Emergency drugs
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This document summarizes several emergency drugs including their trade names, chemical classes, functional classes, and mechanisms of action. Epinephrine increases heart rate and blood pressure through effects on the sympathetic nervous system. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, decreasing blood pressure and edema. Sodium bicarbonate breaks down into ions that increase bicarbonate levels and neutralize gastric acid. Dopamine and dobutamine are catecholamines that increase cardiac output and blood pressure through effects on adrenergic receptors. Atropine blocks muscarinic receptors to reduce muscarinic effects. Hydrocortisone suppresses inflammation. Morphine depresses pain
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Adrenalin
Adrenaline is used to treat anaphylaxis, hypotension, bronchospasm, cardiac arrest, and asystole. It works by causing smooth muscle relaxation in the airways, contraction in the arterioles, and increasing contractability of cardiac muscles. Common side effects include hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, dysrhythmias, dizziness, pallor, tremor, insomnia, headache, nausea, and palpitations. When administering adrenaline, nurses must follow ten rights, monitor for adverse effects, use an inotropic infusion or syringe, and observe standard dilution procedures.
Bronchodilators
This document discusses bronchodilators, which are drugs that relax and open the airways to ease breathing. It covers the pathology of bronchospasm in asthma and different classes of bronchodilators including sympathomimetics like salbutamol and terbutaline, methylxanthine derivatives like aminophylline and theophylline, and anticholinergics like ipratropium and tiotropium. It provides dosing information for various drug formulations and delivery devices used to treat asthma such as metered dose inhalers and nebulizers.
Drugs used in CPR and Emergency.ppsx
This document discusses drugs used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergencies. It provides details on the mechanism of action, indications, contraindications, adverse reactions and considerations for over 30 different drugs including epinephrine, vasopressin, atropine, lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate, amiodarone, magnesium sulfate, defibrillation, naloxone, flumazenil, atipamezole, activated charcoal, adenosine, albuterol, alteplase, amiodarone, amyl nitrite, aspirin, atenolol, atropine sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate,
Fluid and electrolyte therapy
A presentation done at the paediatrics department, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Aminophylline drug
This document provides information about aminophylline. It begins with an introduction and outlines the key points that will be covered: mechanism of action, indications, adverse effects, contraindications, and nursing considerations. It then discusses aminophylline's classification as a xanthine and bronchodilator, routes of administration, effects of increasing cAMP and inhibiting adenosine receptors, and indications for use in asthma, COPD and apnea. Potential adverse effects involving the gastrointestinal, central nervous and renal systems and cardiovascular system are covered. The document concludes with warnings about aminophylline's narrow therapeutic window and interactions with other substances, nursing considerations regarding administration and monitoring, and advising patients.
Drug profile of dobutamine
Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine and beta-1 agonist used as a vasopressor and inotropic agent. It works by directly stimulating beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart muscle to increase contractility and cardiac output. Dobutamine has a rapid onset of action of 2 minutes when administered intravenously and a short plasma half-life of 2 minutes. It is indicated for use in cardiac failure, open heart surgery, and as an alternative to exercise in cardiac stress testing to evaluate heart function. Common adverse effects include increased heart rate, blood pressure changes, and chest pain. Dobutamine must be administered cautiously in patients with recent heart attacks or ischemia.
Metoclopramide Midication
Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that increases stomach and upper intestine movements. It is used to treat certain stomach problems, nausea, and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. Metoclopramide works by antagonizing dopamine, stimulating upper GI tract motility, and accelerating gastric emptying and intestinal transit. It is available as tablets, injections, and oral solutions. Common uses include nausea and vomiting in adults, diabetic gastroparesis, GERD, and preventing postoperative nausea. Usual dosing is 15-30mg per day divided into three doses with at least 6 hours between doses.
Drugs used in nervous system
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Adrenalin
Adrenaline is used to treat anaphylaxis, hypotension, bronchospasm, cardiac arrest, and asystole. It works by causing smooth muscle relaxation in the airways, contraction in the arterioles, and increasing contractability of cardiac muscles. Common side effects include hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, dysrhythmias, dizziness, pallor, tremor, insomnia, headache, nausea, and palpitations. When administering adrenaline, nurses must follow ten rights, monitor for adverse effects, use an inotropic infusion or syringe, and observe standard dilution procedures.
Bronchodilators
This document discusses bronchodilators, which are drugs that relax and open the airways to ease breathing. It covers the pathology of bronchospasm in asthma and different classes of bronchodilators including sympathomimetics like salbutamol and terbutaline, methylxanthine derivatives like aminophylline and theophylline, and anticholinergics like ipratropium and tiotropium. It provides dosing information for various drug formulations and delivery devices used to treat asthma such as metered dose inhalers and nebulizers.
Drugs used in CPR and Emergency.ppsx
This document discusses drugs used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergencies. It provides details on the mechanism of action, indications, contraindications, adverse reactions and considerations for over 30 different drugs including epinephrine, vasopressin, atropine, lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate, amiodarone, magnesium sulfate, defibrillation, naloxone, flumazenil, atipamezole, activated charcoal, adenosine, albuterol, alteplase, amiodarone, amyl nitrite, aspirin, atenolol, atropine sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate,
Fluid and electrolyte therapy
A presentation done at the paediatrics department, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Aminophylline drug
This document provides information about aminophylline. It begins with an introduction and outlines the key points that will be covered: mechanism of action, indications, adverse effects, contraindications, and nursing considerations. It then discusses aminophylline's classification as a xanthine and bronchodilator, routes of administration, effects of increasing cAMP and inhibiting adenosine receptors, and indications for use in asthma, COPD and apnea. Potential adverse effects involving the gastrointestinal, central nervous and renal systems and cardiovascular system are covered. The document concludes with warnings about aminophylline's narrow therapeutic window and interactions with other substances, nursing considerations regarding administration and monitoring, and advising patients.
Drug profile of dobutamine
Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine and beta-1 agonist used as a vasopressor and inotropic agent. It works by directly stimulating beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart muscle to increase contractility and cardiac output. Dobutamine has a rapid onset of action of 2 minutes when administered intravenously and a short plasma half-life of 2 minutes. It is indicated for use in cardiac failure, open heart surgery, and as an alternative to exercise in cardiac stress testing to evaluate heart function. Common adverse effects include increased heart rate, blood pressure changes, and chest pain. Dobutamine must be administered cautiously in patients with recent heart attacks or ischemia.
Metoclopramide Midication
Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that increases stomach and upper intestine movements. It is used to treat certain stomach problems, nausea, and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. Metoclopramide works by antagonizing dopamine, stimulating upper GI tract motility, and accelerating gastric emptying and intestinal transit. It is available as tablets, injections, and oral solutions. Common uses include nausea and vomiting in adults, diabetic gastroparesis, GERD, and preventing postoperative nausea. Usual dosing is 15-30mg per day divided into three doses with at least 6 hours between doses.
Drugs used in nervous system
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Unit 10 cardivascular drugs
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Epinephrine
Epinephrine is a hormone secreted by the medullas of adrenal glands that is also used as a drug. It is used as a stimulant in cardiac arrest, vasoconstrictor in shock, bronchodilator, and antispasmodic in bronchial asthma. Epinephrine must be stored below 25 degrees Celsius, protected from light, and not refrigerated. It is indicated for emergency treatment of anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, asthma, and cardiac failure but has contraindications for people with high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, children under 30 kg, and lung or mental health conditions. Common side effects include abnormal touch sensation, pain, discoloration, fainting
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Nitroglycerine drug. ppt
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to treat angina pectoris, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. It works by relaxing blood vessels, reducing the workload on the heart. It is rapidly absorbed through the skin or oral mucosa and has a quick onset of action within 1-3 minutes. Nitroglycerin is administered sublingually for acute angina attacks or before exertion. It can also be given intravenously to treat heart attacks or control blood pressure during surgery. Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, and hypotension.
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Chemotherapy in Medical Surgical Nursing
Chemotherapy uses antineoplastic drugs to destroy tumor cells by interfering with cell function and reproduction. The goal is to kill as many tumor cells as possible while minimizing harm to healthy cells. Chemotherapy is used in different settings such as adjuvant therapy after tumor removal to prevent recurrence, neoadjuvant therapy before surgery to shrink tumors, and for palliation of metastatic disease. Higher drug doses over shorter periods may be more effective due to acquired resistance in tumor cells. Chemotherapy is administered via several routes including oral, intravenous, intramuscular, and intrathecal routes.
Noradrenaline
Noradrenaline acts as a neurotransmitter between sympathetic postganglionic nerves and the organs they innervate. When an action potential reaches the nerve terminal, noradrenaline is released into the synaptic cleft and binds to alpha adrenoreceptors on nearby cells. This causes vasoconstriction and increases both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, raising mean arterial pressure. Noradrenaline interacts with various other drugs and medications and can cause side effects like anxiety, dizziness, and tremors. It should be used cautiously in patients with certain medical conditions.
Digoxin & Nitroglycerin by Dr. Sanaullah Aslam (Complete)
Digoxin is a drug derived from foxglove that increases the strength of heart contractions and regulates heart rhythm. It is used to treat heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms. Digoxin works by increasing the amount of calcium available to heart muscles to improve contraction. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and heart palpitations. In cases of toxicity, treatment includes administering digoxin immune fab to remove digoxin from the bloodstream.
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that relaxes blood vessels. It is used to treat angina by dilating coronary arteries and reducing the workload on the heart. Nitroglycerin is administered sublingually as a tablet or spray for
Tramadol
Tramadol is a centrally-acting analgesic with a dual mechanism of action, binding weakly to μ-opioid receptors and inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. It has fewer side effects than other opioids like morphine and a lower risk of abuse and dependence. Tramadol is effective for moderate to moderately severe pain and does not affect the prostaglandin cycle like NSAIDs. While less potent than morphine, tramadol has a better side effect profile and safety margin at therapeutic doses.
Care of patient with chest drainage system
1) A chest tube is a catheter inserted through the chest wall to drain fluid or air from the pleural space.
2) Chest tubes are used to treat pneumothorax, hemothorax, and pleural effusions by removing fluid/air and restoring negative pressure in the pleural space.
3) Chest drainage systems like the one, two, and three bottle systems maintain suction and prevent fluid/air from re-entering the chest through the use of valves and fluid seals.
Dobutamine
Dobutamine is a positive inotropic drug that acts directly on cardiac beta-1 receptors to increase myocardial contractility and enhance stroke volume, resulting in increased cardiac output and decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure within 1-2 minutes. Common adverse reactions include nausea, headache, respiratory distress, angina, palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension and ventricular ectopic beats. Dobutamine is contraindicated in atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias and phaeochromocytoma.
Dopamine
The document summarizes key information about dopamine, including its discovery and functions as a neurotransmitter. It describes dopamine's effects at different doses when used intravenously as a drug. Low doses selectively activate dopamine receptors to increase renal and splanchnic blood flow. Intermediate doses stimulate heart rate and contractility through beta-1 receptors. High doses cause systemic and pulmonary vasoconstriction through alpha receptors. The document also discusses dopamine's clinical uses, administration, interactions, and adverse effects.
Colostomy care
This document discusses colostomy care, including:
1. Defining a colostomy as an opening in the large intestine brought to the surface of the abdomen for bowel evacuation.
2. Describing the different types of colostomies based on duration, stoma site, and number/type.
3. Explaining the purpose and importance of proper colostomy care for skin protection, drainage collection, and patient acceptance of self-care.
Gastric lavage
Gastric lavage, also known as stomach wash or gastric suction, is used to clean out the stomach contents. It removes ingested poisons or prepares the stomach for endoscopy. A tube is passed into the stomach and small volumes of liquid are instilled and drained until the returning fluid is clear. Precautions must be taken to ensure the tube does not enter the lungs. Risks include aspiration pneumonia, laryngospasm, hypoxia, bradycardia, and mechanical injury to the throat, esophagus or stomach.
Pharmacology of Ondansetron (Zofran)
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Gentamicin
This document provides information on various gentamicin injection products available in Pakistan made by different pharmaceutical companies. It discusses gentamicin's mechanism of action as an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. It also provides dosing, administration, contraindications and precautions for gentamicin treatment. The document then shifts to discussing cloxacillin products in Pakistan and information about cloxacillin as a penicillinase-resistant penicillin antibiotic.
Tracheostomy care
A tracheostomy is an opening in the neck into the trachea that aids breathing. Tracheostomy care includes cleaning the tracheostomy site and changing dressings and inner tubes. The nurse must follow sterile technique, assess the tracheostomy site for signs of infection, clean the inner cannula and site, replace dressings and ties securely, and document the procedure. Tracheostomy care promotes airway patency, prevents infection, and provides patient comfort.
Ng tube feeding
This document discusses nasogastric tube feeding and its nursing management. It begins by introducing NG tube feeding and its purposes, which include providing nourishment to patients who cannot feed themselves or be fed orally. It then covers indications for NG tube feeding, the necessary equipment, assessment steps, the procedure including feeding administration and aftercare, and complications to watch for. It also discusses gastrostomy and jejunostomy tube feeding procedures and their differences from NG tube feeding.
THE USE OF INOTROPIC DRUGS IN CARDIAC SURGERY
This document provides information on various inotropic drugs used in cardiac surgery, including their indications, mechanisms of action, dosages, and side effects. It discusses sympathomimetic drugs like dopamine, dobutamine, and adrenaline that have positive inotropic effects by stimulating cardiac contraction directly. It also mentions the negative inotrope propranolol and vasopressors like adrenaline and noradrenaline. The aim of using inotropes in cardiac surgery is to optimize cardiac output while using the minimum effective dose to achieve desired outcomes and allow weaning off the drugs.
Anti hypertensive drugs
Hello friends, This is Akhila Gundabathini!! Here is the detailed information about antihypertensive drugs. Hope this presentation is helpful for you.. Thank You
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Unit 10 cardivascular drugs
This document provides an overview of the topics that will be covered in a 5 hour unit on cardiovascular drugs. The unit will discuss haematinics, cardiotonics, antianginals, antihypertensives, anti-arrhythmics, plasma expanders, coagulants, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, thrombolytics, and hypolipidemics. For each drug class, the document outlines the composition, action, dosage, indications, contraindications, drug interactions, side effects, and nursing responsibilities. The instructor for the unit is Mr. Dipti Y. Sorte from Himalayan College of Nursing.
Atropine slideshare
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Epinephrine
Epinephrine is a hormone secreted by the medullas of adrenal glands that is also used as a drug. It is used as a stimulant in cardiac arrest, vasoconstrictor in shock, bronchodilator, and antispasmodic in bronchial asthma. Epinephrine must be stored below 25 degrees Celsius, protected from light, and not refrigerated. It is indicated for emergency treatment of anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, asthma, and cardiac failure but has contraindications for people with high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, children under 30 kg, and lung or mental health conditions. Common side effects include abnormal touch sensation, pain, discoloration, fainting
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Nitroglycerine drug. ppt
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to treat angina pectoris, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. It works by relaxing blood vessels, reducing the workload on the heart. It is rapidly absorbed through the skin or oral mucosa and has a quick onset of action within 1-3 minutes. Nitroglycerin is administered sublingually for acute angina attacks or before exertion. It can also be given intravenously to treat heart attacks or control blood pressure during surgery. Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, and hypotension.
Adrenaline pharmacology
It is a catecholamine, which is secreted mainly by adrenal medulla. Adrenaline is a direct acting nonselective adrenergic agonist
LASIX - Furosemide(loop diuretics)
This document provides information on the loop diuretic furosemide, including its chemical and pharmacological classification, dosing, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, indications, adverse effects, contraindications, and drug interactions. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle, promoting increased excretion of sodium, chloride, potassium, and water. It is indicated for conditions like edema, hypertension, and hyperkalemia. Adverse effects include ototoxicity and electrolyte disturbances. It can interact with other diuretics or drugs that affect electrolyte levels.
Chemotherapy in Medical Surgical Nursing
Chemotherapy uses antineoplastic drugs to destroy tumor cells by interfering with cell function and reproduction. The goal is to kill as many tumor cells as possible while minimizing harm to healthy cells. Chemotherapy is used in different settings such as adjuvant therapy after tumor removal to prevent recurrence, neoadjuvant therapy before surgery to shrink tumors, and for palliation of metastatic disease. Higher drug doses over shorter periods may be more effective due to acquired resistance in tumor cells. Chemotherapy is administered via several routes including oral, intravenous, intramuscular, and intrathecal routes.
Noradrenaline
Noradrenaline acts as a neurotransmitter between sympathetic postganglionic nerves and the organs they innervate. When an action potential reaches the nerve terminal, noradrenaline is released into the synaptic cleft and binds to alpha adrenoreceptors on nearby cells. This causes vasoconstriction and increases both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, raising mean arterial pressure. Noradrenaline interacts with various other drugs and medications and can cause side effects like anxiety, dizziness, and tremors. It should be used cautiously in patients with certain medical conditions.
Digoxin & Nitroglycerin by Dr. Sanaullah Aslam (Complete)
Digoxin is a drug derived from foxglove that increases the strength of heart contractions and regulates heart rhythm. It is used to treat heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms. Digoxin works by increasing the amount of calcium available to heart muscles to improve contraction. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and heart palpitations. In cases of toxicity, treatment includes administering digoxin immune fab to remove digoxin from the bloodstream.
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that relaxes blood vessels. It is used to treat angina by dilating coronary arteries and reducing the workload on the heart. Nitroglycerin is administered sublingually as a tablet or spray for
Tramadol
Tramadol is a centrally-acting analgesic with a dual mechanism of action, binding weakly to μ-opioid receptors and inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. It has fewer side effects than other opioids like morphine and a lower risk of abuse and dependence. Tramadol is effective for moderate to moderately severe pain and does not affect the prostaglandin cycle like NSAIDs. While less potent than morphine, tramadol has a better side effect profile and safety margin at therapeutic doses.
Care of patient with chest drainage system
1) A chest tube is a catheter inserted through the chest wall to drain fluid or air from the pleural space.
2) Chest tubes are used to treat pneumothorax, hemothorax, and pleural effusions by removing fluid/air and restoring negative pressure in the pleural space.
3) Chest drainage systems like the one, two, and three bottle systems maintain suction and prevent fluid/air from re-entering the chest through the use of valves and fluid seals.
Dobutamine
Dobutamine is a positive inotropic drug that acts directly on cardiac beta-1 receptors to increase myocardial contractility and enhance stroke volume, resulting in increased cardiac output and decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure within 1-2 minutes. Common adverse reactions include nausea, headache, respiratory distress, angina, palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension and ventricular ectopic beats. Dobutamine is contraindicated in atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias and phaeochromocytoma.
Dopamine
The document summarizes key information about dopamine, including its discovery and functions as a neurotransmitter. It describes dopamine's effects at different doses when used intravenously as a drug. Low doses selectively activate dopamine receptors to increase renal and splanchnic blood flow. Intermediate doses stimulate heart rate and contractility through beta-1 receptors. High doses cause systemic and pulmonary vasoconstriction through alpha receptors. The document also discusses dopamine's clinical uses, administration, interactions, and adverse effects.
Colostomy care
This document discusses colostomy care, including:
1. Defining a colostomy as an opening in the large intestine brought to the surface of the abdomen for bowel evacuation.
2. Describing the different types of colostomies based on duration, stoma site, and number/type.
3. Explaining the purpose and importance of proper colostomy care for skin protection, drainage collection, and patient acceptance of self-care.
Gastric lavage
Gastric lavage, also known as stomach wash or gastric suction, is used to clean out the stomach contents. It removes ingested poisons or prepares the stomach for endoscopy. A tube is passed into the stomach and small volumes of liquid are instilled and drained until the returning fluid is clear. Precautions must be taken to ensure the tube does not enter the lungs. Risks include aspiration pneumonia, laryngospasm, hypoxia, bradycardia, and mechanical injury to the throat, esophagus or stomach.
Pharmacology of Ondansetron (Zofran)
Pharmacological Classification, Mechanism of Action, Clinical Uses, Administration Routes, Dosing for Adults and Pediatrics, Pharmacokinetics, Dose Adjustments, Patient Counseling, Adverse Effects, Drug Interactions, Contraindications, Personal Experience with Ondansetron, Future Clinical Uses of Ondansetron
Gentamicin
This document provides information on various gentamicin injection products available in Pakistan made by different pharmaceutical companies. It discusses gentamicin's mechanism of action as an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. It also provides dosing, administration, contraindications and precautions for gentamicin treatment. The document then shifts to discussing cloxacillin products in Pakistan and information about cloxacillin as a penicillinase-resistant penicillin antibiotic.
Tracheostomy care
A tracheostomy is an opening in the neck into the trachea that aids breathing. Tracheostomy care includes cleaning the tracheostomy site and changing dressings and inner tubes. The nurse must follow sterile technique, assess the tracheostomy site for signs of infection, clean the inner cannula and site, replace dressings and ties securely, and document the procedure. Tracheostomy care promotes airway patency, prevents infection, and provides patient comfort.
Ng tube feeding
This document discusses nasogastric tube feeding and its nursing management. It begins by introducing NG tube feeding and its purposes, which include providing nourishment to patients who cannot feed themselves or be fed orally. It then covers indications for NG tube feeding, the necessary equipment, assessment steps, the procedure including feeding administration and aftercare, and complications to watch for. It also discusses gastrostomy and jejunostomy tube feeding procedures and their differences from NG tube feeding.
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Digoxin & Nitroglycerin by Dr. Sanaullah Aslam (Complete)
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Similar to Emergency drugs
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Anti hypertensive drugs
Hello friends, This is Akhila Gundabathini!! Here is the detailed information about antihypertensive drugs. Hope this presentation is helpful for you.. Thank You
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This document discusses treatment options for congestive heart failure. It describes several classes of drugs used including inotropic drugs like digoxin to increase heart contraction; diuretics like furosemide and thiazide to reduce fluid overload; ACE inhibitors like captopril and enalapril to reduce afterload and preload; vasodilators to reduce preload and afterload; beta blockers like bisoprolol and carvedilol which are preferred to improve ventricular function; and aldosterone antagonists like spironolactone to prevent sodium reabsorption. The mechanisms of action and side effects of each drug class are explained in detail. Non-drug treatments like reducing salt intake and exercise
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This document summarizes different types of antihypertensive drugs used to treat hypertension. It discusses sympatholytic agents including centrally acting agents and alpha/beta-adrenergic blockers. It also covers diuretics such as thiazides, loop diuretics, and potassium-sparing diuretics. The document explains vasodilators, calcium channel blockers, and ACE inhibitors as additional classes of antihypertensive drugs. It provides examples of drugs in each class and describes their mechanisms of action in lowering blood pressure.
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Emergency drugs
- 1. EMERGENCY DRUGS PRESENTED BY : MANU MEHTA ROLL NO : 14 BASIC B.Sc NURSING 3rd YEAR
- 3. *EPINEPHRINE GENERIC NAME : Epinephrine Hydrochloride TRADE NAME : Adrenaclick , primatene mist CHEMICAL CLASS : Catecholamine FUNCTIONAL CLASS : Bronchodilator , nonselective adrenergic agonist MECHANISM OF ACTION
- 4. Decrease firing of carotid and aortic baroreceptors Cardiovascular control center in medulla Increase sympatheti c output Decreases parasympathetic output Increase heart rate
- 5. Vasoconstri ction Increas e force of contrac tion Increase heart rate Increase PVR Increase cardiac output Increase blood pressure to normal
- 6. FUROSEMIDE TREDE NAME : Lasix CHEMICAL CLASS : Sulfonamide derivative FUNCTIONAL CLASS : Loop diuretic MECHANISM OF ACTION Furosemide Ascending loop of henle Acts on And inhibit
- 7. Na+ k+ 2cl - cotransport Inhibition of reabsorption of sodium and chloride Decrease BP , edema with CHF Leads to Leads to
- 8. SODIUM BICARBONATE TRADE NAME : Sodabicarb , Baking Soda CHEMICAL CLASS : NaHco3 FUNCTIONAL CLASS: Antacid Sodium bicarbonate MECHANISM OF ACTION Water , Na+ , Co2 Breaks into
- 9. Increase plasma bicarbonate level Buffers H+ ion concentration Neutralizes gastric acid
- 10. DOPAMINE GENERIC NAME : Dopamine hydrochloride TRADE NAME : Dopamine , CHEMICAL CLASS : Catecholamine FUNCTIONAL CLASS : Adrenergic MECHANISM OF ACTION Dopamine In low dose In high dose
- 11. D1 and D2 receptors Acts on Alpha and beta1 receptors Vasodilation of renal and mesentric artery Vasoconstrictio n and increase cardiac output Increase renal blood flow Increase blood flow Acts on Leads to Leads to
- 12. DOBUTAMINE TRADE NAME : Dobutrex , Dobuject GENARIC NAME : Dobutamine hydrochloride CHEMICAL CLASS : Catecholamine FUNCTIONAL CLASS : Adrenergic direct acting beta1 agonist MECHANISM OF ACTION Dobutamine Stimulate the beta receptors in heart
- 13. Produce strong inotropic effect Alpha 1 agonist activity (vasoconstriction) Alpha 2 agonist affect (vasodilation) Increase myocardial contractility Increase cardiac output Decrease peripheral resistance Improves renal blood flow and urine output
- 14. ATROPINE GENERIC NAME : Atropine sulfate TRADE NAME : Atropine , Atropaza CHEMICAL CLASS : Belladonna alkaloid FUNCTIONAL CLASS : Anti muscarinic ,Anti cholinergic, Anti dysrrhythmic MACHANISM OF ACTION Atropine Muscarinic receptor of Ach blocks
- 15. Reduce muscarinic response of Ach in Smooth muscle Exocrin e gland Cardiac muscle Muscle relaxation Decrease secretion Decrease dysrhythmias leads to leads toleads to leads to
- 16. HYDROCORTISONE GENERIC NAME : Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate TRADE NAME : Effcorlin, solu - cortef FUNCTIONAL CLASS : Corticosteroid CHEMICAL CLASS : Short – acting glucocorticoid MACHANISM OF ACTION Hydrocortisone Migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes suppresses
- 17. Fibroblasts , and lysosomal stabilization Suppression of inflammation Leads to
- 18. MORPHINE GENRIC NAME : Morphine sulfate TRADE NAME : Astramorph PF , Avinza , Depo Dur CHEMICAL CLASS : Alkaloid FUNCTIONAL CLASS : Opioid analgesic MECHANISM OF ACTION Depresses pain impulse transmission at the spinal cord level by interacting with opioid receptors.