Unit 03: Education and Training in Islamic System

1. Unit 03: Education and Training in
Islamic System
Dr Daniyal Mushtaq
merri786@hotmail.com

2. Objectives
• Concept of Education and Training in Islam
• Nature of Education and Training in Islam
• Need and importance of Education and Training in
Islam
• Sources of knowledge in Islam
• Theory of learning in Islam
• The distinction of above concepts on other
philosophies.

3. Concept of Education in General
• The term education has been derived from two Latin words’
Educare and Educere
• Educare means to nourish , to bring up and to raise while
Educere means to lead, to draw
• According to John Dewey, education is the development of
all those capacities in the individual which will enable him
to control his environment and fulfill his responsibilities
• Pestalozzi regards education as natural, harmonious and
progressive development of man’s innate powers
• Plato says, a good education consists in giving to the body
and to the soul all the beauty and all the perfection of which
they are capable

4. Concept of Training in General
• Definition of training
The action of teaching a person or animal a particular
skill or type of behavior is called training
• Education is an art of training
– Education is a conscious purpose to train the children for
fulfilling the responsibilities of adult life.
– Animals are also trained by imitating the actions of the
adults but in their training the purpose is neither conscious
nor well designed

5. Concept of Education and Training in
Islam
• The meaning of education in Islam is used in the
term of Tarbiyyah, Talim and Tadib taken
together
• The Arabs use the word “Tadib” means
“refinement or discipline” for what we call
education and an educator is called “Muaddib”
means the one who teaches manner or discipline
• In Arabic the word tarbiha “Education” is
derived from the root raba-yarbu meaning to
grow or to increase.

6. Concept of Education and Training in
Islam
• Imam Abu Hanifa;
– education means understanding of what make or mars a soul
– Learning something without its application is meaningless.
– help someone distinguish between right and wrong.
– Education aims to teach a right way to think and live
• Zarnuji on education
– Knowledge is a quality which illuminates the mind
– Education provides insights into the secret of learning and methods of
treatment
– Purpose is to attain the pleasure and goodwill of Allah Almighty and win
eternal life
• Ibn e sina point of view
• Ikhwan on education

7. Concept of Education and Training in
Islam
• Ibn-e-Sina’s point of view
– Education is an action to get benefit of knowledge in earning
one’s livelihood
– Aim of education is to polish up one’s soul
• Ikhwan on education
– Polishing up the gems of the soul and correct its habits in
order to enable it to live eternity
– Knowledge which does not help the soul to get better place in
life to come is of no use
– The soul can actualize itself through education

8. Concept of Education and Training in Islam
• Definition of Islamic Education
– Education transmits the revealed and acquired
knowledge to the younger generation in order to prepare
them for life
– Enable them to discharge their duties to Allah on this
earth with the soul aim of achieving success here and
hereafter
• According to Siddiqui. A. H.(1985);
– Education should inculcate the spirit of religion and
enable man to lead a pious and righteous life and protect
his outlook culture and civilization and resolve the
problem of his life according to the teaching of Islam

9. Nature of Education and Training In
General
The nature of education is two-fold;
– Enabling the child to have self-realization and
individual development.
– Enabling the child to have civic efficiency and
social development.

10. Nature of Education and Training in
Islam
1) Confirmation and consolidation of faith in the
supreme creator
2) Integration of faith and knowledge in terms of their
implications and applications
3) Improvement towards the making of a useful member
of the family society and the Islamic community.
4) Identification of the needs and problems of society.
5) Preparation of Muslims for multiple roles in society.

11. Nature of Education and Training in
Islam
In an Islamic society the nature of education is;
• Education enables a man to earn an honest, just and
reasonable living
• Education caters to the economic, social, scientific
and technological needs of the community
• Education should have a practical and vocational bias
so that everyone is able to attain economic stability
and social independence.

12. Need and Importance of Education and Training
• Character formation of man
• Developing the innate powers of children
• Development of balanced personality
• Preparation of child for adult life
• Developing social consciousness in child
• Developing good citizenship
• Promoting social reforms and progress

13. Needs and importance of education and
training in Islam
The first revelation of the Holy Quran begins as:
“ Read! Read in the name of thy Lord and cherisher, who created
man, who created man out of a clot of congealed blood. Read
thy Lord is most bountiful. He who taught the man that which
he knew not (surah alaq)”.
According to Sunnah:
Ans reported that the messenger of Allah said: he who goes out in
the search of knowledge, he is in the path of Allah till he
returns

14. Sources of knowledge in Islam
We get all of our knowledge, whether it is about
material things or non-material things, living
being or the non-living, human being or animals
from four main sources:
1) Sensory Organs
2) Intellect
3) Intuition
4) Inspiration or Revelation or Wahy.

15. Theory of learning in Islam
• According to Gage, “the process whereby an
organism changes its behavior more or less
permanently as a result of experience.”
• Kingsley and Grag (1957) conveys a sense of
intangibility which is forbidding to some
students. A theory normally provides both
explanations of phenomena and guidelines for
action.

16. Theory of learning
• There are two main theories of learning
– Connectionist/Behaviorist/Associative or S-R
Theories
– Cognitive/Gestalt/Purpose/Organismic/Field/S-O-
R Theories

17. Theory of Learning in Islam
• Islam prefers learning through insight
• Learning theories
– Conditioning
– Trial and error
– Initiation
– Reasoning