The document provides information on English verb tenses including: - Present Simple is formed using the infinitive or -s ending. It expresses habitual actions. - Past Simple uses the past form of the verb to express completed past actions. - Present Continuous uses the present form of to be + the -ing form to express ongoing or planned future actions. - Modal verbs like can, may, must are used to express ability, permission, obligation. - The infinitive is used after adjectives and to express purpose or intention. - The passive voice is used when the subject is less important than the object, or the subject is unknown. It forms the tense then adds

1. EEnngglleesskkii jjeezziikk
PPoonnaavvlljjaannjjee
ggrraaddiivvaa……

2. PPrreesseenntt SSiimmppllee
Tvori se:
- potvrdni oblik
od infinitiva bez to
We play football.(Mi igramo nogomet.)
-u 3.licu jednine infinitivu se dodaje
nastavak –es ili –s
He plays football.(On igra nogomet.)
-ako glagol završava na –y ispred
kojeg stoji suglasnik,-y se mijenja u –i
i dodaje se –es
try-tries,cry-cries

3. -niječni oblik
do/does+not+infinitive bez –to
I don’t play football.(Ja ne igram nogomet.)
She doesn’t play football.(Ona ne igra nogomet.)
-upitni oblik
do/does+subject+infinitive bez –to
Do you play football?(Igraš li ti nogomet?)
Does she play football?(Igra li ona igra nogomet?)

4. -Upotrebljava se
-za izricanje neke uobičajne radnje
koja se ponavlja ili navike
Mary drinks milk every day.(Mary pije mlijeko svaki dan.)
-za izricanje činjenice
The sun rises in the east.(Sunce izlazi na Istoku.)
-za izricanje nečeg što je točno već
dugo vremena
David works in a factory.(David radi u tvornici.)

5. I
We
You
They school at nine o’clock every day.
starts
He
She
It
start
I
We
You
They
He
She
It
Do
Does
live in London?
wear glasses?
speak French?
When do you have breakfast?

6. PPaasstt SSiimmppllee –– pprrooššlloo zzaavvrrššeennoo
vvrriijjeemmee
Tvori se
- potvrdni oblik:
ako je glagol pravilan, dodaje se
nastavak –ed/d
Laugh-laughed,dance-danced,watch-watched
-ako je glagol nepravilan,vidi drugi
stupac tablice nepravilnih glagola
-niječni oblik:
did+not+infinitive bez –to
She did not learn it well.(Ona to nije dobro naučila.)

7. -upitni oblik
did+subject+infinitive bez –to
Did you bring bread?(Jesi li donio kruh?)
-Upotrebljava se:
-za izricanje radnje koja je počela,traje i
završila u prošlosti
Diane brought him home.(Diane ga je dovela kući.)
-za izricanje prošle radnje koja se
dogodila u neko točno utvrđeno vrijeme
u prošlosti
They came from their vacation yesterday.(Došli su s godišnjeg
odmora jučer.)

8. I
He
She
It
We
You
They
lived
visited
played
in London in 2007.
the museum on Satrday
football with friends.
Did
I
He
She
We
You
they
go to Wimbledon?
win the award?
eat the strawberrues?
Where did you stay?

9. PPrreesseenntt CCoonnttiinnuuoouuss
Tvori se:
- Potvrdni oblik:
od pomoćnog glagola to be i infinitiva
glagola (bez –to) kojemu se dodaje nastavak
–ing.
ex. I am going home.(Ja idem kući.)
- ako glagol završava na –e, taj se nastavak ispušta: Come-coming,
dance-dancing
- kada jednosložni glagoli završavaju na suglasnik,on se
udvostručava : Sit-sitting, swim-swimming

10. -niječni oblik:
to be+not+present participle
I am not sleeping.(Ja ne spavam.)
Susana is not dancing.(Suzana ne pleše.)
-upitni oblik
to be+subject+present participle
Is he going home?(Ide li on kući?)
Are you having fun?(Zabavljate li se?)

11. -Upotrebljava se:
-za izricanje radnje koja je u tijeku
The sun is shining.(Sunce sija.)
-za izricanje buduće radnje koja smo
sami isplanirali u bliskoj budućnosti
We are leaving for Paris tomorrow.(Sutra odlazimo u Pariz.)
-za izricanje radnje koja se ne događa
u ovome trenutku,ali je još u tijeku
I’m reading a good book.(Čitam jednu dobru knjigu.)

12. I
am
‘m
he
she
is
‘s
it
we
you
they
are
‘re
eating.
driving the
car.
listening to
music.
I
he
She
it
we
you
they
am not
‘m not
is not
are not
‘re not
giving her a
present.
wearing jeans.

13. PPaasstt CCoonnttiinnuuoouuss
Tvori se:
- potvrdni oblik:
od prošlog oblika pomoćnog glagola to be
(was/were) i nastavka –ing na glagol
I was dancing in the disco.(Plesala sam u diskoteci.)
-niječni oblik:
was/were+subject+present participle
Judy wasn’t reading this book.(Judy nije čitala ovu knjigu.)

14. -upitni oblik:
was/were+subject+persent participle
Was she watching TV?(Je li ona gleda TV?)
-Upotrebljava se:
-za izricanje radnje koja je trajala u
točno određeno vrijeme u prošlosti
Yesterday at 7 o’clock we were having dinner.(Jučer u 7 sati mi
smo večerali.)
-za izricanje radnje koja se trajala u
prošlosti i prekinuta je nekom drugom
prošlom radnjom
Ann was sleeping when I arrived.(Ann je spavala kada sam
došao.)

15. -za izricanje dviju radnji koje su se
istovremeno događale u prošlosi
Logan was dancing while Max was playing the violin.(Logan je
plesao,dok je Max svirao violinu.)
was
were
I
He
She
it
We
You
they
walking along the
path
living in France in
2004.
cooking dinner at 7
o’clock.

16. PPrreesseenntt PPeerrffeecctt
Tvori se:
- potvrdni oblik:
od pomoćnog glagola to have+past
participle glavnog glagola (za pravilne
glagole:infinitiv+ -ed/d,za nepravilne
glagole:|||.stupac u tablici nepravilnih
glagola)
I have lived in Zagreb for ten years.(Živim u Zagrebu deset
godina.)
I have got a cat. (Dobila sam mačku)

17. -niječni oblik:
have/has+not+past participle
I have not been to America.(Niam bila u Americi.)
They haven’t seen this film.(Nisu vidjeli ovaj film.)
-upitni oblik:
have/has+subject+past participle
Have you done your homework?(Jesi li napisao zadaću?)
Has she been to London?(Je li ona bila u Londonu?)
-Upotrebljava se:
-za radnju koja je počela u
prošlosti,još traje,a vjerojatno će
trajati i u budućnosti
I have lerned English for four years.(Učim engleski već četiri
godine.)

18. AAuuxxiillllaarryy vveerrbbss
-pomoćni glagoli
pomoćnim glagolima služimo se za
tvorbu glagolskih vremena.Oni također
mogu stajati samostalno.Pomoćni su
glagoli –to be,to do i to have. Njihovi
osnovni oblici jesu:
Pomoćni glagol Infinitiv Present tense Past tense Past participle
Be to be am,is,are was,were been
Do to do do,does did done
Have to have have,has had had

19. MMooddaallnnii ggllaaggoollii
Can
-njime se izriče
-suprotnost
-mogućnost
-uljudno pitanje
Could
-njime se izriče
-vjerovatnost
-uljudno pitanj
-sposobnost u
prošlosti
May
-njime se izriče
-dopuštenje
-mogućnost
Might
-njime se
izriče
-mogućnost
-prijedlog
Should
-njime se izriče
-očekivanj
-obaveza
Would
-njime se izriče
-radnja koja bi
bila uobičajna
u prošlosti
Must
-njime se izriče
-zabrana
-snažna obaveza

20. IInnffiinniittiivv
-U engleskom jeziku infinitiv se tvori
tako što se ispred glagola sastavlja
prijedlog –to.
-Upotrebljava se:
-iza pridjeva koji izriču osjećaje
I’m happy to see you.(Sretna sam što te vidim.)
-kao subjekt
To dance is fun.(Zabavno je plesati.)
-za izricanje želje ili namjere
I would like to learn how to dance.(Želio bih naučiti plesati.)

21. PPaassiivv--((PPaassssiivvee VVooiiccee))
- Svako aktivno glagolsko vrijeme ima svoj pasivni
oblik.
- Pasivni oblik upotrebljava se u rečenicama gdje
subjekt nije vršitelj radnje,ako je subjekt
nepoznat ili objekt važniji od subjekta.
- Objekt aktivne rečenice tada postaje subjektom
pasivne rečenice. Vršitelj radnje (subjekt) se
dodaje na kraj rečenice nakon prijedloga.

22. Simple Present
Active:Rita writes a letter.
Passive:A letter is written by Rita.
Simple Past
Active:Rita wrote a letter.
Passive:A letter was written by Rita.