This document discusses key components of research, including the purpose statement, research questions, and hypotheses. It provides examples of qualitative and quantitative purpose statements and explains how purpose statements indicate what a study aims to accomplish. It also gives examples of quantitative and qualitative research questions and describes the components of good research questions. Finally, it defines hypotheses, describes different types of hypotheses, and lists characteristics of a good hypothesis.

1. RESEARCH PURPOSES, RESEARCH
QUESTION, HYPOTHESIS
FITRI HIDAYATI OKTAFIANA (22216251001)
RISKIATI MAULINA (22216251003)
SITI FATIMATUS ZAHRAH (22216251004)
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2. It could be part of the presentation
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3. Contents of This Presentation
Here’s what you’ll find in this Presentation:
1. Definition of Research Purpose
a) Qualitative Purpose Statement
b) Quantitative Purpose Statement
2. Qualitative Research Questions
3. Quantitative Research Questions
4. Hypothesis
5. Conclusion

4. According to Locke, Spirduso, and
Silverman (2013)
The purpose statement indicates
why you want to conduct the
study and what you intend to
accomplish.

5. RESEARCH PURPOSE

6. RESEARCH PURPOSE
Qualitative Purpose
Statement
Quantitative Purpose
Statement

7. Hello!
Quantitative purpose statement script can include these ideas:
The purpose of this ___________ (experiment? survey?) study is (was? will be?)
to test the theory of ___________ that ___________ (describes outcomes) or
___________ (compares? relates?) the ___________ (independent variable) to
___________ (dependent variable), controlling for ___________ (mediating or
moderating variables) for ___________ (participants) at ___________ (the
research site). The independent variable(s) ___________ will be defined as
___________ (provide a definition). The dependent variable(s) will be defined as
___________ (provide a definition), and the intervening variable(s),
___________, (identify the intervening variables) will be defined as
___________(provide a definition).

8. Hello!
Here is a script that should be helpful in drafting a complete statement.
The purpose (or study aim) of this ___________ (strategy of inquiry, such as
ethnography, case study, or other type) study is (was? will be?) to ___________
(understand? explore? develop? generate? discover?) the ___________ (central
phenomenon being studied) for ___________ (the participants, such as the
individual, groups, organization) at ___________ (research site). At this stage in
the research, the ___________ (central phenomenon being studied) will be
generally defined as ___________ (provide a general definition).

9. Research
Question(s)

10. Research Question(s) in a Quantitative Or
Qualitative
(?)
The research
question in a
quantitative or
qualitative study
narrows the
purpose down to
a specific
question for the
researcher to
find answers.
Quantitative
Does
Organizational
commitment
affect college
completion of
students?
Qualitative
What kinds
of
Experiences
Have
students had
While
Completing
their degree?

11. Queries about the relationship/s among variables
that the researcher aims to uncover
Frequently used in social science research and
especially in survey studies
The following are components of a good
quantitative research questions:

12. Predictions the researcher makes about the
expected outcomes of relationships among variables
Are numeric estimates of population values based on
the data gathered from samples
The following are components of a good
quantitative hypothesis:

13. example of a script for a
quantitative/qualitative research question
What is the frequency and
variation of scores on
____________(name the
variable) for
______________(participants)
in the study?
Quan
Does _________ (name the theory)
explain the relationship between
_________ (independent variable)
and _________ (dependent
variable), controlling for the
effects of _________ (mediating
variable)?
Qual

14. Variables in Quantitative Research
Independent Variables
Predictor Variables
Dependent Variable
Outcomes Variable

15. HYPOTHESIS

16. DEFINITION HYPHOTHESIS
Sudjana (2005:219) states
that a hypothesis is an
assumption about things
that are made for
something that is often
done to check.

17. Ha
The working
hypothesis, also
known as the
alternative hypothesis
(Ha),
TYPE OF
HYPOTHESIS
H0
The null hypothesis
(Ho) is often called the
null hypothesis or
statistical hypothesis
because it is usually
used in statistical
research.

18. Forms of Research Hypotheses
Descriptive
Hypothesis
Associative
Hypothesis
Comparative
Hypothesis

19. Hypothesis Test
Two Tailed Test One Tail Test
● Uji Pihak Kiri ● Uji Pihak Kanan

20. Two Errors in Hypothesis Testing
Type I error
Type 2 error

21. Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis
It is an estimate of the state of the
independent variable, a comparison
of the state of the variables in
various samples, and is an
assumption about the relationship
between two or more variables.
Stated in clear sentences, so as not
to cause various interpretations
Can be tested with data collected
by scientific methods.

22. Conclusion
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23. CONCLUSION
 The purpose statement, research
questions, hypotheses, help a
researcher to focus on what he is
studying about. With this focus
comes a clearer understanding
of what to do. Not all forms of
study have all components nor
are all components always
required. The point is that
attention to these details will
help in the success of a study.

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