This document provides an overview of the CARIAA Programme's theory of change. CARIAA is a 7-year, $70 million partnership between IDRC and DFID to fund research on climate change adaptation in Africa and Asia. It focuses on 4 "hot spot" regions through 4 research consortia examining issues like water and resilience in the Himalayas, adaptation in semi-arid regions, climate change and migration in deltas, and pathways to resilience in semi-arid economies. The goal is to generate new knowledge on adapting to climate stress and promote research uptake to strengthen adaptation expertise and resilience for vulnerable populations.