Tourism can have both positive and negative economic impacts on host countries. Positively, it generates foreign exchange earnings, contributes to government revenues through taxes, creates employment opportunities both directly and indirectly, stimulates investment in infrastructure that benefits local communities, and contributes to local economies. However, it also causes leakage when profits flow out of the local economy, enables enclave tourism that does not benefit local businesses, increases infrastructure costs for governments, raises prices for local residents, risks economic dependence on the tourism industry, and creates seasonal jobs. The economic impacts are complex and countries must manage tourism development carefully.
Differentiate the difference among direct, indirect, induced, and dynamic impacts of tourism on the economy;Identify the positive and negative impacts of tourism on the economy.
Join the Food Health Education Pub and SUBSCRIBE! My videos includes creative artwork, educational, health videos and much more.
SUBSCRIBE HERE:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJGIUBHMmFmj9BqG7N0kUNg?view_as=public
JOIN US ON FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/Food-Health-Edu-109744533798479/
A discussion of how economic development and tourism are related, areas of conflict and how economic development and tourism practitioners can support each other from my presentation to the Economic Developers Association of Canada.
Definition, Dimensions, and Determinants of Tourism Impacts. Define impacts; enumerate and discuss the various dimensions of tourism impacts; enumerate and discuss the various determinants of tourism impacts.
Differentiate the difference among direct, indirect, induced, and dynamic impacts of tourism on the economy;Identify the positive and negative impacts of tourism on the economy.
Join the Food Health Education Pub and SUBSCRIBE! My videos includes creative artwork, educational, health videos and much more.
SUBSCRIBE HERE:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJGIUBHMmFmj9BqG7N0kUNg?view_as=public
JOIN US ON FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/Food-Health-Edu-109744533798479/
A discussion of how economic development and tourism are related, areas of conflict and how economic development and tourism practitioners can support each other from my presentation to the Economic Developers Association of Canada.
Definition, Dimensions, and Determinants of Tourism Impacts. Define impacts; enumerate and discuss the various dimensions of tourism impacts; enumerate and discuss the various determinants of tourism impacts.
Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours.
What is international tourism?
• Tourism is the generic term used to cover both demand and
supply that has been adopted in a variety of forms and used
throughout the world. International tourism essentially
refers to the activities undertaken by visitors, also known
as the visitor economy. The tourism industry encompasses
all activity that takes place within the visitor economy.
• This includes activities that are directly related to the
tourist, such as staying in a hotel, ordering a meal or
visiting a tourist attraction. It also includes indirect
activities, such as the transport company which delivers
the food to the restaurant in which the tourist eats or the
laundry company that has a contract with the hotel for
cleaning bed sheets.
• It is largely due to the indirect contributions to tourism,
that defining and measuring the tourism industry is so
difficult!
International tourism definitions
• Tourism is a phenomenon with no universally accepted
definition, owing to the complexity and individualism of
the travellers themselves and the activities that they
choose to undertake.
• The most widely utilised definition of tourism, proposed
by the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and United States
(UN) Nations Statistics Division (1994), prescribes that
in order to qualify as a tourist one must travel and remain
in a place outside of their usual residential environment
for not more than one consecutive year for leisure,
business or other purposes.
• Matheison and Wall (1982) on the other hand, do not impose
a timeframe, simply stating that one must travel to a
destination temporarily.
• Leiper (1979) believed that defining tourism is more
complex than this, proposing that there are three
approaches that can be taken. The economic stance focuses
on tourism as a business, the technical stance focusses on
the tourist in order to provide a common basis by which to
collect data and the holistic stance attempts to include
the entire essence of the subject.
• The Cambridge Dictionary define tourism quite simply as;
‘the business of providing services such as transport,
Financial Management IPage 2 of 2Individual PresentationsChereCheek752
Financial Management I Page 2 of 2
Individual Presentations
Caribbean Economic Development
Instructions:
Students are to select two Caribbean nations to compare and contrast. Power point Presentation should be only fifteen (15) minutes long.
Tourism Industry: Strategy for Growth and Development
1. explain the term tourism – international and domestic
2. identify the linkages across the economy with tourism
agriculture, transport, attractions (tourism multiplier concept)
3. evaluate the negatives behind the current tourism models on the region
4. assess the contribution of tourism to the region’s growth and development
Content:
1. Tourism - definition and meaning
2. Tourism multiplier linkages – foreign exchange, employment, all the direct and indirect gains
3. Costs of tourism – environmental, social (gambling, prostitution, HIV/AIDS, tourism
harassment)
4. Community tourism vs all-inclusive model of tourism other tourism niche areas (eco-tourism)
GUIDELINES FOR Presentations
The following governing conditions apply to the Presentation:
· The title page is to include the following in the order specified:
1/ Name of Education Institution (at top of page)
2/ Title of Course and Course code
3/ Name of Students and ID numbers
4/ Title of Project
5/ Date submitted
6/ Name of Lecturer.
· Reference page (APA Format)
· Font Size: No less than 18 pt.
· Font Style: Times New Roman
End of Assignment
CARIBBEAN ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
ECON 3501
UNIT 9 –TOURISM INDUSTRY: STRATEGY FOR GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT
RESOURCE MATERIALS
Levitt, Kari; Witter, Michael (1996). The Critical Tradition of Caribbean
Political Economy: The Legacy of George Beckford. Kingston. Ian
Randle Publishers
Beckford; George (2000) Persistent Poverty; Underdevelopment in the
Plantation Economies of the Third World. UWI Press.
Todaro Michael & Smith Stephen; C. (2011) 11 th Ed. Economic
Development. Pearson Education & Addison- Wesley
Bhagwati Jagdish (2004). In Defence of Globalization, Oxford University
Press
Blackman; Courtney. (2005). The Practice of Economic Management:
Caribbean Perspective Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers
United Nations- UNDP, Human Development Report. World Bank-
World Development Report
2
TOURISM
Tourism is a collection of activities, services and industries which
deliver a travel experience comprising transportation,
accommodation, eating and drinking establishments, retail
shops, entertainment businesses and other hospitality services
provided for individuals or groups traveling away from home.
Tourism is different from travel.
In order for tourism to happen, there must be a displacement:
an individual has to travel, using any type of means of
transportation (he might even travel on foot: nowadays, it is
often the case for poorer societies, and happens even in more
developed ones, and concerns pilgrims, hikers etc.).
3
TOURISM
Tourist - A visitor who travels to a country other than that ...
Problems and Prospects of Border Trade between North east India and BangladeshSwarnima Tiwari
Abstract: Though trade between India and Bangladesh forms only a small part of the total trade, enhancing bilateral trade is of high importance to both countries. For India, increase in trade with Bangladesh would help to address many concerns of economic isolation of its backward north eastern states and generate new market opportunities for small-scale producers from the impoverished hinterlands of eastern states. For Bangladesh, wider areas of cooperation, investment and allied development opportunities will be thrown open with greater trade openness with India. Moreover, both India and Bangladesh has long-standing commitments toward regional economic cooperation in South Asia, of which their bilateral trade is a significant part. Bilateral economic relation between India and Bangladesh has grown since the latter got independence in 1971, albeit at a slow pace. Ups and downs in the political relations between the two countries have had a strong bearing on development of their economic ties. In recent years, both countries have registered good growth rates and have made significant progress in social development. Bilateral trade has also grown, as a result of open economic policy outlook of both countries. Among South East Asian countries, Bangladesh is the largest trading partner of India, with total bilateral trade crossing US$ 5.5 billion in the year 20122. The two-way trade flow between them was US$ 1.08 billion in year 2002. This puts the annual average growth in trade at about 4.7 percent. The present paper tries to highlight the problems and prospects of border trade for North-East India and Bangladesh as a part of India’s look east policy.
Key words: India’s look East Policy, Bilateral trade, South-East Asia, look-East Policy
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. Economic Impact of Tourism
• The tourism industry generates substantial economic
benefits to both host countries and tourists' home
countries.
• Especially in developing countries, one of the
primary motivations for a region to promote itself as
a tourism destination is the expected economic
improvement.
• As with other impacts, this massive economic
development brings along both positive and negative
consequences.
3. Economic Impact of Tourism
• According to the World Tourism Organization:
• 698 million people traveled to a foreign country in
2000, spending more US$ 478 billion.
• International tourism receipts combined with passenger
transport currently total more than US$ 575 billion -
making tourism the world's number one export earner,
ahead of automotive products, chemicals, petroleum
and food.
4. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM
• There are many hidden costs to tourism, which can have
unfavourable economic effects on the host community.
• Often rich countries are better able to profit from tourism
than poor ones.
• Whereas the least developed countries have the most
urgent need for income, employment and general rise of
the standard of living by means of tourism, they are least
able to realize these benefits.
• Among the reasons for this are large-scale transfer of
tourism revenues out of the host country and exclusion of
local businesses and products.
5. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Leakage
• The direct income for an area is the amount of tourist
expenditure that remains locally after taxes, profits, and
wages are paid outside the area and after imports are
purchased; these subtracted amounts are called leakage.
• In most all-inclusive package tours, about 80% of travellers'
expenditures go to the airlines, hotels and other
international companies, and not to local businesses or
workers.
• In addition, significant amounts of income actually retained
at destination level can leave again through leakage.
6. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Leakage
• A study of tourism 'leakage' in Thailand estimated
that 70% of all money spent by tourists ended up
leaving Thailand
• Estimates for other Third World countries range
from 80% in the Caribbean to 40% in India.
8. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Leakage
• There are two main ways that leakage occurs:
Import leakage
• This commonly occurs when tourists demand standards of
equipment, food, and other products that the host country cannot
supply.
• Especially in LEDC’s, food and drinks must often be imported, since
local products are not up to the hotel's (i.e. tourist's) standards or
the country simply doesn't have a supplying industry.
• Much of the income from tourism expenditures leaves the country
again to pay for these imports.
• The average import-related leakage for most developing countries
today is between 40% and 50% of gross tourism earnings for small
economies and between 10% and 20% for most advanced and
diversified economies.
9. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Leakage
Export leakage
• TNC's have a substantial share in the export leakage.
• Often, especially in poor developing destinations, they are
the only ones that possess the necessary capital to invest in
the construction of tourism infrastructure and facilities.
• As a consequence of this, an export leakage arises when
overseas investors who finance the resorts and hotels take
their profits back to their country of origin.
10. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Enclave tourism
• Local businesses often see their chances to earn income
from tourists severely reduced by the creation of "all-
inclusive" vacation packages.
• When tourists remain for their entire stay at the same
cruise ship or resort, which provides everything they need
and where they will make all their expenditures, not much
opportunity is left for local people to profit from tourism.
• All-inclusive hotels generate the largest amount of revenue
but their impact on the economy is smaller per dollar of
revenue than other accommodation types.
• All-inclusives also import more and employed fewer people
per dollar of revenue than other hotels.
• Smaller trickle-down effect on local economies.
11. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Enclave tourism
• The cruise ship industry provides another example
of economic enclave tourism.
• Non-river cruises carried some 8.7 million
international passengers in 1999.
• On many ships, especially in the Caribbean, guests
are encouraged to spend most of their time and
money on board, and opportunities to spend in
some ports are closely managed and restricted.
12. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Infrastructure cost
• Tourism development can cost the local government and
local taxpayers a great deal of money.
• Developers may want the government to improve the
airport, roads and other infrastructure, and possibly to
provide tax breaks and other financial advantages, which
are costly activities for the government.
• Public resources spent on subsidized infrastructure or tax
breaks may reduce government investment in other critical
areas such as education and health.
13. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Increase in prices
• Increasing demand for basic services and goods
from tourists will often cause price hikes that
negatively affect local residents whose income does
not increase proportionately.
• Tourism development and the related rise in real
estate demand may dramatically increase building
costs and land values.
• This makes it more difficult for local people to meet
their basic daily needs.
14. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Economic dependence of the local community
on tourism
• Diversification in an economy is a sign of health, however if a
country or region becomes dependent for its economic survival upon
one industry, it can put major stress upon this industry as well as the
people involved to perform well.
• Many countries, especially developing countries with little ability to
explore other resources, have embraced tourism as a way to boost
the economy.
• In The Gambia, for instance, 30% of the workforce depends directly
or indirectly on tourism. In small island developing states,
percentages can range from 83% in the Maldives to 21% in the
Seychelles and 34% in Jamaica
• Over-reliance on tourism carries risks to tourism-dependent
economies. Economic recession, the impacts of natural disasters
such as tropical storms and changing tourism patterns can all have a
devastating effect.
15. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Seasonal character of jobs
Problems that seasonal workers face include:
• job (and therefore income) insecurity
• no guarantee of employment from one season to the
next
• difficulties in getting training, employment-related
medical benefits, and recognition of their experience
• unsatisfactory housing and working conditions.
16. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
1. Leakage
2. Enclave tourism
3. Infrastructure cost
4. Increase in prices
5. Economic dependence
6. Seasonal character of jobs
17. POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Foreign exchange earnings
• Tourism expenditures generate income to the host
economy and can stimulate the investment necessary to
finance growth in other economic sectors.
• Some countries seek to accelerate this growth by requiring
visitors to bring in a certain amount of foreign currency for
each day of their stay.
• An important indicator of the role of international tourism
is its generation of foreign exchange earnings.
• Tourism is one of the top five export categories for as many
as 83% of countries and is a main source of foreign
exchange earnings for at least 38% of countries.
18. POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Contribution to government revenues
• Direct contributions are generated by taxes on
incomes from tourism employment and tourism
businesses, and by direct levies on tourists such as
departure taxes.
• Indirect contributions come from taxes and duties
levied on goods and services supplied to tourists.
• The WTO estimates that travel and tourism's direct,
indirect, and personal tax contribution worldwide
was over US$ 800 billion in 1998 - a figure it expects
to double by 2010.
19. POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Employment generation
• The rapid expansion of international tourism has led
to significant employment creation.
• For example, the hotel accommodation sector alone
provided around 11.3 million jobs worldwide in 1995.
• Tourism can generate jobs directly through hotels,
restaurants, nightclubs, taxis, and souvenir sales, and
indirectly through the supply of goods and services
needed by tourism-related businesses.
• Tourism supports some 7% of the world's workers.
20. POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Stimulation of infrastructure investment
• Tourism can induce the local government to
make infrastructure improvements such as
better water and sewage systems, roads,
electricity, telephone and public transport
networks
• This can can improve the quality of life for
residents as well as facilitate tourism.
21. POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
Contribution to local economies
• As the environment is a basic component of the tourism industry's
assets, tourism revenues are often used to measure the economic
value of protected areas.
• Other local revenues that are not easily quantified, as not all tourist
expenditures are formally registered.
• Money is earned from tourism through informal employment (e.g.
street vendors, informal guides, rickshaw drivers)
• The positive side of informal employment is that the money is
returned to the local economy, and has a great multiplier effect as it
is spent over and over again.
• The WTO estimates that tourism generates an indirect contribution
equal to 100% of direct tourism expenditures.
22. POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TOURISM:
1. Foreign exchange earnings
2. Contributions to government revenues
3. Employment generation
4. Infrastructure investment
5. Contribution to local economies