Editing of Collected Data

1. EDITING OF COLLECTEDEDITING OF COLLECTED
DATADATA

2. MEANING OF EDITING OFMEANING OF EDITING OF
COLLECTED DATACOLLECTED DATA
After the collection of data , the chief
objective is to detect the possible mistakes
and errors. This is called ‘Editing of
Collected Data.’
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3. PROCESS OF EDITINGPROCESS OF EDITING
i. SYSTEMATIZATION
ii. CONSISTENCY
iii. HOMOGENEITY
iv. COMPLETENESS
v. ACCURACY
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4. APPROXIMATIONAPPROXIMATION
 Large and difficult nos. are approximated.
 In approximation first unit value is
approximated, then tens, hundreds & so
on.
 In figures of decimal last part should be
approximated.
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5. ADVANTAGES OFADVANTAGES OF
APPROXIMATIONAPPROXIMATION
i. LARGE FIGURES BECOME
EASY
ii. FACILITATES MATHEMATICAL
CALCULATION
iii. PROVIDES COMPARATIVE
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6. METHODS OFMETHODS OF
APPROXIMATIONAPPROXIMATION
i. BY DISCARDING FIGURES
ii. BY ADDING FIGURES
iii. TO THE NEAREST ROUND FIGURES
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7. MEANING OF STATISTICALMEANING OF STATISTICAL
ERRORERROR
In the words of Dr. Boddington, “the
difference between actual value and
assumed value, obtained by approximation
or any other method, is called statistical
error”.
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8. SOURCES OF ERRORSOURCES OF ERROR
i. ERRORS OF ORIGIN
ii. ERRORS OF INADEQUACY
iii. ERROR OF INTERPRETATION
iv. ERRORS OF MANIPULATION
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9. i) ERRORS OF ORIGIN
It comes into existence at the time of collecting data.
Following are the causes of errors:
i. Inappropriate Definitions Of Statistical Units
ii. Bias Of Enumerators
iii. Too Much Approximation
iv. Defective Questionnaire
v. Wrong Information
vi. Lack Of Perfect Knowledge
vii. Complex Nature Of Enquiry
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10. ii) ERRORS OF INADEQUACY
 Errors which arise due to sampling
technique.
 A small sample conveys incomplete
information & as a result error
arises.
 Eg. Studying 2 units out of 50,000
units in a universe.
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11. iii) ERROR OF
INTERPRETATION
 If people are not careful or take biased
decisions while analysing the data ,
then the given result is not correct.
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12. iv) ERRORS OF
MANIPULATION
 Errors arises due to too much
approximation.
 Defects in calculations, counting,
measurement, classification , etc. also
gives birth to errors.
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13. KINDS OF ERRORSKINDS OF ERRORS
i. BIASED ERRORS:
 The error which arises due to the nature of
enumerator or informant.
 Also known as cumulative errors.
 The errors occur due to the following
reasons:
a) Bias Of Enumerators
b) Bias Of Informants
c) Defects Of Measurement
d) Defects Of Sampling
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14. ii) UNBIASED ERRORS
 The errors which arises due to
carelessness and mistakes in collection
of data.
 Also known as ‘Compensatory Errors’.
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15. METHODS OF MEASURINGMETHODS OF MEASURING
ERRORERROR
i. ABSOLUTE ERRORS
ii. RELATIVE ERROR
iii. PERCENTAGE ERROR
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16. i) ABSOLUTE ERRORS
 It is the difference between actual value
& estimated value.
 It may be positive or negative.
 Absolute value = actual Value –
estimated
value
 A.E. = A - E
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17. ii) RELATIVE ERROR
 The ratio of absolute error & estimated
value .
 Relative Error = Absolute Error
Estimated Value
 R.E. = A - E
E
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18. iii) PERCENTAGE ERROR
 Relative error when multiplied by 100
 Relative Error = Absolute Error x
100
Estimated Value
 P.E. = A - E x 100
E
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19. FORMULAES TO CALCULATE
ERRORS
 According to Prof. Boddington:-
1. WHEN ERROR IS BIASED
Total A.E. = Average A.E. x N
Where , A.E. = Absolute Error
N = total units in enquiry
Relative Error = Average A.E. x N
Estimated Value
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20. 2. WHEN ERROR IS UNBIASED
Total A.E. = Average A.E. x √N
Where , A.E. = Absolute Error
N = total units in enquiry
Relative Error = Average A.E. × √N
Estimated Value
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21. EDITING OF SECONDARYEDITING OF SECONDARY
DATADATA
The following points should be kept in mind:
1. Sources Of Data
2. Aims Of Original Enquiry
3. Nature & Scope Of Enquiry
4. Units Of Measurement
5. Degree Of Accuracy
6. Ability & Integrity Of Enumerators & Informants
7. Aims & Time Of Original Enquiry
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