Detailed study on education of dalits and tribals

1. EDUCATION OF DALITS
AND TRIBALS
SREELAKSHMY P S
BEd NATURAL SCIENCE

3. INTRODUCTION
 Hindu religion is divided into 4
1. Brahmins – Teachers and priests
2. Kshatriyas – Rulers & warriors
3. Vaishyas – Traders
4. Shudras – Servants
 It is further divided into many smaller castes or jatis
 2 groups left outside the caste system
1. DALITS
2. ADIVASIS

4. DALITS AND TRIBALS
DALITS
• originally called as Untouchables
• Renamed as Harijans ( Children of
God ) by Mahatma Gandhi
• Now called as Scheduled Castes.
ADIVASIS OR TRIBALS
• Known as Scheduled Tribes

5. Problems faced by Sc & St
• They face problems at school, society and state.
1. SCHOOL LEVEL
• Poor access to quality institutions
• Biases and prejudices
• Negative attitude of teachers
• Difficulty to communicate & understand the
medium of teaching
• Difficulty to adjust and identity with majority
groups of the school.

6. 2. SOCIAL LEVEL
• Other castes keep them at a distance.
• Social level problems further divided into
economic, religious, public and political
problems
• Religious- denied right to enter the
temple.
• Economic – denied economy and
property ownership
• restrictions at the occupational choice
• some are termed as landless labourers

7. 3. EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
• Sanskrit education is denied
• In some places general education is
also denied.
• Due to lack of education they have to
do some polluting jobs like manual
scavenging or waste picking.
• They are ostracised both in urban and
rural centres.
• Due to lack of education Dalits &
Tribal are still physically and
economically harassed.

8. • Craig Jeffrey (2004)
“Even though young Dalit men
receive education and may grow up
with a sense of dignity and
confidence in their village they are
not able to convert this earned
cultural capital into secure
employment”.
• This has led to reproductive crisis.

9. • In 1850s SCs and STs have experienced consistent denial to education
• During British rule welfare and education of Harijans were neglected
• 19th century Christian Missionaries brought many programmes of
welfare and education
• After Independence Indian government established many welfare and
developmental programmes
• Establishment of educational institutions exclusively for the tribals
and Dalits.

10. Constitutional provisions
1. Article 15(4) – state should make special provisions for the advance
ment of any specially and educationally backward group
2. Article 15(5) – allows the state to make special provisions for
backward classes or SCs or STs for admission in private educational
institutions , aided or unaided.
3. Article 16(4) – allows state to reserve vacancies in public services
for any backward classes of the state that are not adequately
represented in public services.
4. Article 16(4B) – allows state to consider unfilled vacancies reserved
for backward class as a separate class of vacancies not subject to a
limit of 50% reservation.

11. 5. Article 17 – abolished untouchability
and it’s practice in any form.
6. Article 335 – allows relaxation in
qualifying marks for admission in
educational institutions.

12. Special schemes In education
1. Relaxed norms for opening schools in tribal habitations
2. Abolition of tuition fee in government schools in all states up to
elementary level.
3. Provision for free textbooks, uniforms, stationary and school bags
etc
4. Mid day meal scheme or PM POSHAN
5. Premetric and postmetric scholarships
6. Scheme of hostels
7. Reservation of seats in higher education including technical and
management institutes.

13. 8. Relaxation in the minimum
qualifying cut off percentage for
admission to University colleges and
technical institutions.
9. Remedial and special coaching for
SC/ST students to improve their
academic skills and linguistic
proficiency and raise their level of
comprehension.
10. Coaching and allied schemes to
students through Pre Examination
Training Centers (PETC)

16. Solutions
• Creating awareness to the rights of
these people through posters, street
plays , short films etc
• Educating all and give strict
punishment to those who go against
the rules given to SCs and STs.
• Teachers have to address these
issues in the class and check and
regulate discrimination in the class
level itself.

17. Conclusion
• Dalits & Tribals
• Problems faced by them
• Constitutional provisions
• Special schemes
• Solutions