The nervous system has two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord and coordinates sensation, movement, and automatic processes. The PNS has motor and sensory divisions and connects the CNS to the rest of the body. Within the nervous system are neurons that transmit electrochemical signals to control bodily functions like digestion, breathing, and movement. Disorders can occur if these signals are disrupted by injury, tumors, or conditions like epilepsy.

1. NERVOUS SYSTEM BY
EDNA , ROSELINE AND
MIRIAM

2. content
 introduction of nervous system
 Organization of nervous system
 Nervous tissues.
 Ascending tract and descending tract

3. INTRODUCTION
 Nervous system is;
A physically connected network of cells,
tissues and organs that allow us to communicate
with and react to the environment and perform life
activities.

4. PRIMARY FUNCTIONS OF
NERVOUS SYSTEM
 Sensations [such as touch or hearing].
 Movement, balance and coordination.
 Sleep
 Hunger, thirst, and digestion.
 Stress and body responses too stress

5. TWO TYPES OF NERVOUS
SYSTEM

6. CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM [CNS]
 The central nervous system consists of ;
o BRAIN and SPINAL CORD ,
o It also recieves,interprates an d sends
information signal's to PNS.

8. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM [pns]
 The peripheral nervous system- is made
of nerves that branch off the spinal cord
and extend to all parts of the body .
 Its also a communication lines between
CNS and the rest of the body.

9. Divisions of PNS
1. sensory division
2. Motor division

10. MOTOR DIVISION

11.  Cont.
 Somatic nervous system[voluntary]
.Controls skeletal muscles.
 Autonomic nervous system[involuntary]
.Regulates smooth muscles, cardiac and
glands.

12. CONT..
 Subdivisions:
 SYMPATHETIC:
 Fight and flight
 Activated during emergencies, exercise or vigorous
physical activity .
 PARASYMPATHETIC:
 Rest and digest.
 Reduces energy use
 promotes :
 .storage of energy.
 .Elimination of wastes and homeostasis

14. THE SPINAL CORD
 GREY MATTER;
. mostly made up of cell bodies of neuron
.they creates a horn like structure throughout the inside of the
spinal cord
 WHITE MATTER;
.composed of nerve fibers [ascending and descending tracts]
.They make up[ the surrounding sections of the spinal cord.
.

16. THE NEURONS
 Dendrites receive signals.
 The cell body integrates signals.
 The axon transmits action potential,
 The myelin sheath makes the signal travel
faster.

18. Types of neurons
 Motor neuron-carry impulses from cns to
muscles and glands.
 Sensory neuron-carry impulses from sensory
receptors to cns

20. Nervous tissue
 Neurons [nerve cells]
 Functional unit of the nervous system
 they Transmit message.
 Anatomy ;
 Cell body- contains nucleus ;metabolic center.
 Dendrite-fiber that conveys message towards cell body .
 Axon- conduct nerve impulses away from the cell body
 Axon terminals –end of axon ;contains
neurotransmitters and release them

22. Functions of cranial system
(parts)

23. Optic nerve - transmits information to the
brain regarding persons vision.

24. Oculomotor nerve -
helps to control muscle
movement of the eye

25. Trachlear- allows the eye to point
downward and inward

26. Abducens nerve-
control eye
movement

27. Trigeminal nerve

28. Facial nerve- moment
of muscles that
produces facial
expression and taste.

30. Glossopharyngeal nerve -
receives information from
the throat, middle ear and
back of the tongue which
helps in the sensation of the
taste.

31. Vagus nerve- provide
movement of the
throat and soft palate.

32. Accessory nerve - allows
person to rotate,extend
and flex the neck and
shoulder.

33. Hypoglossal nerve -
supplies the tongue
muscles.

34.  Disorders and discriptions
 injury head caused by a blunt trauma to
the head or a break in the skull
 tumor Brain -they are non cancerous
 Migrain headache - increased blood
flow to the brain.
 Cerebrovascular - interruption of
blood to the brain. Caused by
hemorrhage or blood clot.
 Epilepsy - seizures
 Bell's palsy - paralysis of the facial.
 Signs and symptoms
 Bleading, swelling, increased intracranial
pressure.
 It depends on the location of tumor which
exerts pressure on surrounding tissue.
 Throbbing sensation
 Severe head pain
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Numbness,alters mental status and loss of
muscle coordination.
 Grand Mal
 Petit Mal.
 A person may not be able to open an eye or

35. Interrelations of nervous
system with other systems
Respiratory system
 Parasympathetic system slows your
breathing rate, it causes your bronchial
tubes to narrow and pulmonary blood
vessels to widen.

36. Cardiovascular system
- the circulatory system brings
nutrients and oxygen to the
nervous system and moves
hormones

37. Musculoskeletal system
 The motor neuron releases a
chemical, which is picked up by
the muscle fibre. This signals
the muscle fibre to construct,
which makes the muscle to
move.

38. Lymphatic system
 Nerves modify the function of lymphatic system in three
ways;
a. By modifying the rate of lymph formation.
b. By modulating the contractility of the collecting ducts.
c. By changing the way in which lymph is modified in it's
passage through lymph nodes.

39. Digestive system
 The autonomic nervous system controls the tone of
digestive tract.
 Brain controls drinking and feeding behavior.
 The digestive system sends sensory information to the
brain.

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