To revitalize the economy in Eurozone, different monetary and fiscal policies have been considered and implemented. In the presentation, we also suggested our monetary and fiscal policies for year 2015 based. This slides were presented for professor Daniel Fernandez Kranz's Managerial Economics at IE Business School MBA.
A very balanced presentation covering each and every aspect of eurozone economic crisis. A thorough analysis from the start of European Union formation and the further development of the problem of crisis. Also, effect on Indian Economy is pondered upon to make it good piece of word.
I hope it will fulfil everyone's need.
Eurozone Crisis : A case study on GreeceAniket Pant
Our group was required to do a presentation for Financial Management on the Euro Zone Crisis. We took the example of Greece and did the study. Here are our slides.
A very balanced presentation covering each and every aspect of eurozone economic crisis. A thorough analysis from the start of European Union formation and the further development of the problem of crisis. Also, effect on Indian Economy is pondered upon to make it good piece of word.
I hope it will fulfil everyone's need.
Eurozone Crisis : A case study on GreeceAniket Pant
Our group was required to do a presentation for Financial Management on the Euro Zone Crisis. We took the example of Greece and did the study. Here are our slides.
An attempt to cover different facets of ESD Crisis . Following ppt enumerate how it all got started and draws out rationale behind the formation of EU.
Project on Greece Crisis and Impact for Economic Environment of Business Renzil D'cruz
: Project on Greece Crisis and Impact for Economic Environment of Business
• financial crisis of 2007–2008
• Greek government-debt crisis
• Causes for deteriorated economic
• Tax evasion and corruption
• Unsustainable and accelerating debt-to-GDP ratios
• Impact of the Greece Economic Crisis on India
India’s Crisis Responses and Challenges
This presentation explores the causes of the European debt crisis, timeline of the crisis, its extent, how it is being addressed, who is to blamed for the crisis and how it affects us.
This presentation analyzes the sources of the eurozone crisis, policy responses, and solutions. It also shows a debt sustainability analysis for Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
Presentation delivered by prof. Michael Bordo during mBank-CASE Seminar 130 "Lessons Learned for Monetary Policy from the Recent Crisis" (03.03.2014)
See more on our website: http://www.case-research.eu/en/node/58431
An attempt to cover different facets of ESD Crisis . Following ppt enumerate how it all got started and draws out rationale behind the formation of EU.
Project on Greece Crisis and Impact for Economic Environment of Business Renzil D'cruz
: Project on Greece Crisis and Impact for Economic Environment of Business
• financial crisis of 2007–2008
• Greek government-debt crisis
• Causes for deteriorated economic
• Tax evasion and corruption
• Unsustainable and accelerating debt-to-GDP ratios
• Impact of the Greece Economic Crisis on India
India’s Crisis Responses and Challenges
This presentation explores the causes of the European debt crisis, timeline of the crisis, its extent, how it is being addressed, who is to blamed for the crisis and how it affects us.
This presentation analyzes the sources of the eurozone crisis, policy responses, and solutions. It also shows a debt sustainability analysis for Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
Presentation delivered by prof. Michael Bordo during mBank-CASE Seminar 130 "Lessons Learned for Monetary Policy from the Recent Crisis" (03.03.2014)
See more on our website: http://www.case-research.eu/en/node/58431
Non Market Business Strategy Analysis for Crown CasinoHooJin Yoon
Because the non-market(and players in it) like the government, NGOs, international relationships, laws and regulations always affect the market strategy for every firms, we actively and preemptively consider the non market factors. The presentation is about Crown Casino's non-market strategy (Presented in Professor Daniel Justin Blake's Business, Government and Society course in IE Business School MBA)
School project
Objective: To change the brand image of L'Occitane from old and aging to vibrant and young. This project aimed at understanding the alignment of brand and communication strategies.
Global economics presentation. China'a role in the global economy. The presentation consists of Background,
GDP, Trade, Bad Publicity, Wages & Financial, and Economic Growth
Service marketing in real world ice bar madridHooJin Yoon
Applying framworks and tools from IE Business School Professor Teresa Recio's Service Marketing Course to the real world practice; the Ice Bar Madrid. It's a very interesting project as we actually apply the essential business principals to a relatively small business but a big companies often appeared in the case studies. Thus, it was more tangible and down-to-earth. Hope it can give a different business perspective to the owners in the SMB service industry.
Analysis on Kiehl's Marketing & ExecutionHooJin Yoon
To acheive a solid brand positioning, the execution in line with the brand strategy is essential. Kiehl's has a very clear brand promise yet -we thought- somewhat fail to deliver its brand promise to the consumer in Spain(Madrid). This gap between the expectation and perception weakens its brand positioning. The slide is presented for professor Teresa Recio's Marketing Management at IE Business School MBA.
Analysis UBER's strategy.
1. Define the problem UBER has tried to solve. (from both supplier and consumer's points of view)
2. Transportation industry(Taxi) before UBER
3. How UBER business actually works
4. Their international strategy
5. Five forces analysis
6. Challenges and suggestions
Sample university project on economics and politics. No guarantee against inaccuracy or misstatements. The slide deck offers an example of how a group of undergraduate students tackled an open-ended question and structured a deliverable.
The presentation was delivered during a seminar co-organized on September 29th, 2014 by CASE and IMF by dr. Emil Stavrev, a Deputy Division Chief at the Multilateral Surveillance Division of the IMF Research Department, which led the work on the 2014 Spillover Report.
See more on our webiste: http://www.case-research.eu/en/node/58689
Lekcija: Eirozonas ekonomika un monetārā politika (ENG)Latvijas Banka
Prezentācijā apskatītas šādas tēmas:
Eirozonas ekonomikas aktualitātes.
Eiro zonas monetārās politikas galvenais mērķis – cenu stabilitāte.
Cenu stabilitāte un inflācija.
Monetārās politikas transmisijas mehānisms un Eiropas Centrālās bankas ietekme uz makroekonomiskajiem rādītājiem.
Monetārās politikas praktiskā īstenošana eiro zonā: monetārās politikas īstenošanas pamatprincipi, instrumenti.
Lekcija: Eirozonas ekonomika un monetārā politikaLatvijas Banka
Prezentācija (angļu valodā) izmantota lekcijā Latvijas Universitātē 2017. gada 3. aprīlī.
Prezentācijā apskatītas šādas tēmas:
• Eirozonas ekonomikas aktualitātes.
• Eiro zonas monetārās politikas galvenais mērķis – cenu stabilitāte.
• Cenu stabilitāte un inflācija.
• Monetārās politikas transmisijas mehānisms un Eiropas Centrālās bankas ietekme uz makroekonomiskajiem rādītājiem.
• Monetārās politikas praktiskā īstenošana eiro zonā: monetārās politikas īstenošanas pamatprincipi, instrumenti.
Lekcija: Eirozonas ekonomika un monetārā politika (ENG)Latvijas Banka
Prezentācijā apskatītas šādas tēmas:
Eirozonas ekonomikas aktualitātes.
Eiro zonas monetārās politikas galvenais mērķis – cenu stabilitāte.
Cenu stabilitāte un inflācija.
Monetārās politikas transmisijas mehānisms un Eiropas Centrālās bankas ietekme uz makroekonomiskajiem rādītājiem.
Monetārās politikas praktiskā īstenošana eiro zonā: monetārās politikas īstenošanas pamatprincipi, instrumenti.
The Wind of Change: Economic and Financial OutlookLatvijas Banka
Presentation by Governor of Latvijas Banka and member of the Governing Council of the European Central Bank Mārtiņš Kazāks during discussion on Latvia's economic developments in Brussels.
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
4. GDP
OECD 1.8%
Euro Area 0.8%
U.S. 2.2%
UNEMPLOYMENT
OECD 7.9%
Euro Area 11.9%
U.S. 7.4%
FISCAL BALANCE
OECD -3.9%
Euro Area -2.6%
U.S. -5.1%
INFLATION
OECD 1.5%
Euro Area 1%
U.S. 1.6%
2014
Source : Eurostat
6. Background of Financial Crisis
Eurozone US
Regional imbalances intensified
and leverage in some euro area
Member States became
excessive.
Risks to government debt
sustainability, which lies at the
heart of the sovereign debt crisis
in a number of euro area
countries, but also elsewhere.
In the United States, balance
sheet problems lay with
households, following the housing
and credit boom.
Financial panic that gripped
capital markets worldwide after
the collapse of Lehman Brothers.
Source: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/art2_mb201205en_pp95-112en.pdf?83cb7037d4b11ad7bab69a4dd31e0c06
7. Organizational Structure of Monetary & Fiscal Policies
Eurozone (19 countries) US
European
Central Bank
19 different
countries
U.S.
Government
Supported by
19 former
central banks
Monetary Fiscal Fiscal
Federal
Reserve
7 Boards of
governors
Monetary
Federal Open
Market Committee
Federal
Reserve Bank
8. Fiscal & Monetary Policies
Policies Tools/Strategies Examples of Action
Fiscal
Tax Cut
Government
Spending
Transfer Payment
Austerity
Structural Reform
Deficit Reduction
Monetary
Interest Rate
Reserve Ratio
Open Market
Operation
Lowering Interest Rate
Operation Twist
Long Term Refinancing Program
Quantitative Easing
9. Fiscal Policies in Eurozone and US
20152010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austerity
Lehman
Brothers
bankruptcy
2009
EURO
ZONE
US
Deficit Reduction
Transfer
Payment
($800B)
Extend
Tax-cut
“Tax Relief
Act”
Fiscal
Cliff
Increase
the
tax
Avoided Structural Reform
Greater
Flexibility
in the Stability
and Growth
Pact
10. Monetary Policies in Eurozone and US
20152010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Lehman
Brothers
bankruptcy
Operation
Twist 1
Operation
Twist 2
Long Term
Refinancing
Program
Outright
Monetary
Transaction
Securities
Market
Program
Troubled
Asset
Relief
Program
Lowering
Interest
Rate
Lowering
Interest
Rate
2009
EURO
ZONE
US QE3
$1.6T
QE1
$1.73T
QE2
$0.6T
“Whatever it takes”
QE
$1.2T
Source: Economist, http://www.project-syndicate.org
11. What is QE(Quantitative Easing)?
1
Central bank creates
money
2
to buy bonds from financial
institutions
3
which reduces interest rates
%
5
…so they spend more and
create jobs…
$
4
leading business and people
to borrow more
6
to boost the economy
$
Source : BBC, http://www.project-syndicate.org
12. Result in US and Eurozone
OECD
Euro Area
U.S.
Source : Eurostat
13. Policy Proposal for Eurozone
QE
Benefits
• Lower long-term
interest rates
• Causes currencies
depreciation
• Ease credit crunches
• Raises equity prices
Drawbacks
• Most firms in EU borrow
money from banks
(*Most firms in US issue and
sell bonds to finance)
• Long-term interest
rate has already
been very low
• Structure
(19 countries vs. 1 US)
14. 3. Long-term Fiscal Investment
• Subside education
program
• Healthcare
• Regenerate fiscal space
• Population balance
• Generate confidence
among C,I,G sectors
1.Fair Distribution
• Buy bonds in relation to the outstanding
debt of each country (Greece)
• Improve immigration policy to promote
mobility of jobs in Eurozone
2. Tax Restructuring
• Consumers: Shift income tax
to consumption tax
• Biz: Investment tax credit
• Households: Giving a tax credit
for mortgage interest payment
Policy Proposal for Eurozone
15. Monetary Policy could work only with a fiscal policy synergy to
Keep euro zone together
Editor's Notes
Eurozone: Consists of 19 countries that have adopted the Euro as their official currency. All Eurozone courtiers are European Union´s members, but not all EUM´s are Euro countries (think about England and Denmark). Other EU states (except for Denmark and the United Kingdom) are obliged to join once they meet the criteria to do so.
They are represented in the Eurogroup, which is formed by the Finance Ministers of the euro countries. TMonetary policy of the zone is the responsibility of the European Central Bank (ECB) which is governed by a president and a board of the heads of national central banks. http://www.eesc.europa.eu/resources/toolip/img-thumb/2011/09/22/smact-logo-800-extra_large.jpg
The size of the Euro Area (EU 28 countries, EZ 19 countries, USA 1 country)
Population EU: 506 million, EZ: 335 million, USA: 316 million
GDP: EU 17.9 USD trillion; EZ 12.7 USD Trillion; USA 16.8 trillion.
GDP in World percentage: EU 21%, EZ 12.1%, USA 16.5%
GDP per cápita: EU: 35,440 USD; EZ 39,400 USD; USA 53,000 usd.
http://databank.worldbank.org/data/views/reports/chart.aspx#
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD/countries/EU-US-XC?display=graph
Please fix the data
Are we comparing the same year data?
This is first slide of question 2. Before we talk about the fiscal & monetary policies of Eurozone & US, we will briefly explain about the background of current economic crisis in Eurozone and US.
Yes, we can say the trigger for current economic crisis in both region was so called sub-prime mortgage crisis from US.
However, the process and the destination of crisis in both region were different as above.
As you know well, the organizational structures of two regions were different from the origin. As a result, both monetary and fiscal policies in Eurozone have been very limited compare to US.
Let’s briefly look through the basic concept of fiscal and monetary policies.
Fiscal policy is the means by which a government adjusts its spending level and tax rates to monitor and influence a nation’s economy.
For example, the government increase transfer payment which includes welfare, social security, and subsidies for certain business. Opposite example of transfer payment can be Austerity policy.
Monetary policy is the process by which the monetary authority of a country controls the supply of money.
Let’s look through some important fiscal policies implemented in Eurozone and US from 2009 to now.
The fiscal policies in both regions have been very different because they have different problem and different organizational structure.
In Eurozone, Austerity and Structural reform policies were requested and conducted more or less since they targeted to reduce the governmental debt.
Yet, in the US, tools were more likely to increase the aggregate demand directly.
Both region lowered interest rate when the crisis occurred. Yet, following monetary policies have been different in two regions.
In Eurozone, ECB has been more focused on policies about fixing the interest rate to make business sector to borrow money easily. Yet, it didn’t work well since banks were reluctant to lend money to business.
In US, FED implemented policies both on fixing the interest rate and on changing the quantity of money in circulation.
(Click)
Like Quantitative Easing which is unconventional tool of monetary policy, buying and selling long-term bonds to supply money now.
ECB President Draghi announced that Eurozone will implement Quantitative Easing from upcoming March, too.
Amita - Started in US from March 2009
Quantitative easing (QE) is monetary policy used by a central bank to stimulate an economy when standard monetary policy has become ineffective. A central bank implements quantitative easing by buying specified amounts of financial assets from commercial banks and other private institutions, thus raising the prices of those financial assets and lowering their yield, while simultaneously increasing the monetary base. This differs from the more usual policy of buying or selling short-term government bonds in order to keep interbank interest rates at a specified target value. ( You can also look up for details on page 556 of Economics book)
Another point - The way QE operates The banks have their reserves kept electronically in the Fed reserve. Before 2008 the fed did not provide any interest on the excess reserve ( reserve kept at Fed - minimum reserve required to be kept at Fed). After 2008 they provided some interest on excess reserve which incentived the banks to not spend/lend all of their reserves at Fed. Thus it kept inflation low (inflation did not shoot up)
illustrates by the following reference - http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/the-inflationary-risk-of-us-commercial-bank-reserves-by-martin-feldstein#kPVBRqBBRRexhDDO.99
Amita-The measures taken by Fed and Euro zone’s central bank have thus led to above trends. Due to measures such as QE taken by Fed we have seen improvement in the desired inflation of US, reduction of employment and GDP growth in US. However since the fiscal (austerity, high fiscal deficit/debt) and monetary measures (central bank lends to lower banks but these banks not willing to lend to consumers or have very high interest rate leading to credit crunch) of the Euro zone have been relatively ineffective the problems of low inflation, and high unemployment persist in Euro zone. Euro zone recently initiated QE and it has led to build up of positive expectations in Euro zone.