Eason Cheng, Carel, CO2 TC in China - 1 year experience in retail and potential in cold store application

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CO2 Transcritical in China
二氧化碳跨临界在中国
Experiences and Projects in Retail
and Cold Storage Refrigeration
Marketing Manager – REF APAC
程立 Eason Cheng

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All over the world, we help our customers
to protect the environment
Electronic control solutions and humidification system for refrigeration, air
conditioning and heating applications

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Main system applications
Refrigeration: supermarket, c-store, restaurant chain, refrigerated warehouse…
HVAC: residential, commercial, industrial process, data centre

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控制方案能做什么…..?
What a control solution can do to …

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CO2 Transcritical optimum control
Transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle has specific gas cooler pressure (P_opt) that gives maximum COP. This pressure is not constant and varies
when the rest of the cycle operating parameters change.
二氧化碳跨临界循环存在一个最优的气冷器出口压力以实现系统的COP最优化。这个压力值非恒定，而是根据系统中其他运行参数的更改而变化的

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Optimal COP transcritical algorithm on pRack
跨临界区间 Transcritical Zone
根据Gas Cooler的温度(和蒸发温度)计算出当前最优的控制压力(以遵循最
优COP的路径)进行HPV阀的PI调节
Calculation of the optimal Gas Cooler pressure to maximize COP looking at gas cooler
temperature and (optional) evaporation temperature.PI regulation on HPV valve to
maintain the optimum pressure
临界区间 Intermediate Zone
HPV阀PI调节旨在更平顺的在亚临界状态与跨临界区间中切换
PI regulation to keep smoother the hand over from transcritical to subcritical
亚临界区间Subcritical Zone
HPV阀的PI调节旨在维持一个固定的过冷值
PI regulation of the HPV valve to maintain a fixed value of subcooling
安全区间Safety zone
当Gas Cooler的压力进入此区间，HPV不在进行PI调节，取而代之以比例
开度进行动作以避免进一步增加高压段的压力
When gas cooler pressure goes insde this zone, the HPV valve leaves the PI regulation
and open proportionally to avoid further increase of the high stage pressure

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Natural Refrigerants
Solutions for Retail applications
高系统压力
High pressures
Vs 可燃性
Flammability
高温气候环境低运行效率
Low efficiency in warm climate
Vs 充注量限制
Charge limitations
高压部件需求
High pressure components
Vs 安全担忧
Safeties
Vs

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Natural Refrigerants Solutions
for Retail Applications 面向商用零售/冷库应用的自然工质解决方案

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CO2 in China till now:
• 1 CO2-T project running with full CAREL system 1个项目以CAREL控制系统运行
• 4 CO2-T lab projects finished with full CAREL system 4个项目以CAREL控制系统测试

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Complete management of CO2 compressor rack
• All in one: 单控制器可以管理三个回路(中温，低温，并行压缩),以及气冷器，高压阀以及闪蒸
气体阀，热回收
• Built-in safe EEV driver and power-safe closure: 板载电子膨胀阀驱动直接管理高压阀与闪
蒸气体阀
• Extensive flexibility: 可拓展性，多控制器协同控制，可配置的I/O口以适应多种应用方式
• All in one: one board to manage 3 compressor lines (MT, LT, Parallel), Gas Cooler
fans, HPV&RPRV, Heat Reclaim
• Built-in safe EEV driver and power-safe closure: both HPV and RPRV direct
management
• Extensive flexibility: single or multi-board, configurable universal I/Os
pRack pR300T solution for TC-CO2 racks

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First CO2 Transcritical Store in China – Beijing
Site configuration
High temperature 高温机组
Compressor rack B:
▪ Refrigerant: R744 (CO2)
▪ HT Cooling capacity: 195kW
▪ 3 HT compressors (evap. temp. 0°C)
▪ 1 parallel compressor
▪ 1 pRack pR300T for centralized
management
▪ 1 pRack pR300T for backup
Low/Medium temperature Booster
中低温机组
Compressor Rack A:
▪ Refrigerant: R744 (CO2)
▪ Total cooling capacity: 302kW
▪ 3 MT compressors (evap. temp. -8°C)
▪ 3 LT compressors (evap. temp. -28°C)
▪ 1 parallel compressor
▪ 1 pRack pR300T for centralized
management
▪ 1 pRack pR300T for backup

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▪ Advanced tool for commissioning team to start and optimize the system
▪ Remote access to improve the configuration & give fast response to possible issues
▪ Reliable alarm management with WeChat connection
▪ Energy management
▪ Efficiency improvement (Smooth lines, floating suction)
First CO2 Transcritical Store in China – Beijing
Supervisory system

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2019年… 期待实装运行
Will running in field in 2019…?

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Refrigerated warehouse |Hiroshima
General Fushi

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Refrigerated warehouse |Hiroshima
XingXing Refrigeration

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Shenzhou Refrigeration

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Cryotek Refrigeration

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Parallel compression and Ejector solutions to improve the efficiency in warm climates
System configuration and operating modes
Standard mode (Winter)
Standard CO2 transcritical system
Parallel Comp. mode
Parallel compressor activation
Ejector mode (Summer)
Ejector activation

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Madrid Sevilla Brasilia Houston Tokyo Beijing Guangzhou Shanghai
SPA SPA BRA USA JPN CHN CHN CHN
14,35 °C 18,40 °C 21,53 °C 20,32 °C 13,06 °C 12,81 °C 22,26 °C 16,69 °C
Powerconsumption-MWh
Standard Ejector Optimized Ejector
EmJ - Ejectors solution to improve the efficiency in China

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natref.carel.com