This document summarizes key concepts about ecosystems. It defines an ecosystem as a community of interacting organisms and their environment, and classifies ecosystems into three types: terrestrial, aquatic, and man-made. It describes the biotic components of ecosystems as including producers, consumers, omnivores, carnivores, and herbivores. The abiotic components include inorganic substances, climatic factors, and organic substances. Ecosystems have three main functions: primary production through photosynthesis, distributing energy to consumers, and cycling materials through food webs, food chains, and the flow of energy and matter.

1. SEMINAR ON
“ECOSYSTEM; CONCEPTS, STRUCTURE
& FUNCTIONS”
Anina Jose

2. INDEX
1. Introduction…................................................... 3
2. Ecosystem; concept………………………………. 4-5
3. Ecosystem; Structure…………………………… 6
4. Ecosystem; Function…………………………….. 7
5. Conclusion……………………………………………... 8
6. Reference………………………………………………. 9
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3. INTRODUCTION
 Environment consists of both biotic components (living
organisms) & abiotic components (non living organisms)
 The living components interacts with non living components
for their basic requirements form different ecosystem
 Ecosystem is the basic functional unit of ecology
.
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4. ECOSYSTEM : CONCEPTS
A group of organisms interacting among themselves
and with environment is known as ECOSYSTEM
Thus an ECOSYSTEM is a community of different
species interacting with one another & with their non
living environment exchanging energy & matter

5. .
Based on habitat, ECOSYSTEM can be classified into 3 types
1. TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM
 Related to land (e.g. Grassland ecosystem, forest ecosystem)
2. AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM
 Related to water (e.g. Sea, rivers, streams )
3. MAN MADE OR ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEM
 Maintained by man itself (e.g. croplands, gardens)
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6. ECOSYSTEM
Biotic
Components
Producers consumers
Omnivores
Carnivores
Herbivores
Decomposers
Abiotic
Components
Inorganic
substance
Climatic
factors
Organic
substance
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7. FUNCTIONS OF ECOSYSTEM
3 Types of Functions
1. PRIMARY FUNCTION
• Manufacture of starch ( photosynthesis)
2. SECONDARY FUNCTION
• Distribution of energy in the form of food to all consumers
3. TERTIARY FUNCTION
• Cycling (e.g. Energy flow, food web, food chain, food
pyramid)
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8. CONCLUSION
• ECOSYSTEM is a Complex relationship between the
living organisms, habitats & resources of a given
area
• Balance of an ecosystem is important. So work to
provide a good living environment.
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9. REFERENCE
• https://www.britannica.com › science › ecosystem
• https://www.slideshare.net › saravanamani1 › ecosystem
• https://www.nationalgeographic.org › encyclopedia ›
ecosystem
• https://globalchange.umich.edu › globalchange1 › current ›
lectures › kling
• eschooltoday.com › ecosystems › what-is-an-ecosystem
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10. THANK YOU
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