This study examines the effect of accounting records on financial performance of small and medium industries in Nigeria. Specifically the study sought to determine whether small and medium industries keep accounting records of their financial transactions in Anambra state and evaluate whether sound accounting system significantly improve the performance of small and medium industries in Anambra State. Survey research designs were adopted for the study. Data were collected through survey in which questionnaire was administered on a sample of 176 was purposively collected from population of selected small and medium industries. The study found that the Small and medium industries keep accounting records of their financial transactions in Anambra state. Also that sound accounting system has significantly improved the performance of small and medium industries in Anambra State. Based on this, it recommended that the cost of operating sound accounting system should be minimized in order to encourage the adoption of in small and medium industries in the State. Okpala, Lucy Ifeoma ""Effect of Accounting Records on Financial Performance of Small and Medium Industries in Nigeria"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25084.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/25084/effect-of-accounting-records-on-financial-performance-of-small-and-medium-industries-in-nigeria/okpala-lucy-ifeoma
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) inventionjournals
- The document examines the impact of accounting systems on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria through a survey.
- It finds that adoption of sound accounting practices enhances SME business performance. Having proper financial records facilitates decision making.
- However, many SMEs face challenges in implementing full accounting systems due to lack of skilled personnel and excessive costs. The study recommends customizing accounting systems and services for SMEs to address their needs and capacities.
Intellectual capital is an important dimension of entrepreneurship orientation that
highly contributes in the performance of the small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs). The measurements of intellectual capital more concern about employees’
knowledge, trademarks, patents, compensation and rewards. This study aims to
examine the relationship between knowledge management and organizational
performance among Malaysian food and beverage SMEs. It also identifies whether or
not protecting patents and trademarks positively contributes in organizational
performance. The primary data was collected through quantitative method and 262
questionnaire administered within food and Beverage SMEs in the Malaysian State of
Selangor. The findings indicated a positive relationship between knowledge
management and organizational performances. A good management of employees’
knowledge adds value to the firms and make them competitive in the market economy.
Apart from knowledge, the study found that protecting patents and trademarks can
positively contribute in the performance of SMEs. Also, the study identified moderate
positive correlations between compensation and reward with organizational
performance. To improve the performance of the firms, SMEs has to adopt effective
techniques such as compensation and reward that encourage employees to sincerely
perform their tasks and utilize their knowledge and effort for the purpose of profit
maximization
Creative Accounting Dynamics and Financial Reporting Quality in Public Corpor...YogeshIJTSRD
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the influence of creative accounting practices on the quality of financial reporting in public corporations in Nigeria. The study uses data from annual reports of 10 public corporations from 2014-2016, which used old accounting standards, and 2017-2019, which used IPSAS standards.
The results show that under the old standards, indicators of revenue/cost disclosure, auditor opinions, notes/schedules, and compliance to standards had moderate or low influence on financial reporting quality. But under IPSAS, all indicators had higher average scores and were found to have high or moderate influence on quality. Specifically, revenue/cost disclosure and auditor opinions saw increases of 1.5 and 1.49 respectively in their influence under
This document summarizes a study on the financial reporting practices of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Sri Lanka. The study examines the extent to which Sri Lankan SMEs adopt financial reporting practices and how such practices are incorporated into their information systems. By analyzing data collected from 60 SMEs, the study finds that while SMEs focus on preparing basic financial statements like the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement to monitor their financial position and performance, most SMEs maintain informal accounting systems and lack comprehensive financial reports. The study recommends educating SME owners/managers about the importance of prudent financial management practices for long-term success.
Financial Statements Analysis: Wealth Creation and Wealth Maximisation at Tel...iosrjce
Information technology revolution has gained popularity with companies’ success depending
virtually on the exchange of information. As a result, it has brought to consideration the need to create and
sustain technologies through which information can be transmitted and received, and the telecommunication
industry has been a major development. The research paper seeks to analyse the financial statements of a
telecom company to determine whether the company created wealth and suggesting ways to improve wealth
creation. Factors such as operational results, key economic variables and customer satisfaction were explored.
A questionnaire survey was employed to collect primary data. The questionnaires were distributed by hand and
some were emailed. Results of the survey were reported and customer suggestions and concerns were noted.
Secondary data was obtained from the financial statements as well as operational reviews available on the
website. Data was analysed and it was discovered that the company has revolved significantly and its
performance has improved over the years. However, it was highlighted that a lot still needs to be done.
Therefore recommendations to pave way for future studies have been suggested.
The document discusses tax policy and incentives for attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) to developing countries, using Vietnam as a case study. It begins by classifying different types of tax incentives and evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. It then analyzes data on tax incentives adopted in 107 developing countries, finding that tax holidays and preferential tax rates are most common. While incentives can positively impact FDI inflows, they often result in significant lost tax revenue. The document concludes by detailing Vietnam's corporate income tax rates and incentives, which are generally competitive but may not be optimally efficient.
This research is a type of quantitative research, to determine the pattern of the relationship between profitability,
macroeconomics, capital structure and company value in manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange for the
2014-2018 period. The unit of analysis in this study is financial reports, while the population is all manufacturing
companies. of this population,
The Indian MSME sector is the backbone of the national economic structure and has unremittingly acted as the bulwark for the Indian economy, providing it resilience to ward off global economic shocks and adversities. With around 48.8 million units throughout the geographical expanse of the country, MSMEs contribute around 7% of the manufacturing GDP and 31% of the GDP from service activities as well as 37% of India s manufacturing output and 40% of the overall exports.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) inventionjournals
- The document examines the impact of accounting systems on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria through a survey.
- It finds that adoption of sound accounting practices enhances SME business performance. Having proper financial records facilitates decision making.
- However, many SMEs face challenges in implementing full accounting systems due to lack of skilled personnel and excessive costs. The study recommends customizing accounting systems and services for SMEs to address their needs and capacities.
Intellectual capital is an important dimension of entrepreneurship orientation that
highly contributes in the performance of the small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs). The measurements of intellectual capital more concern about employees’
knowledge, trademarks, patents, compensation and rewards. This study aims to
examine the relationship between knowledge management and organizational
performance among Malaysian food and beverage SMEs. It also identifies whether or
not protecting patents and trademarks positively contributes in organizational
performance. The primary data was collected through quantitative method and 262
questionnaire administered within food and Beverage SMEs in the Malaysian State of
Selangor. The findings indicated a positive relationship between knowledge
management and organizational performances. A good management of employees’
knowledge adds value to the firms and make them competitive in the market economy.
Apart from knowledge, the study found that protecting patents and trademarks can
positively contribute in the performance of SMEs. Also, the study identified moderate
positive correlations between compensation and reward with organizational
performance. To improve the performance of the firms, SMEs has to adopt effective
techniques such as compensation and reward that encourage employees to sincerely
perform their tasks and utilize their knowledge and effort for the purpose of profit
maximization
Creative Accounting Dynamics and Financial Reporting Quality in Public Corpor...YogeshIJTSRD
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the influence of creative accounting practices on the quality of financial reporting in public corporations in Nigeria. The study uses data from annual reports of 10 public corporations from 2014-2016, which used old accounting standards, and 2017-2019, which used IPSAS standards.
The results show that under the old standards, indicators of revenue/cost disclosure, auditor opinions, notes/schedules, and compliance to standards had moderate or low influence on financial reporting quality. But under IPSAS, all indicators had higher average scores and were found to have high or moderate influence on quality. Specifically, revenue/cost disclosure and auditor opinions saw increases of 1.5 and 1.49 respectively in their influence under
This document summarizes a study on the financial reporting practices of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Sri Lanka. The study examines the extent to which Sri Lankan SMEs adopt financial reporting practices and how such practices are incorporated into their information systems. By analyzing data collected from 60 SMEs, the study finds that while SMEs focus on preparing basic financial statements like the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement to monitor their financial position and performance, most SMEs maintain informal accounting systems and lack comprehensive financial reports. The study recommends educating SME owners/managers about the importance of prudent financial management practices for long-term success.
Financial Statements Analysis: Wealth Creation and Wealth Maximisation at Tel...iosrjce
Information technology revolution has gained popularity with companies’ success depending
virtually on the exchange of information. As a result, it has brought to consideration the need to create and
sustain technologies through which information can be transmitted and received, and the telecommunication
industry has been a major development. The research paper seeks to analyse the financial statements of a
telecom company to determine whether the company created wealth and suggesting ways to improve wealth
creation. Factors such as operational results, key economic variables and customer satisfaction were explored.
A questionnaire survey was employed to collect primary data. The questionnaires were distributed by hand and
some were emailed. Results of the survey were reported and customer suggestions and concerns were noted.
Secondary data was obtained from the financial statements as well as operational reviews available on the
website. Data was analysed and it was discovered that the company has revolved significantly and its
performance has improved over the years. However, it was highlighted that a lot still needs to be done.
Therefore recommendations to pave way for future studies have been suggested.
The document discusses tax policy and incentives for attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) to developing countries, using Vietnam as a case study. It begins by classifying different types of tax incentives and evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. It then analyzes data on tax incentives adopted in 107 developing countries, finding that tax holidays and preferential tax rates are most common. While incentives can positively impact FDI inflows, they often result in significant lost tax revenue. The document concludes by detailing Vietnam's corporate income tax rates and incentives, which are generally competitive but may not be optimally efficient.
This research is a type of quantitative research, to determine the pattern of the relationship between profitability,
macroeconomics, capital structure and company value in manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange for the
2014-2018 period. The unit of analysis in this study is financial reports, while the population is all manufacturing
companies. of this population,
The Indian MSME sector is the backbone of the national economic structure and has unremittingly acted as the bulwark for the Indian economy, providing it resilience to ward off global economic shocks and adversities. With around 48.8 million units throughout the geographical expanse of the country, MSMEs contribute around 7% of the manufacturing GDP and 31% of the GDP from service activities as well as 37% of India s manufacturing output and 40% of the overall exports.
This study examines the mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The researchers conducted a survey of 200 SMEs in Lagos State. The findings show that adopting IFRS is beneficial for SMEs as it improves the comparability of financial reporting and allows SMEs to better compete globally. Most respondents agreed that IFRS leads to more disclosure and better informed decision making. The researchers conclude that IFRS adoption is important for Nigerian SMEs to gain access to foreign investment and international financing. They recommend that adoption be a gradual process and that more guidance be provided to help SMEs build expertise in IFRS reporting.
Problems Of Funding Small And Medium Scale Enterprises In Nigeriaiosrjce
The document summarizes problems with funding small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria. It identifies inadequate capital/finance as the greatest challenge facing SMEs. SMEs struggle to raise start-up capital and attract credit from banks due to high interest rates and collateral requirements. Other issues include poor record keeping, taxation, and corruption from government agencies. While funding sources exist, many SME owners lack awareness of financing opportunities and financial discipline to use funds productively. The document recommends the government create a supportive environment, reform education to foster entrepreneurship, and discipline corrupt officials extorting SMEs.
This document discusses venture management practices between informal and formal entrepreneurship in Nigeria. It notes that venture management has been successful in the US and India by turning around businesses, but this practice is not as formalized in Nigeria. The informal sector dominates Nigerian entrepreneurship due to challenges accessing capital and flexible regulations. The study aims to compare venture management practices and performance between informal and formal businesses to help bridge this gap. It reviews concepts of venture capital and management and their role in supporting entrepreneurship and reducing unemployment. Transitioning more Nigerian businesses from informal to formal sectors could help foster economic growth.
Corporate governance is of great importance for financial performance. Corporate governance issues have attracted public interest in the financial sector both locally and internationally after waves of corporate rip-offs and failures that almost led to loss of confidence in the finance sector. The general objective of this study was to determine the effect of corporate governance on financial performance of Savings and Credit Co-operatives in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study targeted a population of 65 active Savings and credit Co-operatives operating in Embu County. A sample size of 57 Savings and Credit Co-operatives was used in this study. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample. Primary data was collected using self-administered semi-structured questionnaires while secondary data was obtained from financial statements and periodicals using a record survey sheet. Pre-testing of research tool was conducted before the actual data collection was carried, to determine the reliability of the questionnaire by use of a Cronbach‘s alpha, statistical coefficient, while the validity was tested to ensure that the questions in the questionnaire provides adequate coverage to the investigative questions. Correlation and multiple regression analysis was used to establish the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The study findings indicated that corporate governance positively affected the financial performance. In specific the board composition and corporate risk management for SACCOs had a positive effect on the financial performances of the SACCOs. The study is beneficial to SACCOs management in improving the performance of Savings and Credit Co-operatives and enabling them to compete globally. The study recommends gender parity consideration and balanced mix of skilled board members during appointments of the board members. The recommendations are important to the government, especially the department of cooperatives in strengthening policies regarding cooperative societies.
An empirical assessment of the effect of corporate restructuring in the banki...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that empirically assessed the effect of corporate restructuring in Nigeria's banking industry on economic growth from 1990-2009. The study found that foreign direct investment, aggregate capital to the private sector, pre-tax profits for all banks, and number of bank employees significantly influenced economic growth in Nigeria. It recommends that the Central Bank of Nigeria encourage banks to invest profits in the real economy to boost productive capacity and growth. The introduction provides background on banking industry restructuring through mergers and acquisitions in Nigeria and their theoretical drivers of economic growth.
Suitability of small and medium scale business in Bangladeshfarhanairen popy
This document summarizes a paper examining financing issues for small-scale industries (SSIs) in Bangladesh. It notes that SSIs face difficulties accessing financial facilities and rely on personal savings or loans. The paper aims to understand the current financing environment for SSIs, identify options to promote greater financial access, and make suggestions to support financing mechanisms. It analyzes the importance of SSIs to Bangladesh's economy and employment.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the impact of networking between small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and officers at SME Corp. Malaysia on the SMEs' ability to access financial government support programs. The study also examined how financial government support influences SMEs' access to other financial resources. The results showed that networking with SME Corp. officers has a significant positive effect on SMEs' ability to gain financial government support. Additionally, receiving financial government support significantly and positively influences SMEs' capability to access financing from other financial institutions in Malaysia.
An Overview of MSME Sector in India with Special Reference to the State of Ut...ijtsrd
MSMEs, considered as "Engines of Growth" are crucial for the economy of developing countries like India due to its potential of creating vast employment opportunities. This Sector has caught the attention of policy makers as it is labour intensive and has the potential of reducing the problem of regional imbalances, ensure financial independence of rural people and assist in sustainable development. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in India is being largely viewed as vital to the economic growth of the country in the 21st century. The present paper will focus on existing scenario and trends of MSME in India. This paper studies the current status of MSME sector in India, its performance, various initiatives taken by the government to accelerate the growth of this sector, as well as the problems faced by the MSMEs in Indian economy. Additionally, this paper dedicates one section to the MSMEs sector in the state of Uttarakhand. The State of Uttarakhand is facing the dire problem of intense migration of people from the hilly terrain particularly due to lack of employment opportunities in the rural areas of Uttarakhand and Uttarakhand badly needs sustainable and inclusive industrial growth of all sub regions of the state. Hence, this paper also analyses the status of MSMEs in the state of Uttarakhand and outlines the problems faced and also recommends the measures that should be taken to promote this sector. The study is a review which was conducted with the help of secondary data retrieved from MSME Annual Reports, other government reports, newspapers and research papers. Simranjeet Kaur Virk | Pinnacci Negi "An Overview of MSME Sector in India with Special Reference to the State of Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21520.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/public-sector-management/21520/an-overview-of-msme-sector-in-india-with-special-reference-to-the-state-of-uttarakhand/simranjeet-kaur-virk
This document contains summaries of several knowledge papers published by FICCI:
1. FICCI has released an economic agenda identifying goals and drivers to promote growth across seven priority areas including the real economy, education, healthcare, infrastructure, and energy and water security. The agenda lists policy changes to improve business sentiment.
2. India needs to redesign its energy policy architecture to better integrate policies across oil, gas, coal, power and renewables to reduce costs and inefficiencies. The current structure is too fragmented.
3. Other knowledge papers explore sector investment opportunities, corporate sustainability trends, opportunities in Asian and African agriculture and challenges in South Asian economic integration.
Working Capital Management and the Financial Performance of Basic Materials M...ijtsrd
The management of working capital involves managing inventories, accounts receivable and payable, and cash. Based on this assertion, this dissertation is to examine working capital management and the financial performance of basic materials manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between working capital management and financial performance of basic material manufacturing companies in Nigeria, The study is anchored with Fisher's separation theory. The study used ex post facto research design which also known as after the effect research, data analyses of financial information were extracted from the manufacturing companies Financial Statements for the years 2001 to 2015. These statements used to examine how an independent variable, present prior to the study, affects a dependent variable. In order to arrive at the testable conclusion, stratified random sampling techniques were adopted. Ordinary Least Square OLS regression model were used in this research work with the model findings, which revealed that debtors, creditors and inventory has no significant relationship with return on investment of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that managers of basic material manufacturing companies in Nigeria should intensify effort on how to improve the management of debtor as a component of working capital components than creditors and inventories in their industry. Olaniyi, Ayo R | Nzewi, Ugochukwu C ""Working Capital Management and the Financial Performance of Basic Materials Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30225.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/30225/working-capital-management-and-the-financial-performance-of-basic-materials-manufacturing-companies-in-nigeria/olaniyi-ayo-r
This document summarizes a research study that aimed to predict financial distress in manufacturing sectors in Indonesia using financial ratios. The researchers used logistic regression analysis to analyze the relationship between profitability ratios, leverage ratios, and the likelihood of financial distress. The results showed that both profitability ratios and leverage ratios had a significant positive effect on predicting financial difficulties. Specifically, declining profitability and increasing debt levels were indicators that a manufacturing company may experience financial distress.
The document discusses MSMEs (micro, small and medium enterprises) in India, including their importance, characteristics, barriers to growth, and strategies for growth. It notes that MSMEs employ over 60 million people and contribute significantly to India's GDP and exports. However, their share of industrial output, employment, and value of production has reduced since economic liberalization in the 1990s. The document outlines barriers to MSME growth such as access to financing and technology. It suggests strategies for organic growth like developing new products/markets/customers, and inorganic growth through mergers, acquisitions, and partnerships.
The whole data are collected from a report of SME Development in Bangladesh By East West University Bangaladesh.Some of data is deducted for present my slide easily. If you need any kind of information about SME Development in Bangladesh please search on internet get the actual data......thank u very much......assalamuwalikum owa rohmatullahi oba-rakatuh.......allah hafez
CEOs are adjusting their business strategies to focus on domestic growth opportunities from rising middle-income consumers in Asia Pacific. They are increasing investments in innovation, services, and distribution capabilities while also expanding through new partnerships with local companies. However, CEOs see human resources and research & development operations as less prepared for these strategic changes compared to other areas like marketing and customer service. The shift toward domestic-led growth is leading businesses to transform their operating models and partnerships to adapt to changing consumer preferences in Asia Pacific.
Assessing the effect of liquidity on profitability of commercial banks in kenyaAlexander Decker
This document discusses factors that affect the profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. It provides background on the banking sector in Kenya and reviews various theories on factors that influence bank profitability, including market power theory, efficiency structure theory, and the Modigliani-Miller theorem. The study aimed to determine the effect of internal factors like liquidity on the profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. It found that liquidity has a statistically significant and positive relationship with bank profitability.
A Review of the Uttarakhand’s Industrial Policies and Their PerformanceYogeshIJTSRD
In todays world, a nations economic development cannot be addressed without acknowledging industrialization. Industrial development is mostly based on the industrial profile of the particular states countries. This study reviews Uttarakhands industrial policies and their performance toward the growth of industrial units and generating new employment opportunities. The data sources of the study are published reports of Uttarakhands government departments and other secondary sources. Uttarakhand launched many industrial policies and set up SIIDCUL to develop industries SIIDCUL developed industrial infrastructure and attracted investors. The result shows that the industrial policies of Uttarakhand are favourable for the state in terms of attracting investors, generating employment opportunities, and pushing the state to an industrial hub. Industrial policies gave many tax concessions to investors and also made a single window clearance facility for investors. These industrial policies also have the intention of reviving the states sick units. The impact of these industrial policies is the contribution of the secondary sector increase in the gross state domestic product, and this sector also generated new employment opportunities in the industrial sector. Rajinder Singh | Prof. B. K. Agrawal "A Review of the Uttarakhand’s Industrial Policies and Their Performance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45077.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/45077/a-review-of-the-uttarakhand’s-industrial-policies-and-their-performance/rajinder-singh
Role of sme’s in the socio-economic stability of KPK & FATAWaqar Noor
This document discusses the role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the socioeconomic stability of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA regions of Pakistan. It finds that SMEs make substantial contributions to GDP, employment, taxes, and standards of living. However, SMEs in these regions struggle with lack of access to financing, high interest rates, and other barriers. The document recommends solutions like Islamic financing models, collateral-free leasing, entrepreneurship training, and capacity building to strengthen SME development.
Financial Structure and the Financial Performance of Quoted Consumer Goods Fi...ijtsrd
The study investigated the effect of financial structure on the financial performance of quoted consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study used profit after tax PAT to represented financial performance as the dependent variable while financial structure was disintegrated into Short Term Debt STD , Long Term Debt LTD , share capital SC and retained earnings RE as the independent variable. The data for the study were obtained from the Financial Statement and Annual Reports of the selected firms. The data set comprised fifty 50 observations comprising five year time series data spanning 2010 to 2019 from ten firms in the consumer goods sector. The panel regression technique based on Fixed and Random Effects were used for data analyses. The Hausman test showed that the Fixed Effect model is more suitable for the study. The findings revealed that STD and SC have significant positive effects on the PAT of consumer goods firms in Nigeria while LTD and RE were found to have positive but no significant effect on the PAT of consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study conclude that b working capital management is an efficient tool for the consumer goods subsector in Nigeria. Among the contributions of the study is the use of all the four sources of funds and the use of profit after tax that tends to capture the overall effect of the various fund sources on the holistic profitability of the consumer goods firms. The recommendations included use of share capital for long term investment and working capital management for operations. Daniel, Prince Chinwendu | Dr. Joseph A. Nduka "Financial Structure and the Financial Performance of Quoted Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd37967.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/37967/financial-structure-and-the-financial-performance-of-quoted-consumer-goods-firms-in-nigeria/daniel-prince-chinwendu
INFORMAL SECTOR FINANCIAL CHALLENGES: A CASE OF MANUFACTURING INFORMAL SMALL ...ectijjournal
The study made an evaluation on the financial challenges in relation to manufacturing informal enterprises
(SMEs) in Harare. The research adopted the mixed research methodology. Primary data collection tools
used were: interviews and surveys. The study’s major finding was that informal small and medium
enterprises were virtually excluded from accessing working capital formal credit from established financial
institutions due to a myriad of challenges, the key challenge being none or inadequate bookkeeping
practices. Furthermore, the study revealed that The informal SMEs contribute significantly over 60% to the
Zimbabwe’s formal economy through various taxes and informal employment. The study recommended
that Ministry of Small and Medium enterprises should provide assistance in form of formal credit basing
on according records kept by informal sector.
1) The document discusses investment rating for replanting palm oil plantation companies in Sumatra, Indonesia. It provides background on palm oil production in Indonesia and issues with aging palm oil plants.
2) It aims to determine if replanting palm oil plantations in Sumatra qualify as "investment grade" according to Moody's ratings and how to improve the rating.
3) After analysis using Moody's rating system, the results found that replanting plantations in Sumatra received a rating of "Ba3" with "medium risk," qualifying as investment grade but improvements could attract more investors by lowering the risk.
Factors Influencing the Level of Compliance with International Financial Re...Premier Publishers
Compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by Small and Medium-Scale enterprises (SMEs) has become a topical issue in accounting research, and it has become necessary in order to enhance the ability of SMEs to live up to international best business practices. SMEs are pivotal to the growth and development of any nation's economy. Many countries are opening their doors to foreign investments due to globalization and businesses are expanding beyond their national borders. Therefore, there is a need for the SME sector in Nigeria to be prepared and take advantage of this phenomenon for their growth by ensuring that their financial reports comply with the disclosure requirements of IFRS. This study assessed the factors that influence the levels of compliance with IFRS by SMEs in Ondo State, Nigeria. A cross sectional survey of one hundred SMEs in Akure was conducted through structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using Single-Factor Descriptive Analysis, Weighted Mean Scoring, Principal Component Analysis and Regression Analysis. The study found there was low level of compliance by the SMEs in the study area and major factors influencing compliance are proper accounting records submission of accounting statements to regulatory bodies and knowledge of IFRS with mean ratings of 3.29, 3.27, 3.26 and 3.24 respectively. It concluded that there is need for the SMEs in the study area to comply with the disclosure requirements of IFRS in order to improve their capitalization and profitability. It is recommended that Financial Reporting Act in Nigeria is reviewed to make compliance of SMEs with IFRS mandatory and that Financial Reporting Council should ensure proper capacity development to enable SMEs compliance.
This study examines the mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The researchers conducted a survey of 200 SMEs in Lagos State. The findings show that adopting IFRS is beneficial for SMEs as it improves the comparability of financial reporting and allows SMEs to better compete globally. Most respondents agreed that IFRS leads to more disclosure and better informed decision making. The researchers conclude that IFRS adoption is important for Nigerian SMEs to gain access to foreign investment and international financing. They recommend that adoption be a gradual process and that more guidance be provided to help SMEs build expertise in IFRS reporting.
Problems Of Funding Small And Medium Scale Enterprises In Nigeriaiosrjce
The document summarizes problems with funding small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria. It identifies inadequate capital/finance as the greatest challenge facing SMEs. SMEs struggle to raise start-up capital and attract credit from banks due to high interest rates and collateral requirements. Other issues include poor record keeping, taxation, and corruption from government agencies. While funding sources exist, many SME owners lack awareness of financing opportunities and financial discipline to use funds productively. The document recommends the government create a supportive environment, reform education to foster entrepreneurship, and discipline corrupt officials extorting SMEs.
This document discusses venture management practices between informal and formal entrepreneurship in Nigeria. It notes that venture management has been successful in the US and India by turning around businesses, but this practice is not as formalized in Nigeria. The informal sector dominates Nigerian entrepreneurship due to challenges accessing capital and flexible regulations. The study aims to compare venture management practices and performance between informal and formal businesses to help bridge this gap. It reviews concepts of venture capital and management and their role in supporting entrepreneurship and reducing unemployment. Transitioning more Nigerian businesses from informal to formal sectors could help foster economic growth.
Corporate governance is of great importance for financial performance. Corporate governance issues have attracted public interest in the financial sector both locally and internationally after waves of corporate rip-offs and failures that almost led to loss of confidence in the finance sector. The general objective of this study was to determine the effect of corporate governance on financial performance of Savings and Credit Co-operatives in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study targeted a population of 65 active Savings and credit Co-operatives operating in Embu County. A sample size of 57 Savings and Credit Co-operatives was used in this study. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample. Primary data was collected using self-administered semi-structured questionnaires while secondary data was obtained from financial statements and periodicals using a record survey sheet. Pre-testing of research tool was conducted before the actual data collection was carried, to determine the reliability of the questionnaire by use of a Cronbach‘s alpha, statistical coefficient, while the validity was tested to ensure that the questions in the questionnaire provides adequate coverage to the investigative questions. Correlation and multiple regression analysis was used to establish the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The study findings indicated that corporate governance positively affected the financial performance. In specific the board composition and corporate risk management for SACCOs had a positive effect on the financial performances of the SACCOs. The study is beneficial to SACCOs management in improving the performance of Savings and Credit Co-operatives and enabling them to compete globally. The study recommends gender parity consideration and balanced mix of skilled board members during appointments of the board members. The recommendations are important to the government, especially the department of cooperatives in strengthening policies regarding cooperative societies.
An empirical assessment of the effect of corporate restructuring in the banki...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that empirically assessed the effect of corporate restructuring in Nigeria's banking industry on economic growth from 1990-2009. The study found that foreign direct investment, aggregate capital to the private sector, pre-tax profits for all banks, and number of bank employees significantly influenced economic growth in Nigeria. It recommends that the Central Bank of Nigeria encourage banks to invest profits in the real economy to boost productive capacity and growth. The introduction provides background on banking industry restructuring through mergers and acquisitions in Nigeria and their theoretical drivers of economic growth.
Suitability of small and medium scale business in Bangladeshfarhanairen popy
This document summarizes a paper examining financing issues for small-scale industries (SSIs) in Bangladesh. It notes that SSIs face difficulties accessing financial facilities and rely on personal savings or loans. The paper aims to understand the current financing environment for SSIs, identify options to promote greater financial access, and make suggestions to support financing mechanisms. It analyzes the importance of SSIs to Bangladesh's economy and employment.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the impact of networking between small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and officers at SME Corp. Malaysia on the SMEs' ability to access financial government support programs. The study also examined how financial government support influences SMEs' access to other financial resources. The results showed that networking with SME Corp. officers has a significant positive effect on SMEs' ability to gain financial government support. Additionally, receiving financial government support significantly and positively influences SMEs' capability to access financing from other financial institutions in Malaysia.
An Overview of MSME Sector in India with Special Reference to the State of Ut...ijtsrd
MSMEs, considered as "Engines of Growth" are crucial for the economy of developing countries like India due to its potential of creating vast employment opportunities. This Sector has caught the attention of policy makers as it is labour intensive and has the potential of reducing the problem of regional imbalances, ensure financial independence of rural people and assist in sustainable development. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in India is being largely viewed as vital to the economic growth of the country in the 21st century. The present paper will focus on existing scenario and trends of MSME in India. This paper studies the current status of MSME sector in India, its performance, various initiatives taken by the government to accelerate the growth of this sector, as well as the problems faced by the MSMEs in Indian economy. Additionally, this paper dedicates one section to the MSMEs sector in the state of Uttarakhand. The State of Uttarakhand is facing the dire problem of intense migration of people from the hilly terrain particularly due to lack of employment opportunities in the rural areas of Uttarakhand and Uttarakhand badly needs sustainable and inclusive industrial growth of all sub regions of the state. Hence, this paper also analyses the status of MSMEs in the state of Uttarakhand and outlines the problems faced and also recommends the measures that should be taken to promote this sector. The study is a review which was conducted with the help of secondary data retrieved from MSME Annual Reports, other government reports, newspapers and research papers. Simranjeet Kaur Virk | Pinnacci Negi "An Overview of MSME Sector in India with Special Reference to the State of Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21520.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/public-sector-management/21520/an-overview-of-msme-sector-in-india-with-special-reference-to-the-state-of-uttarakhand/simranjeet-kaur-virk
This document contains summaries of several knowledge papers published by FICCI:
1. FICCI has released an economic agenda identifying goals and drivers to promote growth across seven priority areas including the real economy, education, healthcare, infrastructure, and energy and water security. The agenda lists policy changes to improve business sentiment.
2. India needs to redesign its energy policy architecture to better integrate policies across oil, gas, coal, power and renewables to reduce costs and inefficiencies. The current structure is too fragmented.
3. Other knowledge papers explore sector investment opportunities, corporate sustainability trends, opportunities in Asian and African agriculture and challenges in South Asian economic integration.
Working Capital Management and the Financial Performance of Basic Materials M...ijtsrd
The management of working capital involves managing inventories, accounts receivable and payable, and cash. Based on this assertion, this dissertation is to examine working capital management and the financial performance of basic materials manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between working capital management and financial performance of basic material manufacturing companies in Nigeria, The study is anchored with Fisher's separation theory. The study used ex post facto research design which also known as after the effect research, data analyses of financial information were extracted from the manufacturing companies Financial Statements for the years 2001 to 2015. These statements used to examine how an independent variable, present prior to the study, affects a dependent variable. In order to arrive at the testable conclusion, stratified random sampling techniques were adopted. Ordinary Least Square OLS regression model were used in this research work with the model findings, which revealed that debtors, creditors and inventory has no significant relationship with return on investment of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that managers of basic material manufacturing companies in Nigeria should intensify effort on how to improve the management of debtor as a component of working capital components than creditors and inventories in their industry. Olaniyi, Ayo R | Nzewi, Ugochukwu C ""Working Capital Management and the Financial Performance of Basic Materials Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30225.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/30225/working-capital-management-and-the-financial-performance-of-basic-materials-manufacturing-companies-in-nigeria/olaniyi-ayo-r
This document summarizes a research study that aimed to predict financial distress in manufacturing sectors in Indonesia using financial ratios. The researchers used logistic regression analysis to analyze the relationship between profitability ratios, leverage ratios, and the likelihood of financial distress. The results showed that both profitability ratios and leverage ratios had a significant positive effect on predicting financial difficulties. Specifically, declining profitability and increasing debt levels were indicators that a manufacturing company may experience financial distress.
The document discusses MSMEs (micro, small and medium enterprises) in India, including their importance, characteristics, barriers to growth, and strategies for growth. It notes that MSMEs employ over 60 million people and contribute significantly to India's GDP and exports. However, their share of industrial output, employment, and value of production has reduced since economic liberalization in the 1990s. The document outlines barriers to MSME growth such as access to financing and technology. It suggests strategies for organic growth like developing new products/markets/customers, and inorganic growth through mergers, acquisitions, and partnerships.
The whole data are collected from a report of SME Development in Bangladesh By East West University Bangaladesh.Some of data is deducted for present my slide easily. If you need any kind of information about SME Development in Bangladesh please search on internet get the actual data......thank u very much......assalamuwalikum owa rohmatullahi oba-rakatuh.......allah hafez
CEOs are adjusting their business strategies to focus on domestic growth opportunities from rising middle-income consumers in Asia Pacific. They are increasing investments in innovation, services, and distribution capabilities while also expanding through new partnerships with local companies. However, CEOs see human resources and research & development operations as less prepared for these strategic changes compared to other areas like marketing and customer service. The shift toward domestic-led growth is leading businesses to transform their operating models and partnerships to adapt to changing consumer preferences in Asia Pacific.
Assessing the effect of liquidity on profitability of commercial banks in kenyaAlexander Decker
This document discusses factors that affect the profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. It provides background on the banking sector in Kenya and reviews various theories on factors that influence bank profitability, including market power theory, efficiency structure theory, and the Modigliani-Miller theorem. The study aimed to determine the effect of internal factors like liquidity on the profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. It found that liquidity has a statistically significant and positive relationship with bank profitability.
A Review of the Uttarakhand’s Industrial Policies and Their PerformanceYogeshIJTSRD
In todays world, a nations economic development cannot be addressed without acknowledging industrialization. Industrial development is mostly based on the industrial profile of the particular states countries. This study reviews Uttarakhands industrial policies and their performance toward the growth of industrial units and generating new employment opportunities. The data sources of the study are published reports of Uttarakhands government departments and other secondary sources. Uttarakhand launched many industrial policies and set up SIIDCUL to develop industries SIIDCUL developed industrial infrastructure and attracted investors. The result shows that the industrial policies of Uttarakhand are favourable for the state in terms of attracting investors, generating employment opportunities, and pushing the state to an industrial hub. Industrial policies gave many tax concessions to investors and also made a single window clearance facility for investors. These industrial policies also have the intention of reviving the states sick units. The impact of these industrial policies is the contribution of the secondary sector increase in the gross state domestic product, and this sector also generated new employment opportunities in the industrial sector. Rajinder Singh | Prof. B. K. Agrawal "A Review of the Uttarakhand’s Industrial Policies and Their Performance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45077.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/45077/a-review-of-the-uttarakhand’s-industrial-policies-and-their-performance/rajinder-singh
Role of sme’s in the socio-economic stability of KPK & FATAWaqar Noor
This document discusses the role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the socioeconomic stability of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA regions of Pakistan. It finds that SMEs make substantial contributions to GDP, employment, taxes, and standards of living. However, SMEs in these regions struggle with lack of access to financing, high interest rates, and other barriers. The document recommends solutions like Islamic financing models, collateral-free leasing, entrepreneurship training, and capacity building to strengthen SME development.
Financial Structure and the Financial Performance of Quoted Consumer Goods Fi...ijtsrd
The study investigated the effect of financial structure on the financial performance of quoted consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study used profit after tax PAT to represented financial performance as the dependent variable while financial structure was disintegrated into Short Term Debt STD , Long Term Debt LTD , share capital SC and retained earnings RE as the independent variable. The data for the study were obtained from the Financial Statement and Annual Reports of the selected firms. The data set comprised fifty 50 observations comprising five year time series data spanning 2010 to 2019 from ten firms in the consumer goods sector. The panel regression technique based on Fixed and Random Effects were used for data analyses. The Hausman test showed that the Fixed Effect model is more suitable for the study. The findings revealed that STD and SC have significant positive effects on the PAT of consumer goods firms in Nigeria while LTD and RE were found to have positive but no significant effect on the PAT of consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study conclude that b working capital management is an efficient tool for the consumer goods subsector in Nigeria. Among the contributions of the study is the use of all the four sources of funds and the use of profit after tax that tends to capture the overall effect of the various fund sources on the holistic profitability of the consumer goods firms. The recommendations included use of share capital for long term investment and working capital management for operations. Daniel, Prince Chinwendu | Dr. Joseph A. Nduka "Financial Structure and the Financial Performance of Quoted Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd37967.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/37967/financial-structure-and-the-financial-performance-of-quoted-consumer-goods-firms-in-nigeria/daniel-prince-chinwendu
INFORMAL SECTOR FINANCIAL CHALLENGES: A CASE OF MANUFACTURING INFORMAL SMALL ...ectijjournal
The study made an evaluation on the financial challenges in relation to manufacturing informal enterprises
(SMEs) in Harare. The research adopted the mixed research methodology. Primary data collection tools
used were: interviews and surveys. The study’s major finding was that informal small and medium
enterprises were virtually excluded from accessing working capital formal credit from established financial
institutions due to a myriad of challenges, the key challenge being none or inadequate bookkeeping
practices. Furthermore, the study revealed that The informal SMEs contribute significantly over 60% to the
Zimbabwe’s formal economy through various taxes and informal employment. The study recommended
that Ministry of Small and Medium enterprises should provide assistance in form of formal credit basing
on according records kept by informal sector.
1) The document discusses investment rating for replanting palm oil plantation companies in Sumatra, Indonesia. It provides background on palm oil production in Indonesia and issues with aging palm oil plants.
2) It aims to determine if replanting palm oil plantations in Sumatra qualify as "investment grade" according to Moody's ratings and how to improve the rating.
3) After analysis using Moody's rating system, the results found that replanting plantations in Sumatra received a rating of "Ba3" with "medium risk," qualifying as investment grade but improvements could attract more investors by lowering the risk.
Factors Influencing the Level of Compliance with International Financial Re...Premier Publishers
Compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by Small and Medium-Scale enterprises (SMEs) has become a topical issue in accounting research, and it has become necessary in order to enhance the ability of SMEs to live up to international best business practices. SMEs are pivotal to the growth and development of any nation's economy. Many countries are opening their doors to foreign investments due to globalization and businesses are expanding beyond their national borders. Therefore, there is a need for the SME sector in Nigeria to be prepared and take advantage of this phenomenon for their growth by ensuring that their financial reports comply with the disclosure requirements of IFRS. This study assessed the factors that influence the levels of compliance with IFRS by SMEs in Ondo State, Nigeria. A cross sectional survey of one hundred SMEs in Akure was conducted through structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using Single-Factor Descriptive Analysis, Weighted Mean Scoring, Principal Component Analysis and Regression Analysis. The study found there was low level of compliance by the SMEs in the study area and major factors influencing compliance are proper accounting records submission of accounting statements to regulatory bodies and knowledge of IFRS with mean ratings of 3.29, 3.27, 3.26 and 3.24 respectively. It concluded that there is need for the SMEs in the study area to comply with the disclosure requirements of IFRS in order to improve their capitalization and profitability. It is recommended that Financial Reporting Act in Nigeria is reviewed to make compliance of SMEs with IFRS mandatory and that Financial Reporting Council should ensure proper capacity development to enable SMEs compliance.
This document summarizes a study that examined the effects of implementing International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) on public sector financial management in Nigeria. The study found that IPSAS explained about 11.2% of the variation in public sector financial management. It was statistically significant that IPSAS implementation affects public sector financial management in Nigeria. However, challenges remain in fully implementing IPSAS in Nigeria, including the costs associated with identifying government assets and providing training. The document provides background on traditional public sector accounting standards, the meaning of the public sector and public financial management, and reviews literature on IPSAS, its challenges and implementation.
Contribution of Current Assets Management to the Financial Performance of Lis...ijtsrd
The study examined the effect of current asset management on the financial performance of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study specifically determined the extent to which debtor turnover ratio, cash ratio and inventory turnover ratio affect the Earnings Per Share of listed consumer goods firms on the Nigerian Exchange Group, using causal comparative research design. Purposive sampling technique was deployed to determine the twelve 12 consumer goods firms that made up the sample participants of the study, out of a population of twenty one. Secondary data were obtained from the annual reports and accounts of the selected companies over a period of ten years which spanned from 2011 to 2020. The hypotheses formulated were tested using Ordinary Least Square technique at 5 level of significance. The findings revealed that while debtor turnover ratio and inventory turnover ratio have a positive effect on earnings per share, cash ratio negatively affects the Earnings Per Share of listed consumer goods firms on the Nigerian Exchange Group. However, the effects were not significant at 5 level. It was recommended that managers of consumer goods firms should reduce to minimal level the time it will take between sales of goods and services and the collection of cash since the performance of firms can be increased through an increment in frequency of debt collection. Gilbert Ogechukwu Nworie | Vitalis O. Moedu | Onyali, Chidiebele Innocent "Contribution of Current Assets Management to the Financial Performance of Listed Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52600.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/52600/contribution-of-current-assets-management-to-the-financial-performance-of-listed-consumer-goods-firms-in-nigeria/gilbert-ogechukwu-nworie
Exploring the Role of Technology and Internet Financial Reports on Financial ...Premier Publishers
This document explores the role of technology and internet financial reports on financial report users in Libyan financial organizations. It discusses how information technology and internet financial reports have impacted various types of financial report users, including owners and investors, management, lenders, government entities, employees, customers, and competitors. The document also examines how factors like globalization, increased internet access, and the widespread availability of digital information have led to the growth of internet financial reporting. It analyzes how internet financial reports provide benefits like reducing costs, improving timeliness of information, and enhancing transparency and communication with stakeholders. Finally, the document discusses some challenges in implementing international financial reporting standards in Libya's developing economy and accounting infrastructure.
Corporate Governance on Earnings Management in Listed Deposit Money Bank in N...ijtsrd
The increase in the manipulation of accounting records and collapse of some Nigerian Deposit Money Banks have left question in the mind of researchers on the role of corporate governance. This paper was carried out to examine the impact of corporate governance attributes on earnings management of listed Deposit Money Banks from 2009 to 2017. The study used a sample size of thirteen 13 banks. The dependent variable was measured using Discretionary Loan Loss Provision Model by Chang, Shen and Fang 2008 . Correlational design was employed the secondary data was obtained from the annual reports of the firms and Nigerian Stock Exchange website. The results from the multiple regression analysis proved that board size has positive and significant impact on earnings management board independence has negative and significant impact on earnings management while board of directors' ownership has insignificant impact on earnings management. The study concludes that effective monitoring role of independence directors will constrain the opportunistic behavior by managers. The paper therefore recommends among others that banks should increase the numbers of independent directors on the board to improve their monitoring effectiveness. Olaleye John Olatunde | Amafa Etupu Oluwafunmilayo "Corporate Governance on Earnings Management in Listed Deposit Money Bank in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29515.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/29515/corporate-governance-on-earnings-management-in-listed-deposit-money-bank-in-nigeria/olaleye-john-olatunde
Financial Literacy and Financial Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises ...ijtsrd
This document examines the relationship between financial literacy and financial performance among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos State, Nigeria. It reviews literature on key concepts like financial education, knowledge, behavior, and performance. A survey was conducted of 384 SMEs across Lagos State. Regression analysis revealed a relationship between financial literacy and performance. Specifically, SMEs in Lagos State were found to lack financial education and knowledge, have poor cash flow management and financial discipline, undermining their financial performance. The study recommends that SMEs engage accountants and financial training to improve literacy and enable better financial growth.
This document summarizes a study that assesses factors affecting budgeting processes among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the hospitality industry in Nairobi, Kenya. The study found that computerized accounting systems had the greatest impact on budgeting processes, followed by firm size, participation of workers, skills of managers, and ownership structure. Previous research also found relationships between budgeting processes and these factors. The study recommends involving workers in budgeting, separating ownership from management, improving manager skills, and prioritizing information technology to support budgeting in SMEs.
The Relevance of Working Capital, Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The development of the number of micro and small business actors in Indonesia is very fast,
but currently Micro, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises are still in the small business zone and have
limitations to be developed. This research is oriented towards examining the relevance of working capital,
literacy and financial inclusion in explaining the financial performance and business sustainability of Micro,
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. A total of 310 MSMEs spread across 26 business groups were used as
the unit of analysis of the 1,382 MSMEs in Makassar City. The results of the analysis of structural equation
modeling with AMOS show that effective and efficient working capital management makes a real contribution
to efforts to improve financial performance. On the other hand, it is an interesting fact that business actors'
financial literacy and inclusion have an impact on their low financial performance. Culinary business actors in
their implementation have high working capital so that it has an impact on the high level of business
sustainability. In a direct relationship, it is also found that business actors have financial literacy so that it is not
able to increase business sustainability. This condition is also found in financial inclusion. MSMEs are proven
to be able to produce high financial performance so that it has an impact on a high level of business
sustainability. Relevance does not directly provide evidence if high working capital is proven as a trigger for
business sustainability through financial performance. Different results are shown in the relevance of financial
literacy and financial inclusion which based on the findings are not proven as a driver of business sustainability
through financial performance.
KEYWORDS - Financial literacy, inclusion, performance, sustainability, working capital
Forensic Accounting and Integrated Financial Reporting of Banks using HausmanIJAEMSJORNAL
This study examined forensic accounting and integrated financial reporting of listed banks in Ghana. The study aimed to examine forensic accounting effects on the integrated financial reporting of the listed banks. Its specific objectives determined the impact Litigations, Claims, Fraud cases reported, Cost of forensic investigation and Non-performing loans (LCFCN) have on integrated financial reporting variables such as corporate social responsibility – CSR. Integrated financial reporting (IFR) is the dependent variable while forensic accounting (FA) is the independent variable. In line with these stated objectives, five research questions and five hypotheses were formulated and it adopted the ex-post facto research design. The population of study constitutes 24 listed banks in Ghana, only 8 listed banks was selected through a purposive sampling. The data for the study was purely secondary and sourced from related books of the banks via Central Banks bulletin (Ghana), African financials and banks reports for a period of 16years from 2004-2020. Moreover, data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, the Shapiro -Wilk test for a diagnostic check for normality and a combination of the panel regression analysis with the Hausman test which aided appropriately specification whether the analysis should be done with a fixed effect or random effect model of which the fixed effect was used for the interpretation at (P 0.050 < 0.10). In nations analyzed, the results among others demonstrated that forensic accounting and integrated financial reporting were statistically significant at 1%, 5%, and 10% as claims is positive and have significant effect on CSR (β = 64687.53, P<0.10); Non-performing loans is statistically significant and had a negative effect on CSR (β = -2.934, P= 0.054 @ 0.10). The study hence concludes that the effective implementation of forensic accounting had a constructive and significant effect on the integrated financial reporting of listed banks in Ghana. The study recommends among others that the apex banks should mandate banks to incorporate forensic accounting when reassessing their employability skill set, report production, debt administration and management, and portray fairness virtue in their reporting system so as to attract more investment and positive public image.
DETERMINANTS OF SMALL BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IN OYE LOCAL GOVERNMENT, EKITI STA...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study was design to access the factors determining the performance of small and medium
enterprises (SMEs) in Oye Local Government, Ekiti State, Nigeria. A total of one hundred (100) questionnaires
were administered to respondents of which one hundred fifty (100) were also returned.Descriptive survey design
was used for the study. The population of the study is one thousand two hundred and forty (1, 240), a sample
size of one hundred (100). From the strata, random selection technique was applied in choosing the number that
will represent the sample size. Data were generated using questionnaire. Data collected were presented in tables
and analyzed using descriptive statistical tool was used to analyze the data collected. The results of the analysis
show that both financial and technological determinants are significant while infrastructural determinants were
not. It is recommended that government should improve on the infrastructural facilities in the local government
to improve the performance of the SMEs.
KEYWORDS: SMEs, Determinants, Performances
This study is about the timeliness of financial reporting. It aims to analyse the profitability and
leverage in mediating the effect of company size on the timeliness of financial reporting of Indonesian Stock
Exchange (IDX) issuers in 2017-2019. Its population all companies listed on IDX in 2017-2019, totalling 645 in
2017, 714 in 2018 and 792 in 2019. The sample was chosen intentionally for issuers who were not on time and
simple random for issuers who were on time. The number of samples is 222, consisting of 98 who are not on
time and 124 who are on time. The data type is secondary data, collected using documentation, while the data
processing technique uses a structural equation model
Growth Implications of Managerial Finance in Business: Empirical Evidence fro...Premier Publishers
The effective management of business finance is critically dependent on the proper understanding of the interrelationships between different dimensions of financial management and growth performance of the business. This study examines the relationship between selected managerial finance functions and growth of business in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation model. The results show that all the managerial functions selected for the study are positively correlated with growth, but with varying levels of significance. The implication of the results is that, given the diversity and specialized nature of managerial finance, every dimension of management relating to financial resources should be taken seriously to ensure long-term sustainable growth of business.
triple bottom line accounting on financial performance of quoted industrial g...ijtsrd
This study examines Triple Bottom Line Accounting on Financial Performance of Quoted Industrial Goods Production firms in Nigeria. The sample comprises of 11 manufacturing firms Quoted on the Nigerian stock exchange NSE , covering the period of 2013 to 2017 five years. The combination of 11 firms for a five years period provides a balanced panel of observations for analysis using a cross sectional and ex post facto research design. Triple Bottom Line Accounting measures, are Economic cost, Social cost, and Environmental cost. Financial Performance measure was Market Value Per Share. The postulated hypotheses were tested, using ordinary least square method of Multiple Regression Analysis. The empirical results states that, the r squared of 0.38 suggest that our regression model, which regressed Triple Bottom Line Accounting indicators on Financial Performance of Quoted Industrial Goods Production Firms in Nigeria is well fitted. The outcome is 38 and the probability value of f statistics is significant at 1 supporting the credibility of the regression equation. This shows the ability of the selected explanatory variables to predict the changes that occur in Financial Performance of quoted industrial goods production firms in Nigeria. Based on the above findings, we recommend that, regulatory authorities, such as the Financial Reporting Council FRC , Nigeria Stock Exchange NSE and Securities and Exchange Commission SEC to issue out necessary compliance directives and improve their compliance monitoring mechanisms to ensure a reasonable level of compliance by all companies to present their account reports in compliance with triple bottom line accounting pattern. Laime Isaac Odogu | Pereowei Anderson Obalakumo | Timinipre Joseph Okpobo "Triple Bottom Line Accounting on Financial Performance of Quoted Industrial Goods Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31844.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/31844/triple-bottom-line-accounting-on-financial-performance-of-quoted-industrial-goods-firms-in-nigeria/laime-isaac-odogu
The Relationship between Financial Literacy Reporting and Profitability of Sm...ijtsrd
The research was carried out to empirically examine the effect of financial literacy reporting on the profitability of small scale enterprises in Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Sample of small scale enterprises in Yenagoa city of Bayelsa state was taken, Linear Regression with Ordinary Least Square was used to test the hypotheses with the aid of SPSS version 20.0. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between financial literacy reporting and profitability of small scale enterprises. The study recommended that it is evident that financial behavior is an important contributor to profitability of SMEs, and that a statewide financial literacy week campaign be instituted by ministries and agencies in collaboration with SME and well targeted at business owners in rural areas, financial institutions should observe thoroughly the type of businesses, knowledge in the type of businesses etc. before granting loans to small scale enterprises, access to finance is not necessarily a route to success for small scale enterprises but crucially, they need mentorship and business skills transfer to make the transition to becoming established in the formal sector and, in addition to other recommendations, SMEs must hire financial experts to help them manage their businesses as well as to deal with the issue of financial record keeping. Okpobo Timinipre Joseph | Dr. Odogu Laime Isaac "The Relationship between Financial Literacy Reporting and Profitability of Small and Medium Enterprises in Bayelsa State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60020.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/60020/the-relationship-between-financial-literacy-reporting-and-profitability-of-small-and-medium-enterprises-in-bayelsa-state/okpobo-timinipre-joseph
This document summarizes a research study that examined the relationship between working capital management and profitability for non-listed firms in Ghana from 2004-2009. The study used cash conversion cycles and its components (days of receivables, days of inventory, and days of payables) as measures of working capital management. Gross operating profit to total assets was used as the measure of firm performance. The results showed that profitability was negatively related to the length of the cash conversion cycle. Specifically, performance was positively affected by reducing days of receivables and days of inventory. Additionally, firm size, GDP growth, and sales growth positively impacted performance. The study suggests that managers in emerging markets should focus on effective working capital management to improve
Environmental Sustainability Accounting and the Performance of Oil and Gas Co...ijtsrd
This research paper seeks to establish Environmental sustainability Accounting and the performance of Oil and Gas Companies in Rivers State, Nigeria. To achieve the objective of the study, hypotheses were formulated, and a review of related literature was made. The hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis with the aid of E View, using a 5 level of significance. Based on the findings of this study, we conclude that the disclosure of human resources disclosure and environmental sustainability disclosure significantly affect the financial performance of oil and gas companies in Rivers State. It was recommended among others that the government should put in place suitable legislation for all companies to make adequate disclosure of their activities to the Environment, and firms should formulate and implement environmentally friendly policies. Isaac Laime Odogu | Timinipre Joseph Okpobo "Environmental Sustainability Accounting and the Performance of Oil & Gas Companies in Rivers State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50644.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/50644/environmental-sustainability-accounting-and-the-performance-of-oil-and-gas-companies-in-rivers-state-nigeria/isaac-laime-odogu
Intellectual Capital and the Financial Performance of Listed Agricultural Fir...ijtsrd
The new production system is mainly driven by technology, knowledge, expertise and relations with stakeholders which may collectively be described as Intellectual Capital. Intellectual capital of an organization is seen as assets to improving the financial performance. Against this backdrop, this paper examined the impact of intellectual capital on financial performance of listed agricultural firm in Nigeria the moderating role of staff training. The study sampled thirteen listed agricultural firms from 2015 to 2022. The ordinary least squares was employed. The result revealed that staff training has a moderating effect on the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance of listed agricultural firms in Nigeria. It was concluded and recommended that firms should carry out staff training regularly. Eke Robert I. | Ikponmwosa Julius Osazee. | Obayagbonna Edmund O. "Intellectual Capital and the Financial Performance of Listed Agricultural Firms in Nigeria: The Moderating Role of Staff Training" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-3 , June 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd57481.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/accounting-and-finance/57481/intellectual-capital-and-the-financial-performance-of-listed-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria-the-moderating-role-of-staff-training/eke-robert-i
Effect of Voluntary Disclosure on Corporate Performance of Quoted Manufacturi...ijtsrd
The objective of the study is to examine the effect of voluntary disclosure on corporate performance of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study specifically examined the effect of voluntary disclosure on ROA, ROE, and NPM. The population of the study was drawn from manufacturing firms quoted on the floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange. financial year. The study was based on secondary sources of data, collected from annual financial reports. The study used content analysis to analyse the voluntary disclosure items. The study finds that voluntary disclosure has a significant negative effect on profitability return on assets, return on equity and net profit margin . The study therefore recommends, among others, manufacturing firms to enhance voluntary disclosure based on a cost benefit analysis of such, and also, help “bridge the gap†between financial numbers and the true economics underlying the company’s transaction. Voluntary disclosure is also recommended as a medium to curtail the shenanigans of earnings management. Ikemefuna, Victor C. | Onuora, J. K. "Effect of Voluntary Disclosure on Corporate Performance of Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42600.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commanagement/accounting-and-finance/42600/effect-of-voluntary-disclosure-on-corporate-performance-of-quoted-manufacturing-companies-in-nigeria/ikemefuna-victor-c
Audit committee and timeliness of financial reportsAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that examines the relationship between audit committee characteristics and the timeliness of financial reporting for companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2007-2011. The study reviews relevant literature on agency theory, resource dependence theory, audit committees, and prior empirical research on timeliness of financial reporting. It describes how audit committee independence, expertise, size, and meetings are examined in relation to the timeliness of company financial reports. The results of the study are discussed in the document.
Similar to Effect of Accounting Records on Financial Performance of Small and Medium Industries in Nigeria (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
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Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
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2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25084 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 1121
in this era of rapid economic and technicalchange.Improved
productivity requires both capital investment as well as a
work force that has the flexibility to acquire new skills for
newly created jobs resulting from structural changes in the
economy. Bititei et al (2001) asserts that performance is a
result of workers because they providethestrongest linkage
to strategic goals of the business enterprise, Customer
satisfaction and economic contribution that affects the
business, hence it addresses the mode in which an activity is
accomplished in particular and the level of standards to
which a task is carried out within the working environment.
Meanwhile, most of the studies such like Harash (2014),
found that accounting information such as: reliability,
relevance, timeliness, and accessible have significant effects
on SMEs' performance. Olatunji (2013) results showed that
adoption of sound accountingsystem enhances performance
of small and medium scale businesses. Mwebesa, Kansiime,
Asiimwe, Mugambe and Rwego (2018) also found positive
relationship between accounting records and performance
of small and medium enterprises.Amongthesestudies,none
had been carried out in Anambra State. According to
Ikechukwu (1993), keeping records is crucial for the
successful performance of a business. A comprehensive
record keeping system makes it possible for entrepreneurs
to develop accurate and timely financial reports that show
the progress and current condition of the business. With the
financial report generated from a good recordkeeping
system, performance during one period of time (month,
quarter or year) with another period can be compared.
Based on the above development, this study therefore
determines the effect of financial records on financial
performance of small and medium industries in Anambra
State, Nigeria. Specifically to:
1. Determine whether small and medium industries keep
accounting records of their financial transactions in
Anambra state.
2. Evaluate whether sound accountingsystemsignificantly
improve the performance of small and medium
industries in Anambra State.
Review of related Literature
Financial Records
According to Ademola, Olukotun, Samuel and Ifedolapou
(2012), financial record keeping is the foundation on which
modern businesses thrive for growth and sustainability.
Meanwhile, businesses are highly depends on financial
records kept in the books of accounts showing different
transactions such as sales, purchases,income,andpayments
by an individual or organizations (Dawuda & Azeko, 2015).
For several groups to perform coherently, efficiently,
effectively and ensure profitability, they must keep financial
records (Ozotambgo, 2015; Trived & Shilpa, 2010). Good
financial records, however, can greatly improve many of the
management decisions a business owner and or manager
takes, including decisions about marketing, personnel,
borrowing, pricing, inventory, and product development
(Muchira, 2012). Such financial records include; income
statement, statement of financial position (balance sheet),
the statement of Cash flows, and the financial internal
control system records that check the accuracy of company
transactions (Ssekajugo etal., 2013).
It is believed that record keeping has a significant impact on
financial performance of a given business. For example,
Onaolapo (2014) asserts that record keeping gives
substantial information about the financial strength and
current performance of an enterprise and therefore
managers find those records useful in making decisions.
Maseko and Manyani (2011) and Amoako (2013) both
affirmed that financial record keeping and financial
transparency are inseparable. Complementarily, Muchira
(2013) agreed that good record keeping will make any
business partner or investor more aware of what is going on
in their businesses and it will save them money.
An account is simply a record of financial inflows and
outflows in relation to the respective asset, liability, income
or expense. Income and expense accounts are considered
temporary accounts, since they represent only the inflows
and outflows absorbed in the financial-position elements on
completion of the time period (Williams, Haka, Bettner, &
Carcello, 2008).
In most industries, comparability will be affected by size.
Larger firms will be able to avail themselves economic and
certain sophisticated quantitative management techniques
that may not be practicable for small ones. Smaller
companies may be able to maintain closer clientrelation and
better customer relation thanthelargerones.This difference
in operation technique may influence deficit in accounting
method employed in generating financial information
(Abdulrasheed, Khadijat & Oyebola, 2012).
Small and Medium Scale Businesses
The small businesses may not even have kept any records at
all but for tax purposes. It should be remembered that
accounting is aid to management and not an end in itself.It is
therefore only fair to expect that the smalland mediumscale
businesses would not incur costs above justified limits
(Iopev and Kwanum, 2012;Bamiduro,2003).Niswongerand
Fess (1969) insists “each system must be designed to fit the
nature of the individual enterprise, the volume of
transactions of various types, and the number and the
capacities of the personnel. Internal control in small and
medium scale enterprises may not be as detailed as those of
large companies but it should comprehensively cater to the
needs of the enterprises and users of its reports such that it
provides reasonable assurance of truthandfairness (Mbroh,
2013).
According to Wood (1979), most of smallbusinesses haveall
the information they want by merely keeping a cashbook
and having some form of records, not necessarily in double
entry system (Olaoye, 2012). This is an aberration and
requires a conversion to double entrysystem formeaningful
reporting (Onaolapo, et al. 2011). The mechanics of the
conversion involve the preparation of a statement of affairs
and estimation certain data for the updates of full set of
ledgers and henceforth a complete double entry system is
installed (Pickles & Lafferty, 1974).
According to Ademola et al (2012),Small scale enterprises
are catalysts for catalysts for world’s economic growth and
development which have dominated the industrial sector of
both developed and underdeveloped countries. Aruwa
(2006) believed that Nigeria’s industrialsectorisdominated
by small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) which
accounts for 90% in terms of number of enterprises, as
compared with other developed countries where more than
98% of all their enterprises belong toSME sector, about80%
of the total industrial labour force in Japan is SME, 50% in
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25084 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 1122
Germany, 46% in USA are employed in smaller firms.Central
Bank of Nigeria defined small scale enterprises as all
businesses with a total assets investment of less than one
million, an annual turnover of less than one million andwith
a total number of employees of less than fifty (World Bank
Mapping 2001). In addition, the International Finance
Corporation (IFC) andCorporateAffairsCommissionin 2001
further justified that Nigeria’s industrial sectorisdominated
by SMEs, estimated to be about 90% of the sector employing
less than 50% of the people (HPACI 2002). Given the place
occupied by the SMEs in Nigeria’s industrial sector, it is
expected that the success of the Nigerian economy would be
partly dependent on the success of the SMEs. Nwoye (1991)
pointed out clearly that SMEs are catalysts for Nigeria’s
economic growth and development. He believe that through
so many SMEs, Nigeria has great potentials for success and
growth, sales of large volume of goods etc. Even though,
some of them have adequate capital,manyof themfaildue to
poor financial management operations (Ezejofor et al,2014).
Controls may have to depend on thecloseinvolvementofthe
owners in the management of the business and to extent of
their integrity. This calls for an adaptation of accounting
systems to need of these businesses (Abeygunasekera &
Fonseka, 2013). According to Morries (2007) Small
businesses have some inherent disadvantageous
characteristics that will require that they be provided with
public supports. Such characteristics, apart from limited
managerial capabilities, include lack of economies of scale,
lack of collective voice and influence on policy, frequent
cases of market failures and/or biases against small
businesses, weak financial capacity to undertake R$D or the
costly support services such as Business Development
Service (BDS), and huge knowledge gaps (most small
business promoters don’t know what they need to know but
which they don’t know). When these public supports arenot
available, chances of failure can be very strong.
Empirical Review
Quite number of studies had been carried out on accounting
records and performance of small and medium enterprises
in Nigeria and beyond. The relationship betweenaccounting
Information systems and SMEs performance was conducted
by Harash (2014), who testedtheinfluenceof characteristics
enjoyed bythe accounting informationin determining SMEs'
performance. It was found that the characteristics enjoyed
by the accounting information such as: reliability, relevance,
timeliness, and accessible have significant effects on the use
of AIS and SMEs' performance.
According to Oladejo (2008), the achievement of the firm’s
objectives is greatly influenced by the application of
accounting records. Most businesses in Nigeria still are not
aware of the importance and benefits of accounting records.
It is found that accounting records are faced with some
challenges which are inadequate infrastructural facilities,
inability of most business firms to demand accounting
systems adequate to them for their needs, lack of
standardized professional body in accounting records and
also local firms are been threatened by developed countries
that are enjoying the full benefits of accounting records. He
concluded that accounting records has contributed
immensely to the unprecedented rate in the growth of small
businesses in identifying the expenses, income, and profit
and loss of a firm at the end of an accounting year.
Okoli (2011) links proper record keepingandprofitability of
small scale enterprises. In a study of 148 respondents in
Nigeria (Enugu), and assert that due to inadequate record
keeping, the small scale operators could not assess their
performances effectively. He argues that inorderto enhance
the profitability of small scale enterprises and their
continuity, there is need for adequate record keeping which
will help the proprietors to keep track of the performance of
these enterprises. Mensah et al. (2007) states that a
significant number of enterprises in their survey kept no
records pertaining to operations, finance, audited accounts,
tax returns, and so on. Until recently, all the micro and small
enterprise could not receive credit from the banks and
promotionalinstitutions on grounds thattheformalbanking
sector considered them a high risk area, and hence charged
them high cost for borrowed funds fromthebanks.Ezejiofor,
Ezenyirimba and Olise (2014) determined the contributions
of accounting records in efficient performance of smallscale
business. Two hypotheses were formulated in line with the
objectives of the study.Surveymethodwas adoptedand data
were collected through the use of questionnaire. Data
generated were analyzed with means, standard deviation
and weighted value and the hypotheses formulated were
tested using Z-test statistical technique. ThestudyfoundThe
training of accountants by these institution and the various
professional institutes shouldfocus moreonpracticalmeans
of solving accounts reporting needs of small and medium
scale enterprises; and that government should provide
adequate financial assistance, this is because if there is
adequate financial support, moreunemployed Nigerians will
engage in small scale enterprises therebygain theirmeans of
living easily than looking for unavailable while collar job.
Olatunji (2013) examined the impact of sound accounting
system on corporate performanceof smalland medium scale
enterprises. This was done by a survey carried out through
questionnaire and analyzed using the F-Statistic (ANOVA).
Results showed that adoption of sound accounting system
enhances performance of small and medium scale
businesses. Mwebesa, Kansiime, Asiimwe, Mugambe and
Rwego (2018) carried out study in three rural districts of
Rubirizi, Kasese and Rukungiri in Western Uganda with the
aim of determining the effects of financial record keeping on
financial performance of Development groups. A total of 99
respondents were obtained from 33 development groups.
Data were entered in Epi data 3.1 and descriptive and
correlational analyses were done using SPSS version 21.
Using the Likert scale with five categories from strongly
agree to strongly disagree, a mean value of 3.5 indicated a
strong agreement to the questions asked. Findings revealed
a significant positive relationship between the financial
record keeping and financial performance.
Emad (2017) describedthe effects of accountinginformation
system (AIS) on the accounting performance of Small and
medium enterprises (SMEs). The results show a positive
relationship between the AISand accountingperformancein
Iraqi SMEs.
Methodology
The population for the study consists of small and medium
industries in Anambra State. The researchers used
judgmental sampling technique to select one hundred and
seventy six representatives to other small and medium
industries in Anambra State.
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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Method of Data Analysis
The questionnaires were analysed and hypotheses
formulated for the study were tested with the Univariate
Analysis of Variance (UAV) for opinion differences,usingthe
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0
software package.
Software Description
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) is a software
solution utilized in data analysis after carefullyinputtingthe
variables used in the study.
Decision Rule:
Using SPSS, 5% is consideredanormalsignificance level.The
accept reject criterion was based on the computed F-Value.
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Analysis of Data
Table 1: showing mean ratings on accounting records on small and medium industries in Anambra State.
S/N Women has influence on Mean Decision
1 SMIs always keeps records of their transactions 3.98 Accept
2 A times SMIs seek the service of an expert 3.56 Accept
3 SMIs uses accounting records to monitor the strength and weakness of their transactions 3.34 Accept
4 Accounting records is being kept in SMIs 3.13 Accept
5 Accounting professionals usually provide professional advice to SMIs 2.39 Reject
6 Sound accounting helps SMIs in debt management 2.15 Reject
7 There is a records for financial asset of SMIs 2.36 Reject
8 Sound accounting record has influence on SMIs income 3.67 Accept
9 Sound accounting system gives insight on the cash flow 2.86 Reject
10 Sound accounting system helps SMIs in their tax assessment 2.67 Reject
Average Mean Ratings 3.01 Accept
Source: Field Survey, (2019)
Findings on table 5 above shows that, items 1 – 4, 8 with mean ratings of 3.98, 3.56, 3.34, 3.13, and 3.367 are accepted as
household decision women are involved during decision making in homes, while item 5-7, 9 and 10 are rejected considering
the mean ratings of 2.39, 2.15, 2.36, 2.86, and 2.67 as decisions women do notcontribution when household decisions arebeing
taken.
Test of Hypotheses
Table 2: Univariate Analysis of Variances
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Source Type III Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 759.675a 213 3.567 3.946 .000
Intercept 581.093 1 581.093 642.848 .000
HYPOTHESIS1 14.237 11 1.294 1.432 .178
HYPOTHESIS11 6.964 13 1.536 1.593 .852
HYPOTHESIS1 * 45.818 23 1.066 1.179 .265
Error 65.083 32 .904
Total 4135.000 176
Corrected Total 824.759 175
a. R Squared = .921 (Adjusted R Squared = .688)
Hypothesis One
H01: Small and medium industries do not keep accounting
records of their financial transactions in Anambra state.
In table 2 above, (F value =1.43 and Sig value =0 .18) thus,
indicating that there is a significant difference and alternate
hypothesis is accepted while null hypothesis is rejected.
Therefore, the Smallandmediumindustrieskeepaccounting
records of their financial transactions in Anambra state.
Hypothesis Two
H02: Sound accounting system does not significantly
improve the performance of small and medium industries in
Anambra State.
Decision: In table 2 above, the result obtainedindicates that
there is a significant difference at ‘F’, value =1.593 and ‘Sig’,
value = .852) thus, alternative hypothesis is accepted while
null hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, sound accounting
system has significantly improved the performance of small
and medium industries in Anambra State.
Interaction Effect of the Hypotheses
Hypothesis 1 and Hypothesis 11
From table 2 above result indicates that hypothesis one
interacted with hypothesis two and there was a significant
interaction effect between the two hypotheses at point
[F=1.18], [Sig=0.23], therefore the adoption of the two
hypotheses: the small and medium industries keep
accounting records of their financial transactions in
Anambra state and thesoundaccountingsystemof smalland
medium industries in Anambra State will simultaneously
influence the financial performance of small and medium
industries in Anambra State.
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25084 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 1124
Conclusion and Recommendations
Accounting records plays a vital role in the growth and
performance of SMIs to strive. However, the small and
medium industries keepaccountingrecords of theirfinancial
transactions and the sound accounting system of small and
medium industries in Anambra State will simultaneously
influence the financial performance of small and medium
industries in Anambra State. Accounting records may not
only influence high performancetotheindustries,itcan flags
up some vital activities that can lead to higher goals of the
industries.
Efficiency of accounting records ensures that all levels of
management get true information, sufficient enough for
planning and increases the control and enhances the
accounting performance in small and medium industries.
Based on this, it recommended that the cost of operating
sound accounting system should be minimized in order to
encourage the adoption of in small and medium industries in
the State. More effort should be allocated to accounting
records for effective performance of small and medium
industries.
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