p. 361).
Example :
Matt has benefited from his exercise program; he is slim and energetic.

20. Complex Sentence
contains one independent
clause and at least one
dependent clause
The clauses in a complex
sentence are combined
with conjunctions and
subordinators
a subordinates idea adds
to or completes the
information given in the
main idea. it cannot
ussually stand alone as a
sentence
words such as why, which
or that can function as
subordinating conjuctions
and appear in front of
subordinate ideas

21. Complex Sentence
After they finished studying,
Subordinating
Conjunction Part that cannot stand alone
Subject Predicate
Juan and Maria went to the movies.

22. Complex Sentence
SUBJECT PREDICATE
even though
SUBJECT PREDICATE
Example :
Because she didn’t like cats, Hillary got a dog.

23. COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
The most common subordinating conjunctions are
"after," "although," "as," "because,"
"before," "how," "if," "once," "since,"
"than," "that," though," "till," "until,"
"when," "where," "whether,” and while."

24. Compound-Complex Sentence
• contains multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent
clause.
• These sentences will contain both conjunctions and subordinators.

25. Compound-Complex Sentence
Because she did not like cats,
Hillary got a dog,
Subject Predicate
and Sara, who loves dog, named him.
Subordinating
Conjunction
Coordinating
Conjunction
Part that cannot stand alone

26. COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE:
COMBINES BOTH TYPES
Mike is popular because he is good looking, but he is
not very happy.
Punctuate each clause
according to its rules!

27. Excersise :
1: The teacher walked into the classroom, greeted the students, and took attendance.
a. Simple
b. Compound
c. Complex
2: Juan played football while Juanita went shopping.
a. Simple
b. Compound
c. Complex
3: Juan played football, yet Juanita went shopping.
a. Simple
b. Compound
c. Complex

28. 4: Although Mexico has the better football team, it lost.
a. Simple
b. Compound
c. Complex
5: The island was filled with many winding trails, a small lake, and dangerous wild pigs.
a. Simple
b. Compound
c. Complex
6: Naoki passed the test because he studied hard and understood the material.
a. Simple
b. Compound
c. Complex
7: While Abel and Gottlieb thought their father would change after a few months, he didn't.
a. Simple
b. Compound
c. Complex

29. References
Writing Academic English, Second Edition, by Alice Oshima and Ann
Hogue. White Plains: Addison, Wesley, Longman, 1999.
The Little, Brown Handbook, by H. Ramsey Fowler and Jane E. Aaron,
Pearson, 2004.

30. Let’s Have a
Great Day!