Bangladesh Studies----- Chapter Name: Economic planning in Bangladesh

1. Bangladesh Studies
EconomicPlanningin Bangladesh
Reference Books:
1. Constitutional Law: Barrister Halim
2. Secondary Economics: NCTB
3. Bangladesh Studies: Md. Shamsul Kabir Khan
4. Bangladesh Economics(Bangla Version): Akmol Mahmud
5. The Economics of Development and Planning: ML Jhingan

2. Economic planning
According to Professor H.D. Dickinson, economic planning is- “the making of major economic
decisions- what and how much to be produced and to whom it is to be allocated by the
conscious decision of a determinate authority, on the basis of comprehensive survey of the
economic system as a whole”
Mrs. Barbara Wotton defines economic planning as the conscious and deliberate selection of
priorities of economic activities by some public authority.
According to above description economic planning comprises three elements-
• Achieving definite targets and objectives with in specified period of time.
• Acquiring wealth and proper utilization of it.
• Determination of appropriate control mechanism in respect of acquiring wealth and proper
utilization of it.

3. Necessities of economic planning in Bangladesh economy
1. Economic development
2. Proper utilization of resources
3. Promotes national income
4. Improves standard of living
5. Reduces in equality of income
6. Raises food production
7. Reduction of unemployment
8. Preparation of ground for market economy
9. Establishment of new industries for increasing production
10. Expansion of trade

4. Types of economic plan
On the basis of period of plan, economic planning may be classified into three
categories-
1. Short term plan: Short term economic plan formulate for the purpose of
achieving definite economic targets and objectives within one year or less period of
time. For example- fixation of GDP growth rate at a particular year to achieve.
2. Midterm plan: Midterm economic plan formulate for the purpose of achieving
definite economic targets and objectives within five years or more period of time. For
example- Padma bridge project.
3. Long term plan: Long term economic plan formulate for the purpose of
achieving definite economic targets and objectives within 10, 15, 20, 25 years. For
example- vision-2021.

5. Vision-2021
The government is committed to building a country whose citizens are able to live prosperous
and happy lives. The year 2021 will mark the golden jubilee of Bangladesh’s independence,
while the year 2020 will be the hundredth anniversary of the birth of the father of the nation,
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
We envision a democratic system where people choose their government freely and get
services from it without hassle, enjoy freedom from fear and intolerance, live with dignity;
where every citizen is assured of social justice, environmental protection, human rights and
equal opportunities; and where the rule of law and good governance flourish. We envision a
liberal, progressive and democratic welfare State. Simultaneously we envision a Bangladesh
which by 2020/2021, will be a middle income country where poverty will be drastically
reduced where, our citizens will be able to meet every basic need and where development
will be on fast track, with ever-increasing rates of inclusive growth.

6. Thevision forBangladesh in 2021 is composed of eightgoals
To be a true democracy
To have a publicly accountable and transparent government
To be a middle-income country
To be a more equitable society
To have skilled, creative and healthy people
To offer necessary infrastructure to be a regional hub
To be environmentally sustainable
To be effectively integrated in the regional and the global economy

7. Bangladesh as we want to see it in 2021
1. Democracy and effective parliament
2. Political framework, decentralization of power & people’s participation
3. Good governance through establishing rule of law and avoiding political partisanship
4. Transformation of political culture
5. A society free from corruption
6. Empowerment and equal rights for women
7. Economic development & initiative
i. Meeting basic needs
ii. Population and labor force (Continued..)

8. iii. Alleviation of poverty
iv. Food & nutrition
v. Health care
vi. Education
vii. Industry
viii. Energy security
ix. Infrastructural development
x. Housing
xi. Environment
xii. Water resources
8. Bangladesh in the global arena
I. Achievements of liberation
II. Culture
III. Foreign policy

9. Population of Bangladesh
CausesofhighrateofpopulationincreaseinBangladesh
A. Social causes
i. Lack of education
ii. Social superstitions
iii. Absence of liberty of female
population
iv. Absence of recreation facilities
v. High mortality rate of children
vi. Marriage at under age
B. Economic causes
i. Poverty
ii. Low standard of living
iii. Agricultural economy
iv. Expectation of security in old age
v. Lack of dependable birth control
methods

10. Demerits of increase in population
A. Bad effects on society
1) Low standard of living
2) Malnutrition
3) Housing problem
4) Obstruction to human resource
development
5) Pollution of environment
B. Bad effects on economy
1) Increase of unemployment
2) Food deficit
3) Increase in the prices of goods
and services
4) Dependence on foreign aid
5) Subdivision and fragmentation of
holdings
6) Problem of capital formation
7) Problems of international trade
8) Loss of benefit of economic
development

11. Measurestosolve population problemin Bangladesh
1. Economic development
2. Spread of education
3. Spread of female education
4. Proper distribution of wealth
5. Multiple employments
6. Redistribution of population
7. Transfer of population internationally
8. Promulgation of law
9. Family planning

12. Needfor humanresource traininganddevelopment in Bangladesh
1. Increase in production
2. Increasing employment
3. Synonymy of economic development and Human Resource Development (HRD)
4. Reducing inequality of income distribution
5. Export of human resource
6. Solution of population problem