This document contains the agenda and notes for an English class. It discusses reviewing vocabulary homework and sentences, reviewing an assigned reading, and introducing the class to transitions, rhetorical modes, and the next essay assignment on obtaining resilience through adversity. The class will discuss listing, cause and effect, compare and contrast, and chronological patterns of organization. Examples are provided and the class will practice these patterns. Finally, the class will continue watching the film "Life is Beautiful" and homework is assigned for the next class.

1. English 83R
Week 7, Day 1
October 6, 2014
Elizabeth Buchanan, Assistant Professor

2. To Do
• Please give yourself points for your vocabulary homework 1-10
(on cart).
• Next, write a sentence for one of your vocabulary words on
the board. Please put your initials next to the sentence, and
make sure that only one other person has used the same
word. Please underline your vocabulary word, and draw a
circle around the context clues.
• Please put your Man’s Search homework in the red alpha
folder.
• Please pick up handouts from computer cart.

3. Agenda
• Survey
• Review Vocabulary words and sentences.
• Review Man’s Search Homework
• Introduction to Transitions/Rhetorical Modes in Reading
• Introduction to Essay #2: Obtaining Resilience through
Adversity
• “Ron Clifford” story

4. Review Vocabulary Words

5. Transition and Rhetorical
Modes in Reading &
Writing

6. Let’s talk about Transitions
• Transitions are words and phrases
that signal though patterns by
showing the logical relationships within
a sentence and between sentences.

7. Transition Words
• We all use transition words all the time – everyday - when
you have a conversation with someone.
• You might be talking at the dinner table with your family.
You start out talking about your day at school, perhaps
Essay #3 and other school related topics.
• The next thing you realize is that you are now talking about
your upcoming trip to Magic Mountain.
• How did you jump topics during your conversation?
• By using transition words

8. Transitions
• The conversation might go like this:
• Mom: How was your day at school, Juan?
• Juan: First of all , I went to my English 83R
class, took my vocab quiz, and got an A.
After class, I went to the library to start working
on my essay Next , I went to lunch with Joey,
and finally I went online to purchase tickets for
Magic Mountain .

9. Transitions
• During reading, it is important to pay special attention to
transition words.
• These special words show the relationships between
ideas within sentences and within paragraphs.
• Transitions are like signs on the road that guide
travelers.
• Transitions are also important in writing.
• In good writing, the sentences used for support are
clearly related to one another.

10. Which words fit in the blanks?
Resilient people are characterized by an ability to
experience both negative and positive emotions
even in difficult situations. ___________ they
mourn losses and endure frustrations.
______________ they also find redeeming potential
or value in most challenges. (From “The 5 Best Ways to Build
Resliency)
For example when there secondly there
however

11. Ruvolo discovered that Cushing was in the midst
of his own turmoil: _____ ____ ___ his father
had just left his mother for another woman.
______ he had serious vision problems that left
him unable to play sports or drive a car.
another first of all thirdly next
secondly

12. Rhetorical Patterns of
Organization
• Writers organize their supporting sentences and ideas in
ways called Patterns of Organization.
• Just as transitions show relationships between ideas in
sentences, patterns of organization show the relationships
between supporting details in paragraphs, essays, and
chapters.
• Patterns of organization are structures our minds use all
the time.
• All of our thinking and communicating depend on
patterns of organization .

13. Rhetorical Patterns of Thought
• We are going to learn about four patterns:
• Listing
• Cause and Effect
• Compare and Contract
• Time Order/Chronological Order

14. Listing pattern
• A list of items is a series of reasons, examples, or
other details that support an idea.
• The items have no time order, but are listed in
whatever order the author prefers.

15. Listing
Sometimes authors use
numbers (1,2,3),
letters (a, b, c)
or asterisks (*)
to show the individual items on the list.

16. Listing
• Ruvolo had many tragedies in her
life. First of all , two of her brothers
died in separate incidents when she
was a teenager. Secondly at age 35,
she miscarried a much-longed-for
child. Thirdly, in 2004 everyone bone
in her face was broken.

17. List of Items
Transition (addition) Words
One First (of all) Secondly
Thirdly To begin with For one thing
Other Another Also
In addition Next Moreover
Further Furthermore Last (of all)

18. Let’s Practice
• Choose one of the sentences below (depending on
whether you are an only child, or have siblings), and
write a paragraph that supports the main idea.
• 1. There are several advantages (or disadvantages) to
be an only child.
• 2. There are several advantages (or disadvantages) to
having siblings

19. Cause and Effect
• One thing or event causes another thing to happen.
• Cause and effect reasoning gives logical reasons that
answer why or how.
• A cause is a reason for something happening; an effect
is the result or outcome.
• Transition words: because, thus, therefore, as a result, for
this reason, to explain, consequently, hence, so, affect,
accordingly, due to, results in

20. Cause and Effect
• Narrator: It happened in the days before mail service
and telephones. A wealthy farmer took a long trip.
When he arrived home, he asked the first field hand he
saw what had happened while he was away. This is
how their conversation went:
• Field hand: Well, the dog died.
• Farmer: The dog died! How?

21. Cause and Effect
• Field Hand: The horses ran over him when they
became frightened and ran out of the barn.
• Farmer: What scared the horses? Why did they run?
• Field hand: They were running from the flames when
the barn caught on fire.

22. Cause and Effect
• Farmer: Good grief! How did the barn catch on fire?
• Field hand: Well, sir, flames jumped from the house and
caught the barn on fire.
• Farmer: From the house! Did the house burn down too?
• Field Hand: Yep, the house is gone too.

23. Cause and Effect
Farmer: How on earth did the
house burn down?
Field Hand: You see, one of the
candles around your wife’s casket
fell over and caught the house on
fire.

24. • Because the candles on the wife’s casket fell over the …
• House burned down
• Because flames jumped from the house the…
• Barn caught on fire
• Because the horses were scared they…
• Ran over the dog
Cause and Effect

25. As a
consequence
Because So then
As a result Consequently Therefore
At last Resulting in thus
Cause & Effect Transition Words

26. Cause and Effect
• Pick one of the main idea sentences below and write a
cause & effect paragraph. Your writing does not have
to be true – you can make up a story. (Be prepared to
share your paragraph.)
• Losing a job can have painful consequences in a
person’s life.
• My parents’ divorce (or the death of a loved one) had
a real impact on my life.
• There are several reasons why I am a good/poor
student.

27. Break Time – 10 minutes

28. Review Man’s Search Homework
• Count off to 1-15
• Review your answer with your partner/group. Write your
sentence/paragraph on the board.
• Make sure to include the question in your answer, along
with writing complete sentences free of grammar,
punctuation, and spelling errors.

29. Essay #3: Resilience in the
Face of Adversity

30. “Life is Beautiful”
(continue watching)

31. Assignments for Wednesday
• Reading Activity for: “The 5 Best Ways to Build
Resiliency.”
• Literature Circle #2
• PSA Step 2, Analyzing PSAs
• PSA Step 3, What is a Nonprofit Organization