In this work, we proposed a new approach - semantic linguistic networks for identifying semantic patterns from the text corpus. It is a combination of linguistic analysis, semantic knowledge and complex network science concepts. It is a combination of graph theory and computer science. Full Paper Link -https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8531016/

1. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Dynamics of Semantic Networks
of Independence Day Speeches
Prem Sankar C
Vinod Chandra S S
K. Satheesh Kumar
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

2. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Approach
3 Natural Language Processing
4 Complex Networks
5 Results
6 Conclusion
7 Reference
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

3. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Introduction
1 Public speeches of governing people can be an ideal source of
information
Indication of current trends
Expected policies and Long-term plans
Pattern shifts in priorities
2 In this work, We proposed a new approach - semantic
linguistic networks for identifying semantic patterns from the
text corpus.
3 It is a combination of linguistic analysis, semantic knowledge
and complex network science concepts.
4 The complex network analysis is relevant to a wide range of
systems where individual units interact with each other.
5 It is a combination of graph theory and computer science.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

4. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Methodology
1 Preprocessing the text corpus
2 Construct complex networks of key terms.
3 Network Visualization and Analysis
Network Definition
Let G(E, V) be the graph derived from the speech text corpus,
where V denotes set of key terms (nodes), and E indicates the
co-occurrence of these terms in a sentence in the text corpus.
As a case study - we collected the text of Independence day
speeches of Indian Prime Ministers (2004-2014 period) and
and explored the dynamics of semantic relationships in the
networks.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

5. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Step1 - Data Preprocessing
Tokenization: Every word in the dataset is a treated as a
token
Normalization: All tokens were converted to lowercase
letters.
Removing stop words: Stop words are those which do not
provide any valuable information and in some cases even
reduce the quality of data.
Stemming process:is the process of reducing inflected (or
sometimes derived) words to their word stem, base or root
form.
Eg - helped, helping ... to help
The major key terms are identified after filtering stop words
and stemming process
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

6. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Visualization of Semantic Networks
The visualization shows the dynamical changes of the network over
the years and reveals the hidden patterns.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

7. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Visualization of Semantic Networks (cont..)
If a set of nodes belongs to the similar community (node color), then the
semantic correlation between them will be relatively high. Modularity
iterative algorithm used for network clustering.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

8. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Visualization of Semantic Networks (cont..)
The influential keywords are identified using degree centrality
measures and represented with larger node size in the network.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

9. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Network Structural Properties
The number edges is increased with time
The density of networks increases over time.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

10. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Number of Edges V/s Years
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
NumberofEdges
Year
The number edges is increased with time
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

11. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Density V/s Years
0.065
0.07
0.075
0.08
0.085
0.09
0.095
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
NetworkDensity
Year
The density of networks increases over time.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

12. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Comparison of Networks in 1947 and 2014
In 1947 the ”nation” is attached with work, dream, people, peace and soul.
In 2014 the ”nation” is attached with rural, health, child and economics.
In 1947, we were more into long-term strategic goals and deals with how to face the world as the new nation, but
in 2014 the primary focus is shifted from long-term goals to short terms goals. It mainly deals with how to tackle
with current issues and policies to overcome present bottlenecks.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

13. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Comparison of semantic connections of term ’Today’
1947 - Peace,service, achievement, fortune, and opportunity.
2014 -Child, Village, bank, rural, household, benefit and school
Indicates main concerns in (today) present scenario.
In 1947, after the independence, the primary focus indicate about the Equal opportunity for all people and
provide service to people and national and achieve peace.
In 2014 the main connections indicate about providing beneficial services like banking to rural villages,
provide education to every child through more schools.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

14. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Major Observations
The analysis shows the dynamic changes in the network in the local
semantic relationship between the keywords over the years and
reveals the hidden conceptual patterns.
The most frequently mentioned keywords are identified using degree
centrality and represented with larger node size in the network.
Helpful in identifying new key terms and its semantic relationships.
By comparing the networks of continuous years, we can easily detect
the shifts in semantic relationships of keyword e.g., banking.
In 2014, the relationship between rural, village and banking shows
that policy makers are interested to provide the banking service to
the rural villages and later Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Jojna -
Prime Minister Scheme focused on opening bank accounts for rural
and poor people was launched.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

15. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Conclusion
Our analysis shows that the complex network of a public text can
effectively be utilized to visualize the hidden semantic relationship
between different key terms in the corpus.
Semantic Linguistic analysis helps policy makers to identify most
dominant terms or semantic relationship between terms.
Based on the current Indian scenario, the semantic linguistic analysis
helps to shed light on the most influential policies in the years to come.
It also captures new policy terms and their moment of introduction and
traces the change in long-term semantic relationships between the key
policy terms.
We demonstrated a real world application of the complex network
analysis by analyzing and visualizing the text network of Independence
day speeches of Indian Prime Ministers.
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

16. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Reference
M. Newman, Networks: an introduction. Oxford University
Press, 2009
D. Paranyushkin, “Visualization of texts polysingularity using
network analysis,” Prototype Letters, vol. 2, no. 3, pp.
256–278, 2011.
M. E. Newman, “Fast algorithm for detecting community
structure in networks,” Physical review E, vol. 69, no. 6, p.
066133, 2004.
S. Scott and S. Matwin, “Feature engineering for text
classification,” in ICML, vol. 99, 1999, pp. 379–388
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala

17. Introduction Proposed Approach Natural Language Processing Complex Networks Results Conclusion Reference
Thank You. . . .
Acknowledgement
The authors wish to express their gratitude to the Campus
Computing Facility at University of Kerala set up under DST purse
programme for providing their facilities.
Presented By
Prem Sankar C
Research Scholar
Department of Futures Studies
University of Kerala- India
IC4 2018 - The International Conference on Control, Communication and Computing
Dept. of Futures Studies,University of Kerala