The document discusses how Milankovitch cycles have driven climate changes on Earth throughout geological history. It explains that Milankovitch cycles are variations in Earth's eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession that influence the amount of solar radiation received in different locations over long time periods. Specifically, it notes that periods of low eccentricity and tilt are linked to glacial periods, while high eccentricity and tilt encourage interglacial phases. When all three factors are aligned to point towards a warmer or colder Earth, peak glacial or interglacial periods are reached. The combined effects of these orbital variations are thought to be responsible for the cyclical glacial and interglacial periods seen in Earth's climate