The .NET Framework is a development platform created by Microsoft for building and running applications and services. It includes a common language runtime (CLR) that manages execution of code and provides core services such as memory management and security. The CLR allows code written in multiple languages to integrate via a common type system (CTS) and intermediate language (CIL). The .NET Framework supports both managed code, which runs under CLR control, and unmanaged code.

1. Introduction to dotnet
Framework
Ms. Sudhriti Sengupta
And
Dr. Lavanya Sharma

2. ?
What is the .NET Framework
A programming infrastructure created by
Microsoft for building, deploying, and running
applications and services that use .NET
technologies, such as desktop applications and
Web services

3. • .NET Framework provides GUI in a GUI manner.
• .NET is a platform independent but with help of
Mono Compilation System (MCS). MCS is a
middle level interface.
• .NET Framework provides interoperability
between languages i.e. Common Type System
(CTS) . It is a Framework that supports Multiple
Language and Cross languageintegration.
• .NET Framework also includes the .NET Common
Language Runtime (CLR), which is responsible for
maintaining the execution of all applications
developed using the .NET library.

4. • The .NET Framework is a new and
revolutionary platform created by Microsoft
for developing applications
• It has IDE (Integrated Development
Environment).
• Framework is a set of utilities or can say
building blocks of your application system. The
.NET Framework consists primarily of a
gigantic library of code known as Framework
base class.

5. Cross Language integration
• You can use a utility of a language in another
language (It uses Class Language Integration).
• The .NET Framework has been designed so that it
can be used from any language, including C#,
C++, Visual Basic, JScript, and even older
languages such as COBOL.
• .NET Framework includes no restriction on the
type of applications that are possible. The .NET
Framework allows the creation of Windows
applications, Web applications, Web services, and
lot more.

6. Web Application
All websites are example of web application.
They use a web server.

7. Internet Enabled Application
They are desktop application. Yahoo messenger
is an example of desktop application.

8. Peer to Peer
Communication through computers through
some system.

9. Web Services
It doesn't use web-based server. Internet
payment systems are example of web services.

10. Architecture of .NET Framework

11. Architecture of CLR

12. Code Manager
Code manager invokes class loader for
execution.
.NET supports two kind of coding
• Managed Code
• Unmanaged Code

13. Managed Code
• The resource, which is with in your application domain
is, managed code. The resources that are within
domain are faster.
• The code, which is developed in .NET framework, is
known as managed code. This code is directly executed
by CLR with help of managed code execution. Any
language that is written in .NET Framework is managed
code.
• Managed code uses CLR which in turns looks after your
applications by managing memory, handling security,
allowing cross - language debugging, and so on.

15. Unmanaged Code
• The code, which is developed outside .NET, Framework
is known as unmanaged code.
• Applications that do not run under the control of the
CLR are said to be unmanaged, and certain languages
such as C++ can be used to write such applications,
which, for example, access low - level functions of the
operating system. Background compatibility with code
of VB, ASP and COM are examples of unmanaged code.
• Unmanaged code can be unmanaged source code and
unmanaged compile code.
• Unmanaged code is executed with help of wrapper
classes.

16. Common Language Runtime (CLR)
• Common Language Runtime (CLR) is a
managed execution environment that is part
of Microsoft’s .NET framework. CLR manages
the execution of programs written in different
supported languages.
• CLR transforms source code into a form of
bytecode known as Common Intermediate
Language (CIL). At run time, CLR handles the
execution of the CIL code.

17. CLR
• Developers write code in a supported .NET
language, such as C# or VB.Net. The .NET
compiler then converts it into CIL code. During
run time, the CLR converts the CIL code into
something that can be understood by the
operating system. Alternately, the CIL code
can be transformed into native code by using
the native image generator (NGEN).

18. CLR
• The language compilers store metadata that
describes the members, types and references
in the compiled code. The CLR uses the
metadata to lay out instances in memory,
locate and load classes, enforce security, set
runtime context boundaries, and generate
native code.

19. CLR
• CLR allows for the easy use of different
supported languages to achieve a common
goal. This makes it flexible for developers to
choose their own programming language,
provided it is supported by the .NET
framework. With CLR, .NET can manage the
execution of all supported languages by
transforming them to bytecode and then into
the native code for the chosen platform.

21. CTS
• The Common Type System (CTS) is a standard for defining and using
data types in the .NETframework. CTS defines a collection of data
types, which are used and managed by the run time to facilitate
cross-language integration.
• CTS provides the types in the .NET Framework with which .NET
applications, components and controls are built in different
programming languages so information is shared easily. In contrast
to low-level languages like C and C++ where classes/structs have to
be used for defining types often used (like date or time), CTS
provides a rich hierarchy of such types without the need for any
inclusion of header files or libraries in the code.
CTS is a specification created by Microsoft and included in the
European Computer Manufacturer‘s Association standard. It also
forms the standard for implementing the .NET framework.

22. Integrated Development Environment
(IDE) for C#
Microsoft provides the following development tools for C#
programming −
• Visual Studio 2010 (VS)
• Visual C# 2010 Express (VCE)
• Visual Web Developer
The last two are freely available from Microsoft official
website. Using these tools, you can write all kinds of C#
programs from simple command-line applications to more
complex applications. You can also write C# source code files
using a basic text editor, like Notepad, and compile the code
into assemblies using the command-line compiler, which is
again a part of the .NET Framework.