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Energy Exchange 2015 Track 3 session 3: High Performance Buildings Operations
Shanti Pless from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory presented on operating the Research Support Facility, a net zero energy building, for performance and efficiency. Some key points: - The 360,000 square foot building achieved net zero energy usage in its first year of operation through on-site solar panels, a wood chip boiler, and energy efficient operations. - Occupant behavior influences 30% of energy use, so the building provides education and feedback to encourage efficient behaviors like closing windows and adjusting shades. - Continuous monitoring and fault detection helps identify issues like overridden daylighting controls or an offline solar inverter for quick repair. - The on-site datacenter improved its energy performance from a PUE
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Energy Exchange 2015 Track 3 session 3: High Performance Buildings Operations
- 1. Phoenix Convention Center• Phoenix, Arizona Session 3: Building Management and Operations for Performance and Efficiency Track 3: Energy Technologies Shanti Pless, Senior Energy Efficiency Research Engineer National Renewable Energy Laboratory August 11, 2015
- 2. Lets Review • Ihave a new net zero energy building that meets the Executive Orders – now what? – Year 3 in our own net zero operations efforts in the Research Support Facility at NREL – Real Performance for Real Buildings
- 3. Our Net ZeroEffort
- 4. NREL/DOE Research SupportFacility Location: Golden, CO Primary Use: Office Size: 360,000 ft2 Occupants: Approximately 1,325 LEED Rating: Platinum Construction Cost: $254/ft2 Energy Budget: 35 kBtu/ft2/yr Site Net Zero Energy Goal: Offices, datacenter, and parking with on-site PV and campus wood chip boiler End use metering as required in RFP
- 5. Zero Energy BuildingOperations Realities (data)
- 6. First year atNet Zero!
- 7.
- 8. Zero Energy BuildingOperations Realities (data)
- 9. Zero Energy BuildingOperations Realities (data)
- 10. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Occupant Impact Images: Dennis Schroeder, NREL Occupants influence about 30% of total energy consumption
- 11. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade RSF Performance Targets Pie Chart: Chad Lobato, NREL; Graphic: Marjorie Schott, NREL, and Stockphoto
- 14. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade
- 15. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Building Agent Graphics: Nicholas Long, NREL
- 16. 6 watt tasklight 50 fc Ambient daylight Ambient lighting with daylight sensors for 25 fc
- 19. MANAGER TRAINING NEWSLETTER MOVEMEETINGS STAFF OPEN HOUSE RSF EMAIL BOX WEB PAGE
- 22. You have switches– use them If you open a window – close it If you are stuffy – open your window If you have a glare issue – pull your shade Turn on your power strip in the morning
- 23. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Effective Visualization? What does this tell us?
- 24. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Building Agent Dashboard Graphic Design: Marjorie Schott, NREL What about this?
- 25. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade On Track Today – mostly.. (08:15 am MST 8/11/15)
- 26. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Creating Expectations 26 Upper Expectation Measured Performance Lower Expectation Expectations combine statistical and physical energy models
- 27. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Modeling Consumption Vertical Irradiance (W/m2) LPD(W/m2) Statistical Models Lighting Physical Models PV Generation Combined Models Plug Loads Henze, G.P.; Pless, S.; Petersen, A.; Long, N.; Scambos, T. (2015). “Control limits for building energy end use based on frequency analysis and quantile regression." Energy Efficiency, published online. DOI: 10.1007/s12053-015-9342-6
- 28. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Fault Detection Example: Daylighting Lighting higher than expected Lighting out of range despite full daylighting potential Root Cause: Daylighting controls overridden during repair of ballast and fixtures; controls weren’t reset 6-Nov-20136-Nov-2013
- 29. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Fault Detection Example: Lighting Controls Lighting load is too high in evening hours (6–10 PM) Response: Reduce auto-off delays; staff outreach; lessons learned for future lighting system design Multiple Causes: Cleaning staff, individuals working late 1-Jan-2014 5-Apr-2014
- 30. Is it OFF? Credit:Jennifer Scheib/NREL
- 31. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Fault Detection Example: Air Handler Solution: Installation of new evaporative cooling unit to meet local demand, enabling the AHU to turn off at night Problem: Large AHU on all night: manually overridden to provide air and cooling to a few night shift security employees 16-Aug-2013 7-Oct-2013
- 32. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade Fault Detection Example: PV Inverter Offline PV output too low. Why? Time series suggests inverter outage; offline inverter confirmed via vendor web portal and repair dispatched 20-Mar-2015 20-Mar-2015
- 33. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade33 Production Tracking
- 34. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade • Have run 1.15 - 1.35 PUE • Fully containing hot aisle difficult • Custom aisle floor and door seals • Ensure equipment designed for hot aisle containment • 100 kW datacenter load in 2010 • 141 kW January 2015 • Decommissioned older servers • Ensured highest efficiency possible power supplies • Continued consolidation • 123 kW June 2015 Can a Datacenter Use Less Energy Over Time? NREL/PIX17897 Credit:MarjorieSchott/NREL
- 35. Energy Exchange: FederalSustainability for the Next Decade • Fix PV faults as soon as they are found – 12% improvements possible • Continued datacenter metric tracking – 1.15 PUE and total 120 kW goals • Lighting controls commissioning – Occupancy sensors, daylighting set points • Wood chip boiler controls improvements – Over 50% natural gas savings planned • Additional PV planned • More thin clients All while trying to fit in another 100 occupants… 35 Plan to return to net positive
- 36. High Performance BuildingOperators Owners/Operators Jim Dewey, City of Santa Barbara John Elliott, UC Merced Matt Ellis, Army Jake Gedvilas, NREL Rodney Martin, NASA Scott Poll, NASA Len Pettis, California State University Kevin Rodgers, University of Chicago Jason Sielcken, GSA Darrell Smith, Microsoft Scott Williams, Target Designers and Energy Consultants Porus Antia, Stantec Matt Ganser, Carbon Lighthouse Rob Peña, University of Washington and the Integrated Design Laboratory Zack Rogers, Daylighting Innovations Phil Saieg, McKinstry
- 37. Resources • General HPBoperations process linked by project phase • Present a storyline for all HPB operations key actions (above and beyond current practice) • Unique sections for topics that create a base recipe that can be used by all HPB owners and building types • Examples of unique lessons given to generate motivation and confidence to take action • Setting and requiring energy targets • Procuring an EIS • Procuring MELs • Datacenters • Occupancy and occupant feedback • Closing the loop with action plans https://buildingdata.energy.gov/cbrd/resource/1913
- 38. Preparing for HPBOperations
- 39. Thanks and Questions •Shanti Pless • Shanti.pless@nrel.gov • www.nrel.gov/rsf 39