simple present tense grammar material

1. What is simple present tense?
• Simple Present Tense is the tense used to
express an action or activity taking place or
happening at the present time in a simple
form, or activities performed repeatedly, or
daily habits, or acts that have nothing to do
with time.

2. Time information that can be used in the Simple
Present Tense is:
1 Everyday setiap hari
2 every week setiap minggu
3 every month setiap bulan
4 every year setiap tahun
5 every night setiap malam
6 every afternoon setiap sore
7 every minute setiap menit
8 every hour setiap jam
9 once a week satu kali seminggu
10 twice a week dua kali seminggu

3. 1.Positive form
• For I, you, we, they subject
we used :
• For he, she, it subject
we used:
Subject + infinitive
(Verb 1)
Subject + infinitive
(Verb 1) + s/es

4. Example
They visit their grandmother every Friday.
(Mereka mengunjungi neneknya setiap hari Jum'at)
She reads a magazine every morning.
(Dia membaca majalah setiap pagi)
I write a letter everyday.
(Saya menulis surat setiap hari)

5. There are several rules that must be observed
when adding s/es on a verb (infinitive), as follows:
No
Verb 1
(infinitive)
The addition of the suffix "-s" Meaning
1 read reads membaca
2 work works bekerja
3 write writes menulis
4 set sets terbenam
5 shine shines bersinar
6 sing sings menyanyi
7 bring brings membawa
8 eat eats makan
9 help helps menolong
10 give gives memberi

6. 2. Verb (infinitive) that ends in the letters "ch, o, s,
sh, x, z" the suffix is "-es"
No Verb 1 (infinitive) Penambahan akhiran “-es”
Arti kata
1 teach teaches mengajar
2 reach reaches menjangkau
3 do does mengerjakan
4 go goes pergi
5 kiss kisses mencium
6 discuss discusses mendiskusikan
7 pass passes melewati
8 wish wishes mengharapkan
9 finish finishes menyelesaikan
10 fix fixes memperbaiki

7. 3. verb (infinitive) that ends with the letter "y" and is preceded
by a consonant (consonants), then the suffix "-y" was changed to
"i" and then added "-es".
No
Verb 1
(infinitive)
Penambahan akhiran
“-es” Arti kata
1 Cry Cries Menangis
2 Carry Carries Membawa
3 Fly Flies Terbang
4 Study Studies Belajar
5 Reply Replies Menjawab
6 Try tries Berusaha

8. 4. The verb (infinitive) that ends with the letter "y"
is preceded by a vowel (vocals), plus enough with
the suffix "-s'.
No
Verb 1
(infinitive)
Penambahan
akhiran “-s” Arti kata
1 Buy Buys Membeli
2 Play Plays Bermain
3 Lay Lays Berbaring
4 Say says Berkata

9. 2. Negative Form
• For I, you, we, they subject
we used :
• For she, he, it subject
we used :
• Information :
In the form of negative verbal sentence, the
additional "s / es" to the verb does not exist.
Subject + do + not +
infinitive (Verb1)
Subject + does + not +
infinitive (Verb1)

10. Example
They do not/ don’t visit their grandmother every Friday.
(Mereka mengunjungi neneknya setiap hari Jum'at)
I do not/ don’t write a letter everyday.
(Saya tidak menulis surat setiap hari)
She does not/doesn’t read a magazine every morning.
(Dia tidak membaca majalah setiap pagi)

11. 3. Introgative Form
• For I, you, we, they subject
we used :
• For she, he, it subject
we used :
• Information :
In the form of negative verbal sentence, the additional "s /
es" to the verb does not exist
Does + Subject +
Infinitive (Verb 1) ?
Do + Subject + Infinitive
(Verb 1) ?

12. Example
• Do I write a letter everyday?
(Apakah saya menulis surat setiap hari?)
• Does She read a magazine every morning?
(Apakah dia membaca majalah setiap pagi?)
• Do they visit their grandmother every Friday?
(Apakah mereka mengunjungi neneknya setiap hari
Jum'at?)
# And the answer is yes i do or no I don’t.

13. B. Nominal Sentence
 To be (is, am, are) adjusted to the subject of the
sentence.
• - Is on the subject of He, She, It
• - Are on the subject, You, They, We
• - Am on the subject I
Subject + To be + Noun Adjective/Adverb
Information :
Non verb or not a verb (verb), can be a noun (noun),
adjectives (adjective) or an adverb.
1. Positive Form

14. Example
You are sad. ---------> Adjective
I am in the library. -----> Adverb
She is a teacher.

15. 2. Negative Form
Example :
- You are not sad. -------------> Adjective
(Kamu sedih)
- I am not in the library. -----> Adverb
(Kami ada di perpustakaan)
- She is not a teacher.
(Dia seorang guru)
Subyek + To be + not +Noun Adjective/Adverb
Information :
Negative nominal sentence is formed by adding
notes behind to be.

16. • Nancy and James are good friends .They speak
good German . Nancy works in a restaurant
downtown and James is a librarian . The
children play in the garden every weekend .
James and Nancy visit church together every
Friday.
• Yang mana saja merupakan kalimat simple
present tense?

17. 3. Introgative Form
Information :
Kalimat nominal ini dibentuk dengan to be di awal kalimat.
To be + Subyek + Noun Adjective/Adverb
Example :
Are you sad? (Apakah kamu sedih?)
Are you in the library? (Apakah kami ada di perpustakaan?)
Is she a teacher? (Apakah dia seorang guru?)