IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
State Of The Art of Electronic Load Controller of Self- Excited Asynchronous ...IDES Editor
This paper describes the perception of the load
controller of a self-excited asynchronous generator with
constant power generation. Different load controller has
been reviewed. A simulation study of a simple electronic
load controller was done using MATLAB/Simulink
software. Performances of an asynchronous generator
with electronic load controller have been evaluated.
Discussions have been done over the simulation results.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Open Loop Control Of Series Parallel Resonant ConverterIDES Editor
Resonant converters are desirable for power
conversion due to their comparatively smaller size and
lower power losses resulting from high-frequency
operation and inherent soft switching. Among all the
topologies of the resonant converters, the series–parallel
resonant converter (SPRC) is known to have the
combined merits of the series resonant converter and
parallel resonant converter. The converter can regulate
the output voltage at a constant switching frequency even
for a change in load resistance from full load resistance to
infinity while maintaining good part load efficiency. The
purpose of this project is to design a closed loop
controller for the phase-controlled series parallel
resonant converter (PC SPRC). The open loop analysis
and closed loop control has been provided in this paper.
State Of The Art of Electronic Load Controller of Self- Excited Asynchronous ...IDES Editor
This paper describes the perception of the load
controller of a self-excited asynchronous generator with
constant power generation. Different load controller has
been reviewed. A simulation study of a simple electronic
load controller was done using MATLAB/Simulink
software. Performances of an asynchronous generator
with electronic load controller have been evaluated.
Discussions have been done over the simulation results.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Open Loop Control Of Series Parallel Resonant ConverterIDES Editor
Resonant converters are desirable for power
conversion due to their comparatively smaller size and
lower power losses resulting from high-frequency
operation and inherent soft switching. Among all the
topologies of the resonant converters, the series–parallel
resonant converter (SPRC) is known to have the
combined merits of the series resonant converter and
parallel resonant converter. The converter can regulate
the output voltage at a constant switching frequency even
for a change in load resistance from full load resistance to
infinity while maintaining good part load efficiency. The
purpose of this project is to design a closed loop
controller for the phase-controlled series parallel
resonant converter (PC SPRC). The open loop analysis
and closed loop control has been provided in this paper.
Design of Soft Switching Converter with Digital Signal Processor Based MPPT f...IDES Editor
This paper is based on the design of soft
switching converter (ZVS-ZCS resonant action) with
digital signal processor (DSP) based maximum power
point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for solar hybrid
applications. The converter aims to get the regulated
output voltage from several power sources like wind
turbines, photovoltaic (PV) arrays and energy from these
sources are simultaneously transferred to the load. The
input stage circuits for different energy sources are put in
parallel using a coupled inductor and the converter to
prevent power coupling effect it acts in interleaving
operating mode. As the buck/boost converter input range
is restricted interleaved ZVS-ZCS converter with low
switching loss and conduction loss and efficiency of more
than 92% can be easily achieved. DSP based MPPT
algorithm adjusts solar array voltage (equal to battery
voltage) with a digital compensator technique and
discrete PI control to track the MPP with high tracking
efficiency. Hence the proposed work gives a novel idea in
the modern hybrid energy system.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Design of an Integrated Power Factor Converter with PI Controller for Low Pow...IOSRJEEE
In this paper, an integrated power factor converter with PI controller is proposed. The circuit topology is obtained by integrating two converters namely the buck converter and a boost converter. The boost converter is normally a step up converter which obtain an unity power factor and performs low harmonics at the input. Based on the simple circuit topology and easy control the boost converter or buck-boost converter is used as power factor correctors. Similarly the buck converter regulates the dc-link voltage and provide a stable dc output voltage. To achieve unity power factor, the output voltage of both converter should be higher than the amplitude of the ac line voltage. The steady -state analysis is developed and a design is provided
A Comparative Study of Various AC-DC Converters for Low Voltage Energy Harves...paperpublications3
Abstract: Electromagnetic microscale and mesoscale power generators with low voltage outputs are now widely used as kinetic energy harvesters. The extrinsic vibrations on the generator can excite the internal oscillations between the proof mass magnet and the electrical damper coils. These oscillations produce a periodically varying magnetic flux in coil, inducing a corresponding AC output voltage. This output can be converted to dc and can be used to supply power to electronic loads. The conventional AC-DC converters for energy harvesting system with diode rectifiers suffer considerable voltage drop resulting increase in power loss of circuitry and complexity. As a remedy various bridgeless boost converters were designed and implemented. Standard H bridge converter with 4 switch or 2 switch, dual polarity boost converters, parallel combination of boost and buck-boost converter, integrated boost and buck-boost combination bridgeless rectifier are some of these. These circuits are studied, simulated and compared. The simulation models are drawn and simulated using MATLAB R2010a.
42 30 nA Comparative Study of Power Semiconductor Devices for Industrial PWM ...IAES-IJPEDS
The growing demand of energy translates into efficiency requirements of
energy conversion systems and electric drives. Both these systems are based
on Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Inverter. In this paper we firstly present
the state of art of the main types of semiconductors devices for Industrial
PWM Inverter. In particular we examine the last generations of Silicon
Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs and Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs)
and we present a comparison between these devices, obtained by SPICE
simulations, both for static characteristics at different temperatures and for
dynamic ones at different gate resistance, in order to identify the one which
makes the PWM inverter more efficient.
A New Soft-Switched Resonant DC-DC ConverterIDES Editor
This paper presents a new soft-switched resonant dcdc
converter using a passive snubber circuit. The proposed
converter uses a new zero voltage and zero current switching
(ZVZCS) strategies to get ZVZCS function. Besides operating
at constant frequency, all semiconductor devices operate at
soft-switching without additional voltage and current stresses.
In order to validate the proposed converter, computer
simulations and experimental results were conducted. The
paper indicates the effective converter operation region of the
soft-switching action and its efficiency improvement results
on the basis of experimental evaluations using laboratory
prototype.
The objective of this paper is to propose a modified Single Ended Primary Inductance converter topology with passive lossless snubber cell to achieve Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) of the device near turn off and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) near turn on. By using the snubber cell effectively with the converter reduces the switching stress by restricting the large variations in voltage and current. The detailed analysis of the circuit with relevant waveforms of the circuit is described. The circuit is designed for a load of 100W at 12V output from an input source ranging between 20-30V. The circuit is modelled in MATLAB Simulink platform and the parameters are compared with conventional circuit. From the results it is shown that the proposed circuit operates at a lesser voltage stress and at higher efficiency than conventional one.
This paper presents the simulation design of dc/dc interleaved boost converter with zero-voltage switching (ZVS). By employin the interleaved structure, the input current stresses to switching devices were reduced and this signified to a switching conduction loss reduction. All the parameters had been calculated theoretically. The proposed converter circuit was simulated by using MATLAB/Simulink and PSpice software programmes. The converter circuit model, with specifications of output power of 200 W, input voltage range from 10~60 V, and operates at 100 kHz switching frequency was simulated to validate the designed parameters. The results showed that the main switches of the model converter circuit achieved ZVS conditions during the interleaving operation. Consequently, the switching losses in the main switching devices were reduced. Thus, the proposed converter circuit model offers advantages of input current stress and switching loss reductions. Hence, based on the designed parameters and results, the converter model can be extended for hardware implementation.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The Analysis of Dead Time on Switching Loss in High and Low Side MOSFETs of Z...IDES Editor
This work is about the analysis of dead time variation
on switching losses in a Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS)
synchronous buck converter (SBC) circuit. In high frequency
converter circuits, switching losses are commonly linked with
high and low side switches of SBC circuit. They are activated
externally by the gate driver circuit. The duty ratio, dead time
and resonant inductor are the parameters that affect the
efficiency of the circuit. These variables can be adjusted for
the optimization purposes. The study primarily focuses on
varying the settings of input pulses of the MOSFETs in the
resonant gate driver circuit which consequently affects the
performance of the ZVS synchronous buck converter circuit.
Using the predetermined inductor of 9 nH, the frequency is
maintained at 1 MHz for each cycle transition. The switching
loss graph is obtained and switching losses for both S1 and S2
are calculated and compared to the findings from previous
work. It has shown a decrease in losses by 13.8 % in S1. A dead
time of 15 ns has been determined to be optimized value in
the SBC design.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Design of Soft Switching Converter with Digital Signal Processor Based MPPT f...IDES Editor
This paper is based on the design of soft
switching converter (ZVS-ZCS resonant action) with
digital signal processor (DSP) based maximum power
point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for solar hybrid
applications. The converter aims to get the regulated
output voltage from several power sources like wind
turbines, photovoltaic (PV) arrays and energy from these
sources are simultaneously transferred to the load. The
input stage circuits for different energy sources are put in
parallel using a coupled inductor and the converter to
prevent power coupling effect it acts in interleaving
operating mode. As the buck/boost converter input range
is restricted interleaved ZVS-ZCS converter with low
switching loss and conduction loss and efficiency of more
than 92% can be easily achieved. DSP based MPPT
algorithm adjusts solar array voltage (equal to battery
voltage) with a digital compensator technique and
discrete PI control to track the MPP with high tracking
efficiency. Hence the proposed work gives a novel idea in
the modern hybrid energy system.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Design of an Integrated Power Factor Converter with PI Controller for Low Pow...IOSRJEEE
In this paper, an integrated power factor converter with PI controller is proposed. The circuit topology is obtained by integrating two converters namely the buck converter and a boost converter. The boost converter is normally a step up converter which obtain an unity power factor and performs low harmonics at the input. Based on the simple circuit topology and easy control the boost converter or buck-boost converter is used as power factor correctors. Similarly the buck converter regulates the dc-link voltage and provide a stable dc output voltage. To achieve unity power factor, the output voltage of both converter should be higher than the amplitude of the ac line voltage. The steady -state analysis is developed and a design is provided
A Comparative Study of Various AC-DC Converters for Low Voltage Energy Harves...paperpublications3
Abstract: Electromagnetic microscale and mesoscale power generators with low voltage outputs are now widely used as kinetic energy harvesters. The extrinsic vibrations on the generator can excite the internal oscillations between the proof mass magnet and the electrical damper coils. These oscillations produce a periodically varying magnetic flux in coil, inducing a corresponding AC output voltage. This output can be converted to dc and can be used to supply power to electronic loads. The conventional AC-DC converters for energy harvesting system with diode rectifiers suffer considerable voltage drop resulting increase in power loss of circuitry and complexity. As a remedy various bridgeless boost converters were designed and implemented. Standard H bridge converter with 4 switch or 2 switch, dual polarity boost converters, parallel combination of boost and buck-boost converter, integrated boost and buck-boost combination bridgeless rectifier are some of these. These circuits are studied, simulated and compared. The simulation models are drawn and simulated using MATLAB R2010a.
42 30 nA Comparative Study of Power Semiconductor Devices for Industrial PWM ...IAES-IJPEDS
The growing demand of energy translates into efficiency requirements of
energy conversion systems and electric drives. Both these systems are based
on Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Inverter. In this paper we firstly present
the state of art of the main types of semiconductors devices for Industrial
PWM Inverter. In particular we examine the last generations of Silicon
Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs and Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs)
and we present a comparison between these devices, obtained by SPICE
simulations, both for static characteristics at different temperatures and for
dynamic ones at different gate resistance, in order to identify the one which
makes the PWM inverter more efficient.
A New Soft-Switched Resonant DC-DC ConverterIDES Editor
This paper presents a new soft-switched resonant dcdc
converter using a passive snubber circuit. The proposed
converter uses a new zero voltage and zero current switching
(ZVZCS) strategies to get ZVZCS function. Besides operating
at constant frequency, all semiconductor devices operate at
soft-switching without additional voltage and current stresses.
In order to validate the proposed converter, computer
simulations and experimental results were conducted. The
paper indicates the effective converter operation region of the
soft-switching action and its efficiency improvement results
on the basis of experimental evaluations using laboratory
prototype.
The objective of this paper is to propose a modified Single Ended Primary Inductance converter topology with passive lossless snubber cell to achieve Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) of the device near turn off and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) near turn on. By using the snubber cell effectively with the converter reduces the switching stress by restricting the large variations in voltage and current. The detailed analysis of the circuit with relevant waveforms of the circuit is described. The circuit is designed for a load of 100W at 12V output from an input source ranging between 20-30V. The circuit is modelled in MATLAB Simulink platform and the parameters are compared with conventional circuit. From the results it is shown that the proposed circuit operates at a lesser voltage stress and at higher efficiency than conventional one.
This paper presents the simulation design of dc/dc interleaved boost converter with zero-voltage switching (ZVS). By employin the interleaved structure, the input current stresses to switching devices were reduced and this signified to a switching conduction loss reduction. All the parameters had been calculated theoretically. The proposed converter circuit was simulated by using MATLAB/Simulink and PSpice software programmes. The converter circuit model, with specifications of output power of 200 W, input voltage range from 10~60 V, and operates at 100 kHz switching frequency was simulated to validate the designed parameters. The results showed that the main switches of the model converter circuit achieved ZVS conditions during the interleaving operation. Consequently, the switching losses in the main switching devices were reduced. Thus, the proposed converter circuit model offers advantages of input current stress and switching loss reductions. Hence, based on the designed parameters and results, the converter model can be extended for hardware implementation.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The Analysis of Dead Time on Switching Loss in High and Low Side MOSFETs of Z...IDES Editor
This work is about the analysis of dead time variation
on switching losses in a Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS)
synchronous buck converter (SBC) circuit. In high frequency
converter circuits, switching losses are commonly linked with
high and low side switches of SBC circuit. They are activated
externally by the gate driver circuit. The duty ratio, dead time
and resonant inductor are the parameters that affect the
efficiency of the circuit. These variables can be adjusted for
the optimization purposes. The study primarily focuses on
varying the settings of input pulses of the MOSFETs in the
resonant gate driver circuit which consequently affects the
performance of the ZVS synchronous buck converter circuit.
Using the predetermined inductor of 9 nH, the frequency is
maintained at 1 MHz for each cycle transition. The switching
loss graph is obtained and switching losses for both S1 and S2
are calculated and compared to the findings from previous
work. It has shown a decrease in losses by 13.8 % in S1. A dead
time of 15 ns has been determined to be optimized value in
the SBC design.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Electric Load Forecasting Using Genetic Algorithm – A Review IJMER
Many real-world problems from operations research and management science are very
complex in nature and quite hard to solve by conventional optimization techniques. So, intelligent
solutions based on genetic algorithm (GA), to solve these complicated practical problems in various
sectors are becoming more and more widespread nowadays. GAs are being developed and deployed
worldwide in myriad applications, mainly because of their symbolic reasoning, flexibility and
explanation capabilities.
This paper provides an overview of GAs, as well as their current use in the field of electric load
forecasting. The types of GA are outlined, leading to a discussion of the various types and parameters of
load forecasting. The paper concludes by sharing thoughts and estimations on GA for load forecasting
for future prospects in this area. This review reveals that although still regarded as a novel
methodology, GA technologies are shown to have matured to the point of offering real practical benefits
in many of their applications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Fuzzy based control of Transformer less Coupled inductor based DC-DC converterIJERA Editor
Most of the industrial applications use any one of the basic DC-DC converter configurations namely buck,
boost, buck–boost, and Cuk converters. These converters are non-isolating converters. Buck-boost converters
use inductors for storing energy from the source and release the same to load or output. This results in high
stress across magnetic components. This drawback restricts usage of buck-boost converters to low power
applications. Flyback converters popularly have known as buck-boost converters uses transformers for
achieving wide range of step down and step up voltages. Coupled inductor based converters or tapped inductor
based converters are used for achieving wide input – wide output conversion ratios. Coherent transition between
step-down and step-up modes is achieved by a proper control scheme. This paper proposes fuzzy logic based
closed loop control scheme for control of converter switches. Theoretical derivations of control parameters with
their membership values, mamdani based rules for development of fuzzy rules and simulation results of a
coupled inductor based DC-DC converter using MATLAB / SIMULINK are concluded.
This paper proposes an alternative topology of an inverter to the existing topologies available in the market. A prototype is intended with the purpose of investigates the possibility of designing an inverter using two Boost Converters. This project initialized with a series of simulations using Matlab in order to determine the feasibility of the proposed topology. The next step is the design and development of the proposed prototype where suitable electronics components are chosen based on the simulation result. A PIC microcontroller is used to control the proposed prototype where a control scheme is created based on the programming in the microcontroller. The performance of the proposed prototype has been verified to be optimum by several practical testing using different values of capacitor, inductor and duty cycle. Lastly, data and analysis are presented in a proper mannered way. In the end, this project intends to produce stepped-up square wave output voltage waveform by proper controlling of two Boost Converters.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
In order to meet the increase in energy demand globally it is necessary to harness renewable energy at its maximum potential for the purpose of electric power generation. For the achievement of high output voltage and efficiency DC-DC converters plays a vital role in low voltage PV array and fuel cells. LUO converters are gaining importance because of geometric progression output. . LUO converters find its application because of high transient performance of the system, high power transfer gain, efficiency and reduced ripple .Because of load and line disturbances the output voltage of DC-DC converter must be operated in closed loop mode. This paper interpolates multitudinous controller for positive output elementary super lift LUO converter (POESLL). The pursuance of the converter under manifold such as variation in input, load are developed and compared for current mode controller and SMC.
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Design and Simulation of Efficient DC-DC Converter Topology for a Solar PV Mo...Sajin Ismail
Modulated Integrated Converter systems are considered to be the new and global turning point in the field of
Solar PV systems. These converters are highly recognised for its modular size and compact nature and they are supposed to
be attached directly with each PV module and since one PV module is having the power rating of a few watts ranging from
0-500Ws, the design rating would be in the same range and thus the most vital condition in such a design is efficiency
under these relatively low loads. In this paper an isolated interleaved boost converter topology is considered in the DC-DC
section and which is designed and simulated for a specific power rating (250W) and the efficiency is analysed with varying
load conditions and compared with the target efficiency of the system.
A Novel Approach of Position Estimation and Power Factor Corrector Converter ...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper proposes a Power factor Corrected (PFC) Bridgeless Buck-Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive. The Bridgeless configuration eliminates the Diode Bridge Rectifier in order to reduce the number of components and the conduction loss. The position sensors used in BLDC drives have drawbacks of additional cost, mechanical alignment problems. These bottle necks results in sensorless technique. The Sensorless technique mostly relies on measurement of Back EMF to determine relative positions of stator and rotor for the correct coil energising sequence can be implemented. This paper introduces the offline Finite Element method for sensorless operation. The proposed sensorless scheme estimates the motor position at standstill and running condition. The obtained Power Factor is within the acceptable limits IEC 61000-3-2. The proposed drive is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink the obtained results are validated experimentally on a developed prototype of the drive.
Average current control of DC-DC Cuk Converters as Power Factor CorrectorIJERA Editor
The era of electronic devices in all loads due to the manufacturing technologies replaced many conventional electrical or mechanical loads including lighting loads where Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) is becoming an emerging technique with many advantages. High frequency switching dc-dc converter is a new technology to control the load and the supply side simultaneously. Due to additional harmonics generated by these switching converters power factor correction has become a necessity in utility side. This paper focuses on the power factor correction of the supply side when employing an ideal LED load with dc-dc Cuk converter. This paper also illustrates the controlling of the power factor correction employing high switching frequency dc-dc converters. The control loops employed are discussed and the strategy for designing the compensator is also explained. The simulated results have been shown to ascertain the accepted performance of the power factor correction converter.
PHASE 2 R2 hybrid based landsman converter.pptxGunal16
We have implemented the Landsman converter for an AC/DC grid using a hybrid energy source, and present our hardware implementation in this paper The Landsman converter is a proposed solution to reduce the number of reverse conversions required in individual AC or DC grids, and to simplify the connection of various renewable AC and DC sources and loads to the power system. The input sources for the system are solar panels and wind energy conversion systems (WECS), each equipped with a Landsman converter. The WECS and solar panels are connected to the input DC line. To store energy, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and battery are connected to the DC bus. The dsPIC microcontroller is its ability to generate Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals, which are used to provide the gate pulse to the Landsman converter and single-phase voltage source inverter. The single-phase voltage source inverter converts the DC supply to AC and supplies it to the load. grid synchronization, with variable DC and AC loads connected to their respective DC and AC buses to simulate different loads
The measurement of various ouput of this hardware is taken in digital oscilloscope.
The hardware's output measurements are taken using a
digital oscilloscope. the input voltage of 12v is given to the landsman converter from the energy source is shown in figure 11 using DSOWe have implemented the Landsman converter for an AC/DC grid using a hybrid energy source, and present our hardware implementation in this paper The Landsman converter is a proposed solution to reduce the number of reverse conversions required in individual AC or DC grids, and to simplify the connection of various renewable AC and DC sources and loads to the power system. The input sources for the system are solar panels and wind energy conversion systems (WECS), each equipped with a Landsman converter. The WECS and solar panels are connected to the input DC line. To store energy, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and battery are connected to the DC bus. The dsPIC microcontroller is its ability to generate Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals, which are used to provide the gate pulse to the Landsman converter and single-phase voltage source inverter. The single-phase voltage source inverter converts the DC supply to AC and supplies it to the load. grid synchronization, with variable DC and AC loads connected to their respective DC and AC buses to simulate different loads
The measurement of various ouput of this hardware is taken in digital oscilloscope.
The hardware's output measurements are taken using a
digital oscilloscope. the input voltage of 12v is given to the landsman converter from the energy source is shown in figure 11 using DSOWe have implemented the Landsman converter for an AC/DC grid using a hybrid energy source, and present our hardware implementation in this paper The Landsman converter is a proposed solution to reduce the number of reverse conversions required in individual AC or dc grid
Design and Development of Power Electronic Controller for Grid-connected PV A...IJAPEJOURNAL
Design and simulation of a simple power electronic interface for grid-connected PV array has been proposed using boost converter and line-commutated inverter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. The output of PV array varies with irradiation, and hence the duty cycle of the PI controller is adjusted automatically to supply a constant DC voltage to the inverter circuit, the output of which is directly connected to the grid. The MPPT controller extracts maximum power from the solar array and feeds it to the single-phase utility grid. The proposed scheme has been modeled in the MATLAB 7.1 software and the complete system has been simulated for open loop and closed loop configurations. The active power fed to the grid is taken for different firing angles in open loop mode and the firing angle for maximum power has been determined. This is compared with the firing angle obtained from the closed loop mode and found that both results agree with each other.
A Integrated Technique of SIDO PFC Fly back Converter in power systemIJMTST Journal
Energy saving is the major international efforts to control down the global warming .Power electronics based devices has being improving day by day for saving the electrical energy in the power grids. The govt. of India is also contributing several projects based on energy conservation. The Designing of a single-inductor dual output (SIDO) fly-back power factor correction (PFC) converter is proposed, in which the PFC and power conversion are done at the same time, multiplexing of a single-inductor is implemented through which each output can be regulated independently. The converter will be operating under in critical conduction mode (CRM). A SIDO PFC converter is a system of dual efficient DC output obtained from the AC source, it can also be replaced by solar panel and our system is capable of running a dc motor also, fly back converter can be used in both ac-dc and dc-dc conversion process. The efficiency along with power factor, total harmonic distortion (THD), settling time and output accuracy of this converter will be improved by implementing the neural network as controllers in the system
Modeling and Simulation of Closed Loop Controlled Parallel Cascaded Buck Boos...IJPEDS-IAES
This Work deals with design, modeling and simulation of parallel cascaded
buck boost converter inverter based closed loop controlled solar system. Two
buck boost converters are cascaded in parallel to reduce the ripple in DC
output. The DC from the solar cell is stepped up using boost converter. The
output of the boost converter is converted to 50Hz AC using single phase full
bridge inverter. The simulation results of open loop and closed loop systems
are compared. This paper has presented a simulink model for closed loop
controlled solar system. Parallel cascaded buck boost converter is proposed
for solar system.
Single-Input Double Output High Efficient Boost Dc–Dc ConverterIJMER
The aim of this project is to develop a high-efficiency single-input multiple-output (SIMO) dc–dc converter. The proposed converter can boost the voltage of a low-voltage input power source to a controllable high-voltage dc bus and middle-voltage output terminals. The high-voltage dc bus can take as the main power for a high-voltage dc load or the front terminal of a dc–ac inverter.Moreover, middle-voltage output terminals can supply powers for individual middle-voltage dc loads or for charging auxiliary power sources (e.g., battery modules). In this project, a coupled-inductor based dc–dc converter scheme utilizes only one power switch with the properties of voltage clamping and soft switching, and the corresponding device specifications are adequately designed. As a result, the objectives of high-efficiency power conversion, high step up ratio, and various output voltages with different levels can be obtained
Single-Input Double Output High Efficient Boost Dc–Dc Converter
Dn24733737
1. Pankaj kapoor, Lobzang Phunchok, Sunandan Kumar, Asst. Prof. Om Prakash Rahi / International
Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622
www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue 4, June-July 2012, pp.733-737
Frequency Control Of Micro Hydro Power Plant Using Electronic Load
Controller
Pankaj kapoor*, Lobzang Phunchok**, Sunandan Kumar***, Asst. Prof. Om
Prakash Rahi****
*(Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Hamirpur,
** (Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Hamirpur,
***(Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Hamirpur,
**** (Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Hamirpur,
ABSTRACT
Water turbines, like petrol or diesel engines, • MHPP system offer a stable, inflation proof,
will vary in speed as load is applied or relieved . economical and renewable source of electricity.
Although not such a great problem with machinery • MHPP fulfill your basic needs like lighting etc.
which uses direct shaft power, this speed variation will • A 100 kW system will produce 100 standard units
seriously affect both frequency and voltage output of electricity in 1hour.
from a generator. Traditionally, complex hydraulic or • Most of MHPP is „run of river means not need of
mechanical speed governors altered flow as the load large dam .
varied, but more recently an electronic load controller • „Fuel-free‟ source of power.
(ELC) has been developed which has increased the • Different to large hydro since environmental
simplicity and reliability of modern micro-hydro sets. impacts of installation are negligible[1].
An ELC is a solid-state electronic device designed to
regulate output power of a micro-hydropower system
and maintaining a near-constant load on the turbine
generates stable voltage and frequency. In this paper
an ELC constantly senses and regulates the generated
frequency. The frequency is directly proportional to
the speed of the turbine.
Keywords – Micro hydro power plant, Synchronous
generator, Electronic load controller, IGBT, Sim power.
1 INTRODUCTION
Flowing and falling water have potential energy. Fig 1: Civil components of MHPP
Hydropower comes from converting energy in flowing • Renewable energy source therefore helping to
water by means of a water wheel or through a turbine into reduce greenhouse gas emissions and having a net
useful mechanical power. This power is converted into positive impact on the environment.
electricity using an electric generator or is used directly to • Constant generation over long periods unlike
run milling machines. The concept of generating wind and solar power
electricity from water has been around for a long time and • Good correlation with demand (more hydro
there are many large hydro-electric facilities around the energy is available in winter when heating loads
world. What is new to most people is the idea that this are high)
same concept will work on a smaller – and even individual • Long lifetime of systems, typically 30 years or
– scale. With the rising costs of utility power and more
refinements to micro-hydro systems, it is now not only • Low maintenance requirements and running costs
possible, but also very practical, to look at water as the • Reasonable payback for grid -connected systems,
source for your electricity [1]. often 5-8 years or less
• MHPP generally classified as having generating
capacity between 5kw to 100kw. 2 MODELING OF CONTROLLER
• Depending on individual circumstances, people The considered Controller consists of an
find that they need to develop their own source of uncontrolled diode rectifier bridge, a control circuit, a
electric power. solid-state switch (IGBT) operating as a chopper and the
dump load (resistors). The stator voltage is fed to the
controller circuit through a small value of source
inductance (Lf) and resistance (Rf) . A filtering capacitor
733 | P a g e
2. Pankaj kapoor, Lobzang Phunchok, Sunandan Kumar, Asst. Prof. Om Prakash Rahi / International
Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622
www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue 4, June-July 2012, pp.733-737
(C) is connected across the rectifier output to filter out the
ac ripples of the dc voltage. In above T m and Te are
positive for generator and negative for motor. The
combined inertia of rotor and generator is accelerated by
unbalance in the mechanical and electrical torque. Thus
equation can be written as[2,11]
ȷ =Ta=Tm-Te
(1)
Where J = Combined inertia of generator and turbine kg-
m2 ωm =Angular velocity of rotor mech rad/sec; t = time in
seconds.
If the synchronous generator which is connected to turbine
rotating at angular velocity ωr rad/sec and δ is the angular
position of rotor in radians calculated with respect to
reference position. The per unit form of the equation can
be written as
= ( m- e-KD∆ r)
(2) Where K D is damping
coefficient, H is the normalized inertia constant represents
K.E stored in the rotor. The mechanical starting time T M =
2H sec, is defined as time required for rated torque to
accelerate the rotor from stand still to rated speed. The
change in angular position of rotor is given by
=ωo∆ r (3)
Fig 2: Schematic diagram of controller with Control
Where ∆ r is the per unit angular velocity of rotor in circuit
electrical rad/sec. The volt–current relation of the Charging and discharging of the filter capacitor is
complete load controller system is
expressed as Pvd=Pvd
Vmax=2Rfid + 2Lfpid+vd
(4) (6)
from which the derivative of controller current (id) is with IL= +S (7)
defined as
where, S is the switching function indicating the
d= (5) switching status of the IGBT switch. When the switch is
closed, then S = 1 and when the switch is opened, then S =
Where, vmax is the maximum value of ac line 0. The switching states of the IGBT chopper (S = 1 or 0)
voltages (va ,vb, vc, -va, -vb and –vc )depending on which depend on the output of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
diode pair is conducting and vd is the dc-link voltage. The wave with the varying duty cycle which compares the
ac dump load currents in the three phases (IDa , IDb. and output of Proportional Integral (PI) voltage controller.
IDc) are obtained by using the magnitude of Id and
direction (sign) corresponding to conducting pairs of 2.1 MODELING OF CONTROL SCHEME OF
diodes CONTROLLER
The closed-loop control is the heart of controller
and it plays a vital role in keeping the terminal voltage of
the SG constant. The SG output voltage is sensed using a
step-down transformer and converted to dc through a
single-phase rectifier circuit for the feedback signal, as
shown in Fig. 5.4. A small capacitor (Cs ) is used to filter
the ripples out from the rectified voltage to be used as the
feedback signal (vdf) and it is compared with the reference
voltage(vref ) [3]
The error voltage is fed to a PI voltage controller.
The output of controller is compared with the saw tooth
carrier waveform to result in the PWM signal to alter the
duty cycle of the chopper. The single-phase rectifier
circuit used in this feedback loop is modeled as [4]
Vf =R ffi df+L ff+Kvdf (8)
734 | P a g e
3. Pankaj kapoor, Lobzang Phunchok, Sunandan Kumar, Asst. Prof. Om Prakash Rahi / International
Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622
www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue 4, June-July 2012, pp.733-737
Here, vf is the absolute value of the instantaneous value of when vst > vo, and S = 0, when v st < 0, where S is the
the ac output voltage of the step-down transformer switching function used for generating the gating signal of
corresponding to the SG voltage (va or –va) depending on the IGBT of the chopper of the controller [9]. The PWM
which diode pair is conducting and vdf is the dc voltage. R signal is fed to an opto-isolator, which isolates the power
ff and L ff are the resistance and leakage inductance of the circuit and the control circuit. The opto-isolator inverts the
step-down transformer, respectively. K is a constant signal at its output and hence a single stage transistor
depending upon the tapping of the potentiometer. The amplifier is used at its output, which again inverts the
derivative of current (Idf ) is given as [5] signal to regain the original signal. This signal is then fed
to a push-pull amplifier, which drives the IGBT chopper
pi df= (9) with the appropriate duty cycle [10].
Fig: Voltage Sensing Circuit
Charging and discharging of the filtering
capacitor (Cs) at the output of the single-phase Fig: Control Diagram of Proposed System
uncontrolled rectifier is as follows [6]:
pvd= (10) 3 Simulation results and discussion
The objective of this work is to simulate a
Voltage vdf is used as the feedback voltage signal and Synchronous generator with load controller under various
compared with the reference signal. The resulting error is operating conditions. The complete MATLAB Simulink
fed to the PI voltage controller. The analog PI voltage model is developed with the help of sim power system
controller modeled as [7] block sets. In each case , Synchronous generator is
P v01=K1 (11) starting at different operating characteristics of voltage
build up for all three lines at Synchronous generator
v02 =K (vref - v df ) (12) terminals, Rotor speed and stator 3- phase current,
The output signal of the PI controller (v0) is voltages, speed, excitation voltage, error frequency and
v 0 = v 01 + v02 (13) frequency of generated voltage, and controller Id &Vd is
simulated with respect to simulation time respectivel
where vref is the reference voltage, K1 = R f b
/R1 = 34.55 and T cc = Rf b fb = 0.1935 as R f b = 194 k Ω, 1 Three line currents build up at Synchronous generator
R1 = 5.6 k Ω, C f b = 1 μF. R1, Rf b and R1are the input terminals start at time 0.179 sec with the magnitude of
resistance, feedback resistance, and feedback capacitance 0.6pu. as shown in fig 1
used in the analog PI controller. The output of the PI
controller (v0) is compared with the saw-tooth PWM
carrier waveform. The saw tooth waveform is defined a
[8]
v st = (14)
where Am is an amplitude of the saw tooth carrier
waveform (2.38 V), t is time in micro sec‟s, and T p is a
time period (200μs) of the saw tooth PWM carrier wave.
The PI controller output voltage (v0 ) is compared with the
saw tooth carrier waveform and output is fed to the gate of
the chopper switch (IGBT), which is operated as: S = 1,
735 | P a g e
4. Pankaj kapoor, Lobzang Phunchok, Sunandan Kumar, Asst. Prof. Om Prakash Rahi / International
Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622
www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue 4, June-July 2012, pp.733-737
2 Three line voltage build up at Synchronous generator 7 The Synchronous controller pulses signal behaviour is
terminals start at time 0 sec and start excited from the rate simulated as shown in fig 7
value. as shown in fig 2
8 The Synchronous generator‟s controller characteristic of
Id & Vd is simulated as shown in fig 8
3 The Excitation voltage is simulated as shown in fig.3. It
having value of 0.16(pu) and become constant
4 The Synchronous generator‟s frequency is simulated. It Conclusion
slowly as shown in fig 4
The objective of this work is to simulate a
Synchronous generator with load controller under various
operating conditions. The complete MATLAB Simulink
model is developed with the help of sim power system
block sets. The idea behind this simulation of Micro hydro
power plant was that with the change in load, the speed of
the rotor changes. Excess load should be dumped to
maintain the speed. The characteristics of rotor speed and
5 The SG error frequency is simulated as shown in fig 5. frequency are having negative slope, that is, they are
decreasing with increase in load. The error in frequency is
rising. Pulses are given to the controller to switch on the
controller accordingly. Controller brings a dump load into
the picture. Rests are the voltage and current
characteristics which are normal waves. The disturbance in
the voltage waveform is because of the switching of the
CB at that instant. The voltage and current pulses are of
zero and one magnitude because of the low resistance
6 The rotor speed (pu) of Synchronous generator is value.
simulated. It slowly start from 0 sec. and goes up to its
rated value in negative direction (as the case of generator) REFERENCES
as shown in fig 6
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5. Pankaj kapoor, Lobzang Phunchok, Sunandan Kumar, Asst. Prof. Om Prakash Rahi / International
Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622
www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue 4, June-July 2012, pp.733-737
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