For educational purposes.

1. TOPIC: Echinacea
Name: Muhammad Haider Ali
Roll No:43

2. Introduction:
 Found in eastern and central North America.
 They grow in moist and open wooded areas.
 It has ten species which are commonly called coneflowers.
 Fluid extracts of Echinacea were used by Native Americans for:
a) Cold d) Seizures
b) Rabies e) Snake Bites
c) Cancer f) Arthritis
 There are three common medicinal types of Echinacea;
a) Echinacea angustifolia c) Echinacea purpurea
b) Echinacea pallida
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3. PHARMACOGNOSTIC FEATURES:
 English Name: Purple Cone Flower
 Botanical Name: Echinacea purpurea
 Family: Asteraceae (Compositae)
 Genus: Echinacea
 Part used: Roots and Flower Heads
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4. DESCRIPTION:
 2-4ft stems and long lasting lavender flowers.
 Has tall stems bears single pink or purple flowers.
 Rough scattered leaves which become small towards the
top of the stem.
 Flowers occur singly atop the stems and have domed,
purplish brown, spiny centers.
 Has a central cone that is usually purple or brown in
color.
 It blooms through out the summer.
 Have a light sweet, honey like fragrance.
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5. Chemical Constituents:
 Alkamides
 Polysaccharides
 Caffeic acid derivatives
a) Caftaric acid
b) Chlorogenic acid
c) Echinacoside
d) Cichoric acid
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6. Used for:
 Fever & Flu
 Viral Infections
 Upper Respiratory system diseases
 Urinary Tract infection(UTI)
 Gallstones and Kidney stones
 Pain in Arthritis & Rheumatism
 Certain Type of cancers
 Snake Bites
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7. Adverse Effects:
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Unpleasant taste
 Stomach pain
 Diarrhea
 Headache
 Numbness of tongue
 Dizziness
 Insomnia
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8. References:
 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
 https://www.wildflower.org
 Echinacea angustifoliae radix (Narrow-leaved coneflower root)
 https://escop.com-echinaceae-angustifoliae-radix-narrow-leaved-
coneflower-root/

9. THANK YOU