This document defines different types of energy and energy sources. It discusses renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass and municipal solid waste. It also discusses non-renewable energy sources like coal, petroleum, natural gas and nuclear energy. It describes how these sources are extracted, transported, transformed and used. It also discusses some environmental impacts of using non-renewable energy sources like climate change, air pollution, water pollution and nuclear waste.

1. ENERGY
E NE R GY
GUILLERMO RUIZ ALONSO
ISABEL ALI MESA 2ºA

2. I NDE
X
E n e r g y d e f in it io n
Ty pe s o f e n e r g y
Ene r g y s our c e s
R e n e wa b l e a n d n o n -
r e n e wa b l e e n e r g y
s our c es .
E n v ir io me n t a l imp a c t
E n e r g y p o we r s t a t io n s

3. ENERGY
Energy is the capacity of an object
of doing a work.
Energy exists in several forms.

4. T Y P E S OF E NE R GY
Mechanical energy: Two types:
Kinetic energy-when they're in motion is
the energy that objects has.
Potential energy-when they're moved from
their stable position of equilibrium is the
energy that objects has.
Electrical energy: when they're connected
to a supply of electricity it makes power
machines work.

5. T Y P E S OF E NE R GY
Electromagnetic energy: Electromagnetic waves
transport this type of energy. Luminous energy
is a type of these energy that is generated by
artificial lights and the sun.
Sound energy:Vibrations transmit sound waves.
Chemical energy: Energy that is available for
absorbing or releasing in chemical reactions.
Nuclear energy: It can be released in nuclear
reactions.
Thermal energy: It is the energy generated and
measured by heat.

6. ENERGY SOURCES
Energy sources:
They are sources from which energy is obtained
to provide light, power and heat.
Clasification:
RENEWABLE
NO RENEWABLE

7. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
CHARACTERISTICS:
They come from limited natural resources.
They will end by running out.
Regeneration (a very slow process because it
takes a lot of years).

8. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
The main sources of energy used at the moment
are:
Nuclear energy.
Energy from fossil fuels.

9. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
1. NUCLEAR ENERGY.
PRODUCTION: Produced from the nuclear
reaction of certain atoms in which the energy is
stored in the nuclei of atoms.
Nuclear fusion. Two light nuclei join to form a heavier
nucleus (solar energy)
Nuclear fission. Its the opposite of nuclear fusion in
which a heavy nuclei is split into two lighter nuclei
by bombarding it with neutrons.

10. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
1. NUCLEAR ENERGY
TRANSFORMATION: Thermal energy is released by
the reaction heats water and it is converted into steam
under high preassure, the which moves the turbines of
a generator to produce electrical energy.

11. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
2. COAL:
Formed by the remains of plants that were
buried and transformed (fossilised) in the
abscense of oxygen 300 million years ago.
It is classified into several types depending
on the amount of carbon it contains.

12. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
2. COAL
EXTRACTION:
EXTRACTION
Open-cast mines (when the coal is close to the
surface, soil is removed to expose it).
Underground mines ( when the mineral is buried deep
below the surface, it must be mined underground).

13. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
2. COAL
TRANSPORT:
In the mine (carts).
By sea.
By land.
By roads.

14. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
2. COAL
USES
For energy
To generate electricity
For central heating system
For street lighting (in the past)
As a domestic fuel (in the past)
For other uses
In the steal industres (coke)
Making roads, plastics (pitch and tar)

15. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
3. PETROLEUM
Its a liquid substance with a lower
density than water.

16. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
3. PETROLEUM
EXTRACTION: petroleum is usually deep
underground.
1. Oil rig at sea
2. Pumps
3. Purification

17. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
3. PETROLEUM
STORAGE AND TRANSPORT

18. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
3. PETROLEUM
TRASFORMATION AND USES
Fractional distillation is a process carried out in
refineries
Methane
EXAMPLE

19. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
4 NATURAL GAS
Mixture of gases formed from decomposed plants
and animals
It is expesive to
extract
It is often found along with petroleum deposits
Extracted by drilling Trasported by gas
pipelines
To a liquefaction plant

20. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
4 NATURAL GAS
USES: Industry and homes
WORLD RESERVES OF FOSSIL FUELS
ALMOST 80% OF THE WORLD

21. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGIES
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
CO2 (CARBON DIOXIDE is realesed when we
burn fossil fuels)

22. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGIES
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Itis ar in ora ot for ofprecipit t t tis unusual a
a ny her m aion ha ly cidic.

23. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGIES
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
When petroleum is accidently released into the sea

24. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGIES
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
NUCLEAR WASTE must be
stored in extremely safe conditions

25. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGIES
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
RISING WATER TEMPERATURE
THIS HAS A NEGATIVE EFFECT ON
ANIMALS AND PLANTS

26. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGIES
AND THE ENVIRONMENT
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION
ROAD TRAFFIC AND
INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY EMIT
PARTICLES IN SUSPENSION,
HEAVY METALS AND GASES
INTO THE ATMOSPHERE

27. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
HYDRAULIC ENERGY
DAM TO STORE RIVER
WATER

28. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
HYDRAULIC ENERGY
Hydraulic energy is used to produce electricity in hydrolectric power
station. They need two things:

29. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
HYDRAULIC ENERGY
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
It's cheap Building requires a lot
of money.
It's clean
Reservoirs can cover
It's non- polluting productive lands
and also destoy
villages and
landscapes affecting
the animals and
plants living on it.

30. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
Is produced by thermonuclear radiation from
SOLAR ENERGY inside the sun in various ways
Hot water Solar panels Heliostat

31. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
SOLAR ENERGY
ADVANTAGES DISAVANTAGES
It's clean Depends of the
Big power stations season
are not needed Expensive
It's unlimited

32. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
WIND ENERGY.
-Production and transformation:
Its produced by the effects of radiation on the atmosphere.
-Advantages:
Its unlimited, and non-polluting.
The cost is low.
-Disadvantages:
Its variable.
Its a hazard for birds.
produces noise pollution.

33. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
MARINE ENERGY:
There are several types:
-Tidal energy: extracted from tides.
energy
-Ocean thermal energy: Its produced by the differences in
energy
temperature.
-Wave energy: Obtained from the movement of sea waves.
energy

34. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY.
ENERGY
It comes from the heat stored in the earth's crust.
-Geysers.
-Volcanic eruptions.

35. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
BIOMASS.
It is produced from the remains of plants, forest...
-It produce fuel into electricity.

36. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE. (MSW).
- It is generated in cities.
-Electrical and thermal energy can be generated.

37. ENERGY POWER STATION
An energy power station consists of an industrial facility for the
production of electrical power.

38. WIND TURBINES
A wind turbine is an object that transform kinetic energy
from the wind into mechanical energy, this process is
known as wind power.
Wind turbines have long produced renewable energy but
a French engineering firm has discovered another eco-
purpose for the towering structures.