IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Hybrid of Monopole and Dipole Antennas for Concurrent 2.4- and 5-GHz WLAN Acc...Saou-Wen Su
A novel hybrid of a 2.4-GHz monopole antenna and a 5-GHz dipole antenna is presented to provide concurrent 2.4 and 5 GHz band operation for access- point applications. The two antennas are arranged in a collinear structure and printed on a compact dielectric substrate with dimensions 12 mm × 60 mm. The monopole antenna has a meandered radiating strip and is short-circuited to a small ground plane through a shorting strip. The dipole antenna includes two sub-dipoles at the opposite side of a narrow ground plane and fed by a simple T-junction microstrip-line network. The two antennas are closely set with a distance of 1 mm only, yet good port isolation (S21) well below –20 dB can be obtained. With a low profile, the proposed design can easily fit into the casing of some standard access points and allow the 2.4 and 5 GHz band signals to be simultaneously received or transmitted with no external diplexer required. Good omnidirectional radiation has been observed too.
Low-Cost Flat Metal-Plate Dipole Antenna for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A low-cost, one-piece, flat-plate dipole antenna for dual WLAN band operation is presented. The dipole antenna is rectangular in shape with the dimensions 10 mm × 37 mm and fed by 50-ohm mini-coaxial cable. By cutting two L-shaped slits in each radiating arm, two dipole arms are obtained, which form a larger dipole and a smaller dipole antennas for the 2.4 and 5 GHz band operation respectively. The dipole arms are further short-circuited, making it possible for the antenna to be fabricated by stamping a single, flat metal plate only. The impedance bandwidth for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN operation is with VSWR below 1.5 and good omnidirectional radiation patterns are also observed.
2009 EuCAP-Hybrid of Monopole and Dipole Antennas for Concurrent WLAN APSaou-Wen Su
A novel hybrid of a 2.4-GHz monopole antenna and a 5-GHz dipole antenna is presented to provide concurrent 2.4 and 5 GHz band operation for access- point applications. The two antennas are arranged in a collinear structure and printed on a compact dielectric substrate with dimensions 12 mm × 60 mm. The monopole antenna has a meandered radiating strip and is short-circuited to a small ground plane through a shorting strip. The dipole antenna includes two sub-dipoles at the opposite side of a narrow ground plane and fed by a simple T-junction microstrip-line network. The two antennas are closely set with a distance of 1 mm only, yet good port isolation (S21) well below –20 dB can be obtained. With a low profile, the proposed design can easily fit into the casing of some standard access points and allow the 2.4 and 5 GHz band signals to be simultaneously received or transmitted with no external diplexer required. Good omnidirectional radiation has been observed too.
Bandwidth enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch antenna using slotsIOSR Journals
In this paper, a new design of rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) without slot, with slots
and array is proposed and analyzed. The designed antenna has been simulated using HFSS software. The
simulated results for return loss, radiation pattern and gain are presented and discussed. The bandwidth of
proposed antenna is 2.4GHz-5.9GHz for VSWR(voltage standing wave ratio)<2><-
10dB return loss as an acceptable reference in wireless applications which cover worldwide interoperability for
microwave access (WiMAX) and wireless local area network (WLAN) and other applications. Gain of 10dB is
achieved for antenna array.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Hybrid of Monopole and Dipole Antennas for Concurrent 2.4- and 5-GHz WLAN Acc...Saou-Wen Su
A novel hybrid of a 2.4-GHz monopole antenna and a 5-GHz dipole antenna is presented to provide concurrent 2.4 and 5 GHz band operation for access- point applications. The two antennas are arranged in a collinear structure and printed on a compact dielectric substrate with dimensions 12 mm × 60 mm. The monopole antenna has a meandered radiating strip and is short-circuited to a small ground plane through a shorting strip. The dipole antenna includes two sub-dipoles at the opposite side of a narrow ground plane and fed by a simple T-junction microstrip-line network. The two antennas are closely set with a distance of 1 mm only, yet good port isolation (S21) well below –20 dB can be obtained. With a low profile, the proposed design can easily fit into the casing of some standard access points and allow the 2.4 and 5 GHz band signals to be simultaneously received or transmitted with no external diplexer required. Good omnidirectional radiation has been observed too.
Low-Cost Flat Metal-Plate Dipole Antenna for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A low-cost, one-piece, flat-plate dipole antenna for dual WLAN band operation is presented. The dipole antenna is rectangular in shape with the dimensions 10 mm × 37 mm and fed by 50-ohm mini-coaxial cable. By cutting two L-shaped slits in each radiating arm, two dipole arms are obtained, which form a larger dipole and a smaller dipole antennas for the 2.4 and 5 GHz band operation respectively. The dipole arms are further short-circuited, making it possible for the antenna to be fabricated by stamping a single, flat metal plate only. The impedance bandwidth for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN operation is with VSWR below 1.5 and good omnidirectional radiation patterns are also observed.
2009 EuCAP-Hybrid of Monopole and Dipole Antennas for Concurrent WLAN APSaou-Wen Su
A novel hybrid of a 2.4-GHz monopole antenna and a 5-GHz dipole antenna is presented to provide concurrent 2.4 and 5 GHz band operation for access- point applications. The two antennas are arranged in a collinear structure and printed on a compact dielectric substrate with dimensions 12 mm × 60 mm. The monopole antenna has a meandered radiating strip and is short-circuited to a small ground plane through a shorting strip. The dipole antenna includes two sub-dipoles at the opposite side of a narrow ground plane and fed by a simple T-junction microstrip-line network. The two antennas are closely set with a distance of 1 mm only, yet good port isolation (S21) well below –20 dB can be obtained. With a low profile, the proposed design can easily fit into the casing of some standard access points and allow the 2.4 and 5 GHz band signals to be simultaneously received or transmitted with no external diplexer required. Good omnidirectional radiation has been observed too.
Bandwidth enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch antenna using slotsIOSR Journals
In this paper, a new design of rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) without slot, with slots
and array is proposed and analyzed. The designed antenna has been simulated using HFSS software. The
simulated results for return loss, radiation pattern and gain are presented and discussed. The bandwidth of
proposed antenna is 2.4GHz-5.9GHz for VSWR(voltage standing wave ratio)<2><-
10dB return loss as an acceptable reference in wireless applications which cover worldwide interoperability for
microwave access (WiMAX) and wireless local area network (WLAN) and other applications. Gain of 10dB is
achieved for antenna array.
Printed Coplanar Two-Antenna Element for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN Operation in a MIMO S...Saou-Wen Su
A printed coplanar two-antenna element suited for WLAN operation in the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands for dual-module applications in a MIMO system is proposed. The two-antenna element is comprised of one planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) and one monopole antenna, both printed and integrated in a coplanar configuration on a narrow dielectric substrate with the dimensions 50 mm × 11 mm. The two antennas are excited using two separate feeds with a common ground plane. By utilizing two proposed elements spaced 10 mm apart in the lateral direction with an optimized arrangement, the four-antenna MIMO system obtained can achieve optimal isolation between any two of the four antennas. In comparison with the conventional dual-band antenna with a single feed, the proposed two-antenna element allows the 2.4 and 5 GHz signals to be simultaneously received or transmitted with no external switch circuit between the antenna and modules required.
Printed Omnidirectional Access-Point Antenna for 2.4/5-GHz WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A new design of the printed omnidirectional antenna for applications in 2.4/5-GHz dual-WLAN-band access points is proposed. The antenna consists of a conventional collinear antenna for 2.4 GHz operation and two U stubs for 5 GHz operation. The two U stubs are located near the points where the maximum currents at about 5.5 GHz occurring on the strips of the collinear antenna, and arranged back to back in the same phase for achieving better antenna gain. Detailed analyses of the U stub on the impedance matching over the 5 GH band is presented. A prototype with good omnidirectional radiation across the 2.4/5-GHz WLAN bands is demonstrated.
Integration of Internal 700 MHz and WLAN/WiMAX Antennas for Palm-Sized Mobile...Saou-Wen Su
Two promising, internal, shorted monopole antennas for 700 MHz and WLAN/WiMAX operation are combined in an arrangement with minimized mutual coupling for palm-sized mobile applications. The two stamped, metal-plate antennas with a 2 mm gap therein between can be integrated into a compact configuration and are then mounted near one side of the system circuit board. With the suitable shorting locations and arrangement of the two antennas, good isolation (S21 < –20 dB) between the two ports can easily be obtained. Analysis of placing a CCD shielding cylinder between the two antennas and the two shorting strips joined to form a shorting wall are also conducted. Detailed designs of the two antennas are described, and the results thereof are discussed.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Compact Vertical Patch Antenna for Dual-Band WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A new compact patch antenna, which is arranged perpendicular to a circular ground plane, for WLAN operation is presented. The antenna consists mainly of one driven patch and one shorted parasitic patch, which both wind along two concentric circles. A constructed prototype covering the 2.4 and 5 GHz WLAN bands is demonstrated. Good broadside radiation characteristics are obtained across the operating bands. Details of the proposed patch antenna and experimental results are presented and discussed.
Low Profile Inverted-F-L Antenna for 5.5 GHz WiMAX ApplicationsIDES Editor
This paper presents a novel low profile inverted-FL
antenna (IFLA) for worldwide interoperability for microwave
access (WiMAX) applications by means of numerical
simulation. The antenna has compact size of 9×20 mm2 and
provides a wide bandwidth of 750 MHz (5150~5900 MHz) which
covers the 5.5 GHz WiMAX applications. Moreover it has very
high peak gain of 8.04 dBi with 1.38 dBi gain variation within
the 10 dB return loss bandwidth. The VSWR of the proposed
IFLA varies from 1.79849 to 1.91245 within the antenna 10 dB
return loss bandwidth. The antenna provides peak return loss
of -29.903 dB at 5.45 GHz and the input impedance of proposed
IFLA is 47.8595 Ω at 5.5 GHz.
2008 IEEE AP-S-Internal Wideband Monopole Antenna For MIMO Access-Point Appli...Saou-Wen Su
A three-antenna MIMO system capable of generating a wide operating bandwidth of 2400-5850 MHz for access-point applications is introduced. The proposed design is based on a bent metal-plate monopole antenna with a compact size of 20 × 20 × 14 mm3. The three antennas are equally spaced along the perimeter of a circular ground and all generate a wide bandwidth of larger than 4 GHz. With the antenna short-circuiting facing the center of the ground, not only the overall antenna size is reduced but also good isolation of less than -20 dB can easily be obtained. Calculated envelope correlation is also less than 0.002 across the operating band.
Very-Low-Cost Copper-Wire Antenna for 2.4-GHz WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A very-low-cost copper-wire antenna, easily fabricated by bending a single 70-mm-long copper wire two times, for WLAN operation in the 2.4 GHz band (2400-2484 MHz) is presented. The antenna has a very simple structure and is easily fed by using a 50- mini-coaxial cable. A prototype of the proposed antenna with the overall dimensions 40 mm x 5 mm is constructed and tested.
Compact Paper-Clip-Shaped Wire Antenna for 2.4 and 5.2 GHz WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A compact dual-WLAN-band antenna, in the shape of a paper clip, is presented. The antenna can easily be manufactured by bending few times a single copper wire with a length of about 65 mm, and operates in the 2.4 and 5.2 GHz bands in the WLAN environment. In addition to the simple configuration, the antenna is easily fed by 50- mini-coaxial cable, which allows it flexibility in a defined location for installation. An experimental prototype of the proposed antenna with the overall dimensions about 5 mm x 23.5 mm is constructed, tested, and demonstrated.
Exponential Tapered Balun with Different Sizes for UWB Elliptical Dipole AntennaTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This work presents a broadband tapered balun with different sizes using nonlinear transition
particularly suitable for planar and three-dimensional (3-D) dipole antennas for ultra-wideband (UWB)
applications such as communication, radar systems and geolocation precision. Four baluns with wideband
microstrip-to-parallel-strip transition using an elliptical structure for an elliptical dipole antenna are
proposed. The initial balun structure consists of a nonlinear profile with a quarter-wavelength for both
height and width. By studying the current distributions at the balun surface, it can be reduced to 25%, 50%
and 75% from the original size. Measured results based on the reflection coefficients for all baluns are
shown to be better than -10 dB from 1.0 GHz to 10 GHz. These baluns are integrated with an elliptical
dipole which acts as a feeding circuit. Eight set of antennas with a planar and 3-D configurations with four
different sizes are proposed in this work. The planar configurations are named as Planar 1, Planar 2,
Planar 3 and Planar 4 while the 3-D configurations are named as 3D Dipole 1, 3D Dipole 2, 3D Dipole 3
and 3D Dipole 4, respectively. The results show that all antennas with the proposed baluns operates within
the UWB frequency range
Multiband Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN Applicationtheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
A Bent, Shorted, Planar Monopole Antenna for 2.4 GHz WLAN ApplicationsSaou-Wen Su
A simple, bent monopole antenna well useful for WLAN applications in the 2.4 GHz band is presented. The monopole antenna has a rectangular radiating plate in general and is short-circuited to a small antenna ground and an assembly plate. The assembly plate is not only used as a supporting plate for antenna installation but also regarded as antenna ground. With a low profile of the monopole and use of the coaxial-line feed, the antenna has much flexibility in the placement inside a wireless device. Good radiation characteristics have been observed too.
Printed Coplanar Two-Antenna Element for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN Operation in a MIMO S...Saou-Wen Su
A printed coplanar two-antenna element suited for WLAN operation in the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands for dual-module applications in a MIMO system is proposed. The two-antenna element is comprised of one planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) and one monopole antenna, both printed and integrated in a coplanar configuration on a narrow dielectric substrate with the dimensions 50 mm × 11 mm. The two antennas are excited using two separate feeds with a common ground plane. By utilizing two proposed elements spaced 10 mm apart in the lateral direction with an optimized arrangement, the four-antenna MIMO system obtained can achieve optimal isolation between any two of the four antennas. In comparison with the conventional dual-band antenna with a single feed, the proposed two-antenna element allows the 2.4 and 5 GHz signals to be simultaneously received or transmitted with no external switch circuit between the antenna and modules required.
Printed Omnidirectional Access-Point Antenna for 2.4/5-GHz WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A new design of the printed omnidirectional antenna for applications in 2.4/5-GHz dual-WLAN-band access points is proposed. The antenna consists of a conventional collinear antenna for 2.4 GHz operation and two U stubs for 5 GHz operation. The two U stubs are located near the points where the maximum currents at about 5.5 GHz occurring on the strips of the collinear antenna, and arranged back to back in the same phase for achieving better antenna gain. Detailed analyses of the U stub on the impedance matching over the 5 GH band is presented. A prototype with good omnidirectional radiation across the 2.4/5-GHz WLAN bands is demonstrated.
Integration of Internal 700 MHz and WLAN/WiMAX Antennas for Palm-Sized Mobile...Saou-Wen Su
Two promising, internal, shorted monopole antennas for 700 MHz and WLAN/WiMAX operation are combined in an arrangement with minimized mutual coupling for palm-sized mobile applications. The two stamped, metal-plate antennas with a 2 mm gap therein between can be integrated into a compact configuration and are then mounted near one side of the system circuit board. With the suitable shorting locations and arrangement of the two antennas, good isolation (S21 < –20 dB) between the two ports can easily be obtained. Analysis of placing a CCD shielding cylinder between the two antennas and the two shorting strips joined to form a shorting wall are also conducted. Detailed designs of the two antennas are described, and the results thereof are discussed.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Compact Vertical Patch Antenna for Dual-Band WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A new compact patch antenna, which is arranged perpendicular to a circular ground plane, for WLAN operation is presented. The antenna consists mainly of one driven patch and one shorted parasitic patch, which both wind along two concentric circles. A constructed prototype covering the 2.4 and 5 GHz WLAN bands is demonstrated. Good broadside radiation characteristics are obtained across the operating bands. Details of the proposed patch antenna and experimental results are presented and discussed.
Low Profile Inverted-F-L Antenna for 5.5 GHz WiMAX ApplicationsIDES Editor
This paper presents a novel low profile inverted-FL
antenna (IFLA) for worldwide interoperability for microwave
access (WiMAX) applications by means of numerical
simulation. The antenna has compact size of 9×20 mm2 and
provides a wide bandwidth of 750 MHz (5150~5900 MHz) which
covers the 5.5 GHz WiMAX applications. Moreover it has very
high peak gain of 8.04 dBi with 1.38 dBi gain variation within
the 10 dB return loss bandwidth. The VSWR of the proposed
IFLA varies from 1.79849 to 1.91245 within the antenna 10 dB
return loss bandwidth. The antenna provides peak return loss
of -29.903 dB at 5.45 GHz and the input impedance of proposed
IFLA is 47.8595 Ω at 5.5 GHz.
2008 IEEE AP-S-Internal Wideband Monopole Antenna For MIMO Access-Point Appli...Saou-Wen Su
A three-antenna MIMO system capable of generating a wide operating bandwidth of 2400-5850 MHz for access-point applications is introduced. The proposed design is based on a bent metal-plate monopole antenna with a compact size of 20 × 20 × 14 mm3. The three antennas are equally spaced along the perimeter of a circular ground and all generate a wide bandwidth of larger than 4 GHz. With the antenna short-circuiting facing the center of the ground, not only the overall antenna size is reduced but also good isolation of less than -20 dB can easily be obtained. Calculated envelope correlation is also less than 0.002 across the operating band.
Very-Low-Cost Copper-Wire Antenna for 2.4-GHz WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A very-low-cost copper-wire antenna, easily fabricated by bending a single 70-mm-long copper wire two times, for WLAN operation in the 2.4 GHz band (2400-2484 MHz) is presented. The antenna has a very simple structure and is easily fed by using a 50- mini-coaxial cable. A prototype of the proposed antenna with the overall dimensions 40 mm x 5 mm is constructed and tested.
Compact Paper-Clip-Shaped Wire Antenna for 2.4 and 5.2 GHz WLAN OperationSaou-Wen Su
A compact dual-WLAN-band antenna, in the shape of a paper clip, is presented. The antenna can easily be manufactured by bending few times a single copper wire with a length of about 65 mm, and operates in the 2.4 and 5.2 GHz bands in the WLAN environment. In addition to the simple configuration, the antenna is easily fed by 50- mini-coaxial cable, which allows it flexibility in a defined location for installation. An experimental prototype of the proposed antenna with the overall dimensions about 5 mm x 23.5 mm is constructed, tested, and demonstrated.
Exponential Tapered Balun with Different Sizes for UWB Elliptical Dipole AntennaTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This work presents a broadband tapered balun with different sizes using nonlinear transition
particularly suitable for planar and three-dimensional (3-D) dipole antennas for ultra-wideband (UWB)
applications such as communication, radar systems and geolocation precision. Four baluns with wideband
microstrip-to-parallel-strip transition using an elliptical structure for an elliptical dipole antenna are
proposed. The initial balun structure consists of a nonlinear profile with a quarter-wavelength for both
height and width. By studying the current distributions at the balun surface, it can be reduced to 25%, 50%
and 75% from the original size. Measured results based on the reflection coefficients for all baluns are
shown to be better than -10 dB from 1.0 GHz to 10 GHz. These baluns are integrated with an elliptical
dipole which acts as a feeding circuit. Eight set of antennas with a planar and 3-D configurations with four
different sizes are proposed in this work. The planar configurations are named as Planar 1, Planar 2,
Planar 3 and Planar 4 while the 3-D configurations are named as 3D Dipole 1, 3D Dipole 2, 3D Dipole 3
and 3D Dipole 4, respectively. The results show that all antennas with the proposed baluns operates within
the UWB frequency range
Multiband Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN Applicationtheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
A Bent, Shorted, Planar Monopole Antenna for 2.4 GHz WLAN ApplicationsSaou-Wen Su
A simple, bent monopole antenna well useful for WLAN applications in the 2.4 GHz band is presented. The monopole antenna has a rectangular radiating plate in general and is short-circuited to a small antenna ground and an assembly plate. The assembly plate is not only used as a supporting plate for antenna installation but also regarded as antenna ground. With a low profile of the monopole and use of the coaxial-line feed, the antenna has much flexibility in the placement inside a wireless device. Good radiation characteristics have been observed too.
The impact of innovation on travel and tourism industries (World Travel Marke...Brian Solis
From the impact of Pokemon Go on Silicon Valley to artificial intelligence, futurist Brian Solis talks to Mathew Parsons of World Travel Market about the future of travel, tourism and hospitality.
The Six Highest Performing B2B Blog Post FormatsBarry Feldman
If your B2B blogging goals include earning social media shares and backlinks to boost your search rankings, this infographic lists the size best approaches.
Each technological age has been marked by a shift in how the industrial platform enables companies to rethink their business processes and create wealth. In the talk I argue that we are limiting our view of what this next industrial/digital age can offer because of how we read, measure and through that perceive the world (how we cherry pick data). Companies are locked in metrics and quantitative measures, data that can fit into a spreadsheet. And by that they see the digital transformation merely as an efficiency tool to the fossil fuel age. But we need to stretch further…
Harmonic Suppression Dual-band Dipole Antenna with Parasitic Elements and a StubTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A dual-band harmonic suppression dipole antenna suitable for energy harvesting system is presented in this paper. A linear dipole with two parasitic elements is designed and fabricated with a capability to eliminate the harmonic of higher order modes. At first, the antenna resonates at 900 MHz and 2.7 GHz. Therefore, a parasitic element is added into each of the dipole’s arm to tune the second frequency band to 2.4 GHz to fit into wireless application. However, the presence of two parasitic elements has generated an unwanted harmonic at 4.0 GHz. Thus, a stub has been integrated into the antenna’s terminal (feed line) to suppress the 4.0 GHz frequency. This technique is suitable for developing a multiband antenna with harmonic suppression. The antenna is fabricated on a FR-4 board with the size of 72×152 mm2 which operates efficiently at 0.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz which is suitable for wireless communication applications. The prototype can suppress the undesired harmful harmonics present within the frequency range of 3 to 5 GHz. The antenna has a good potential to be used in a rectenna system with a dual-band frequency operation but with better performance. Simulation and measurement results obtained are in a good agreement, which have confirmed the proposed design concept.
DUAL BAND F-ANTENNA FOR EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICAijwmn
A single antenna for multiple bands are always beneficial from the design point of view. Here a single antenna which is fundamentally inverted F antenna is used, the uniqueness of the design is that , it uses trap technique to produce dual resonance from a single inverted F antenna . The trap used to block the current due to some frequencies and passes the current contributed by other frequencies. So in short , this trap is like a RF filter which has some passband as well as stop band. This trap approach uses a LC network to achieve this design goal .The two bands of interest are 865-870 MHz and 902-928 MHz .. The challenge of this design is that the frequency separation of the two bands is very small. In this case, and also the extra section for low frequency band is too small. Then, the influence of trap LC component variation due to tolerance to the two resonant frequencies is big, and so it is difficult to achieve good in band return loss within the LC tolerance. This is the main difficulty of this design. This issue is resolved by placing the low band section away from the end of the antenna. The antenna is designed on FR4 substrate material having thickness of 1.6 mm and hence it is a low cost solution which could use in various commercial applications which follows these bands.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Due to the tremendous development in the field of wireless communication and its use in several fields, whether military or commercial was proposed. A novel tapered slot Vivaldi antenna is designed and simulated at double band frequency (Ku-band) using computer simulation technology (CST) software 2020. The dimensions of the antenna are 2.3 × 1 × 0.4 mm3 with a microstrip feed of 0.5 mm. The proposed antenna is improved by cutting a number of circle shapes on the patch layer in different positions. The simulation results are divided into more sections according to the number of circle shapes cutting. The results are good acceptance and make the improved Vivaldi antenna valuable in many future wireless communication applications.
A CPW-fed Rectangular Patch Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX ApplicationsIDES Editor
This paper presents a CPW fed Rectangular
shaped patch antenna for the frequency 3.42GHz which
falls in WiMAX and 5.25GHz for WLAN applications.
The measured -10dB impedance bandwidth is about
650MHz (2.98GHz-3.63GHz) for WiMAX and 833MHz
(4.95GHz-5.78GHz) for WLAN applications. The effect of
slot width, rectangular patch height, and substrate
dielectric constant have been evaluated. The results of
antenna are simulated by using Zeeland’s MOM based
IE3D tool. Two dimensional radiation patterns with
elevation and azimuth angles, VSWR<2, Return loss of
-24dB and -18dB for WiMAX and WLAN applications,
antenna efficiency about 90%, gain above 3.5dB are
obtained. The compact aperture area of the antenna is
46.2 X 41.66 mm2.
This paper presents the Microstrip patch antenna for WLAN applications with planar geometry and it consists of a defected ground (DGS), a feed, a substrate, and a patch. The design with DGS has been analyzed taking different dimensions of H Slot and achieve optimized dimensions with the help of CST, Microwave Studio commercial software for WLAN band at 5.20 GHz frequency with corresponding bandwidth of 310 MHz to optimize antenna’s properties. Results show that the final designed antenna has favorable characteristics at this frequency.
2. ijece vibha raj_nag oct 12, 2017 edit septianIAESIJEECS
With advancement in communication technology over the past decade, there is an increasing demand for miniaturization, cost effective, multiband and wideband antennas. Dual band printed slot antenna designs can support in meeting these requirements. Various techniques, different shapes and geometries have been introduced for size reduction of dual band printed slot antennas. This paper is on various techniques for designing dual band printed slot antenna exhibits details of different geometries developed to get multiband behavior of printed slot antenna. In this paper geometry of the antenna and variousparameters such as return loss plot, gain plot, radiation pattern plot and VSWR plot are discussed. In this paper the review on various techniques of compactness by geometry on different shapes of printed slot antenna for 5G next generation wireless (NGW) mobile application are presented.
IJCER (www.ijceronline.com) International Journal of computational Engineerin...ijceronline
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journal of engineering, online Submission
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
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Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
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1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
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Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
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CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
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https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
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My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
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1. Barun Mazumdar / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.687-691
A Compact L-slit Microstrip antenna for GSM, Bluetooth,
WiMAX & WLAN Applications
Barun Mazumdar
Department of ECE, Aryabhatta Institute of Engg & Management Durgapur, West Bengal, India
ABSTRACT
A single feed compact microstrip
antenna is proposed in this paper. L slit is (h) =1.5875 mm.
introduced on the right edge of the patch to study
the effect of the slit on radiation behavior with
respect to a conventional microstrip patch. The
resonant frequencies are obtained at 1.85, 2.4,
3.44 &4.31 GHz with corresponding bandwidth
10 MHz, 15.13 MHz, 35.19 MHz, 56.13 MHz and
return loss of about -29.58, -14.57, -15.89&-29.25
dB respectively. The antenna has been reduced
by 63 % when compared to a conventional
rectangular microstrip patch. The characteristics
of the designed structure are investigated by
using MoM based electromagnetic solver, IE3D.
Keywords – Compact, Conventional, patch, slit Fig 1. Antenna 2 Configuration
I. INTRODUCTION The optimal parameter values of the antenna are
Wireless communications is rapidly listed in Table1& 2.
progress due the development of lightweight, low
Table 1:
profile, flush-mounted and single-feed antennas.
Also, it is highly desirable to integrate several RF
Parameters
modules for different frequencies into one piece of
m n o p l1
equipment. Hence, multi-band antennas that can be
Values
used simultaneously in different standards have been
(mm) 11.3 11.54 9.65 2.7 12.5
in the focus points of many research projects [1-3].
To reduce the size of the antenna one of the effective
Table 2:
technique is cutting slit in proper position on the
microstrip patch. The work to be presented in this
Parameters
paper is also a compact microstrip antenna design
w1 w2 w3 l2
obtained by cutting an L slit on the right edge of the
Values
patch. Our aim is to reduce the size of the antenna as
(mm) 15.67 14.67 2 4.5
well as increase the operating bandwidth. The
proposed antenna (substrate with εr=2.4) has
maximum gain of 6.53 dBi and presents a size
reduction of 63% when compared to a conventional III. SIMULATED RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
microstrip [4-7] patch with a maximum bandwidth The simulated return loss (using IE3D [8])
of 56.13 MHz. The simulation has been carried out of the conventional & proposed antennas is shown in
by IE3D software which uses the MOM method. Fig. 2 & 3.
Due to the Small size, low cost and low weight this
antenna is a good candidate for the application of
mobile communication.
II. ANTENNA DESIGN
The configuration of the proposed antenna
is shown in Figure 1. The antenna is a 38.34 mm x
31.53 mm rectangular patch. The dielectric material
selected for this design is a Neltec NX 9240 epoxy
with dielectric constant (εr) =2.4 and substrate height
687 | P a g e
2. Barun Mazumdar / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.687-691
0
-5
Return loss in dB
-10
-15
-20
-25
2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Frequency in GHz
Fig 2 . Simulated return loss of the conventional
Fig 4 . E plane Radiation Pattern of the antenna 2 for
antenna.
1.85 GHz
0
-5
Return loss in dB
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Frequency in GHz
Fig 3 . Simulated return loss of the proposed antenna. Fig 5 . H plane Radiation Pattern of the antenna 2 for
1.85 GHz
In conventional antenna return loss found
of about -21.68 dB at 3 GHz & corresponding
bandwidth is 53.13 MHz. For antenna 2 return losses
-29.58 dB is obtained at 1.85 GHz, -14.57 dB at 2.4
GHz, -15.89 dB at 3.44 GHZ and -29.25 dB at 4.31
GHz and corresponding 10 dB bandwidth is 10
MHz, 15.13 MHz, 35.19 MHz and 56.13 MHz
respectively.
Simulated radiation pattern
The simulated E plane and H plane radiation patterns
for antenna 2 are shown in Figure 4-10.
Fig 6 . E plane Radiation Pattern of the antenna 2 for
2.4 GHz
688 | P a g e
3. Barun Mazumdar / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.687-691
Fig 8. H plane Radiation Pattern of the antenna 2 for
3.44 GHz
Fig 7 . H plane Radiation Pattern of the antenna 2 for
2.4 GHz
Fig 9 . E plane Radiation Pattern of the antenna 2 for
4.31 GHz
Fig 7 . E plane Radiation Pattern of the antenna 2 for
3.44 GHz
Fig 10 . H plane Radiation Pattern of the antenna 2
for 4.31 GHz
689 | P a g e
4. Barun Mazumdar / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.687-691
10
0
5
-5
0
Return loss in dB
-10
Gain in dBi
-5
-15
-10
-20
-15
Simulated result
Measuredresult
-25
-20 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Frequency in GHz
Frequecy in GHz
Fig 13. Comparison between measured and
Fig 11: Gain versus frequency plot for the antenna 2.
simulated return losses for conventional antenna.
Figure 11 shows the Gain versus frequency plot for
the antenna 2.It is observed that gain is about 1.55 0
dBi for 1.85 GHz, 6.06 dBi for 2.4 GHz , 6.53 dBi
-5
for 3.44 GHz & 5.72 dBi for 4.31 GHz.
Return loss in dB
-10
-15
Antenna efficiency
100 Radiating efficiency
-20
80
Efficiency in Percentage
-25
Simulated result
60 Measuredresult
-30
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
40 Frequency in GHz
20
Fig 14. Comparison between measured and
0
simulated return losses for proposed antenna
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Frequency in Ghz V. CONCLUSION
A single feed single layer L slit microstrip
antenna has been proposed in this paper. It is
Fig 12: Antenna efficiency versus frequency plot for shown that the proposed antenna can operate in
the antenna 2. four frequency bands. The slit reduced the size of
the antenna by 63 % and increase the bandwidth up
Efficiency of the antenna 2 with the variation of to 53.13 MHz with a return loss of -29.25 dB,
frequency is shown in figure 12. It is found that absolute gain about 6.53 dBi .Efficiency of antenna
antenna efficiency is about 78 % for 2.4 GHz, 87 % has been achieved 82 % for the higher band of
for 3.44 GHz & 82% for 4.31 GHz. operation. An optimization between size reduction
and bandwidth enhancement is maintained in this
IV. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS work.
Comparisons between the measured return
losses with the simulated ones are shown in Fig.13 REFERENCES
and 14. All the measurements are carried out using [1] Costantine, J. K. Y. Kabalan, A. El Hajj
Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) Agilent N5 and M. Rammal,“New multi-band
230A.The agreement between the simulated and microstrip antenna design for wireless
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between the measured and simulated results is due to Propagation Magazine,Vol.48,No.6, 181-
the effect of improper soldering of SMA connector 186,December 2007.
or fabrication tolerance.
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5. Barun Mazumdar / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.687-691
[2] H. Sabri and Z. Atlasbaf "Two Novel
Compact Triple-Band Microstrip Annular-
Ring Slot Antenna For PCS-1900 AND
WLAN Applications" Progress In
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[3] E. Wang, J. Zheng, Y. Liu ''A novel dual-
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[5] U.Chakraborty, B.Mazumdar, S. K.
Chowdhury, and A.K. Bhattacharjee, “A
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[6] P. Pigin, “Emerging mobile WiMax
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[7] C.A.Balanis, Advanced Engineering
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[8] Zeland Software Inc. IE3D: MoM-Based
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