This document discusses diabetes mellitus, including its definition, classification, signs and symptoms, complications, and treatment. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1, where the body does not produce insulin, and type 2, where the body does not produce enough insulin or the insulin is not effective. Left uncontrolled, diabetes can lead to serious complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular system. Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise as well as medications like insulin or oral drugs to control blood sugar levels and prevent complications. Careful dental management is also important for individuals with diabetes.
This presentation gives an insight to management of diabetic patient with regard to dental treatments or procedures.
It also highlight the major emergencies that arises in treatment of diabetic patient and how to manage such incidences.
This is a brief discussion on diabetes mellitus as medical emergency that can be encountered in any dental office.
What to do in such conditions is what I've briefly tried to explain over here.
Regards,
Dr. Abhishek Sharma
(M.D.S - 2016 Batch ; Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery)
This presentation gives an insight to management of diabetic patient with regard to dental treatments or procedures.
It also highlight the major emergencies that arises in treatment of diabetic patient and how to manage such incidences.
This is a brief discussion on diabetes mellitus as medical emergency that can be encountered in any dental office.
What to do in such conditions is what I've briefly tried to explain over here.
Regards,
Dr. Abhishek Sharma
(M.D.S - 2016 Batch ; Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery)
This lecture discuss the topic of dental management of medically compromised patient who suffers from diabetes mellitus. it's simple lecture that directed to the level of mind of undergraduate students. thanks for viewing and reading, and please share the knowledge!
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Dental Management of patient with Hypertension. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
This lecture talk about the disturbance of adrenal gland hormones and how it affect health. it also discuss in brief how to manage such condition in your dental clinic
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood glucose level caused by either absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Classifications,sings and symptoms,complications,and prevalence of the disease particularly in Egypt are presented. Management of diabetic patients undergoing oral surgical procedures is discussed.
DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF MEDICALLY COMPLEX PATIENTAvinandan Jana
Dental-management companies consolidate and manage dental practices. They do everything from providing minimal consulting services to total management of the entire practice. ... The management company hires and trains all support staff and manages all aspects of the practice`s operation (except the treatment of patients).
Dental Management of Patient with Diabetes Mellitus PresentationIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture discuss the topic of dental management of medically compromised patient who suffers from diabetes mellitus. it's simple lecture that directed to the level of mind of undergraduate students. thanks for viewing and reading, and please share the knowledge!
This lecture discuss the topic of dental management of medically compromised patient who suffers from diabetes mellitus. it's simple lecture that directed to the level of mind of undergraduate students. thanks for viewing and reading, and please share the knowledge!
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Dental Management of patient with Hypertension. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
This lecture talk about the disturbance of adrenal gland hormones and how it affect health. it also discuss in brief how to manage such condition in your dental clinic
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood glucose level caused by either absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Classifications,sings and symptoms,complications,and prevalence of the disease particularly in Egypt are presented. Management of diabetic patients undergoing oral surgical procedures is discussed.
DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF MEDICALLY COMPLEX PATIENTAvinandan Jana
Dental-management companies consolidate and manage dental practices. They do everything from providing minimal consulting services to total management of the entire practice. ... The management company hires and trains all support staff and manages all aspects of the practice`s operation (except the treatment of patients).
Dental Management of Patient with Diabetes Mellitus PresentationIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture discuss the topic of dental management of medically compromised patient who suffers from diabetes mellitus. it's simple lecture that directed to the level of mind of undergraduate students. thanks for viewing and reading, and please share the knowledge!
Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of diseases that affect how the body uses blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is an important source of energy for the cells that make up the muscles and tissues. It's also the brain's main source of fuel. The main cause of diabetes varies by type.
MANAGEMENTS ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Diabetes mellitus DM affects all age groups and its prevalence has been increasing because of lifestyle changes, increased life span, etc. In order to provide safe and effective oral medical care for patients with diabetes, proper understanding of the disease is necessary, along with familiarity of the oral manifestations. The goal of therapy is to promote oral health in patients with diabetes, to diagnose diabetes. The sooner the disease is diagnosed, the better the prognosis of the patient, since complications in the early stage of the disease are less severe and more readily treated. As a member of the health care team, the dental
practitioner should have knowledge of oral manifestations of DM to recognize initial symptoms of the disease. Also when treating DM patients, the practitioner must understand the consequences of the controlled disease in relation to orthodontic treatment. This paper reviews the management of DM patient during orthodontic treatment.
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
3. Diabetes is a condition where the
body either fail to produce insulin (type
1)or the insulin that’s produced no
longer as effect(type 2 DM)
Definition
Insulin is a hormone produced in the
beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans
within the pancreas. Insulin is
released directly into the bloodstream
and is therefore part of the endocrine
system. • Insulin acts like a key which
allows blood glucose to enter the cells
around the body for use as an energy
supply. • Glucose is essential for the
body to function properly. The brain is
particularly affected by any reduction
in blood glucose supply due to its lack
of capacity for glucose storage.
Diabetic mellitus Insulin
4. Epidemiology● Type 2 DM accounts for 90-95% of all
patients with DM.
● Type 1 DM is four times more prevalent
than type 2 DM in persons younger than
20 years of age.
● It is the fourth or fifth leading cause of
death.
● Obesity is a major factor in the continual
rise
in the number of cases of DM.
● Other factors associated with the increasing
prevalence of diabetes are the increasing
population, increasing life expectancy, and
increasing number of affected persons who
have offspring who will pass on the disease
Prevalence
7. In this condition the idiopathic auto immune disease (T cells)
attacks and destroys the insulin producing beta cells of the
pancreas
There is beta cell deficiency leading to complete insulin
deficiency
The destruction may take time but the onset of the disease is
rapid and may occur over a few days to weeks
There may be other autoimmune conditions associated with
type 1 diabetes including vitiligo Addison's diseas
Type 1 diabetes always requires insulin therapy, and will not
respond to insulin-stimulating oral drugs
● Type1
8. This condition is caused by a relative deficiency of insulin
and not an absolute deficiency
Body is unable to produce adequate insulin to meet the
needs, there is Beta cell deficiency coupled with peripheral
insulin resistance
Peripheral insulin resistance means that although blood
levels of insulin are high there is no hypoglycemia or low
blood sugar
In most cases over time the patients need to take insulin
when oral drugs fail to stimulate adequate insulin release
Type 2
9. Gestational diabetes is caused when there are excessive
counter-insulin hormones of pregnancy
This leads to a state of insulin resistance and high blood
sugar in the mother
There may be defective insulin receptors
Gestational diabetes
10. Other specific types of diabetes can be caused by specific ge
ne defects, endocrine conditions such as primary destruction
of islet cells through inflammation, cancer, surgery, hyperpitui
tarism, or hyperthyroidism. Iatrogenic disease that occurs aft
er steroid administration is a known cause
Other specific types of
diabetes mellitus
11. Sign & Symptom
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
Muscle weakness
Blurred vision
Poor wound healing
Breath odor or an acetone odor
Numbness and tingling
Weight loss or gain
12. Predisposing Factor
Overweight
Family history of diabetes mellitus
Hypercholesterolemia
Physical inactivity
Gestational diabetes mellitus
depression
Age
Race
13. Complications of diabetes are related to the level
of hyperglycemia and pathologic changes that
occur within the vascular system and the
peripheral nervous system
Both the duration and degree of hyperglycemia
directly relates to frequency and severity of the
complications and morbidity seen in diabetic
patients.
Complication
15. Oral Manifestation
1. Xerostomia
2. Bacterial, viral and fungal infections
3. Poor wound healing
4. Increased incidence & severity of caries
5. Gingivitis and periodontal disease
6. Burning mouth symptoms
7. Traumatic ulcers
8. Paresthesia and tingling
9. Numbness
10. Acetone teste
11. Atrophy of the oral mucosa
12. Bilateral sialosis
13. Edentulism
16. Deference between hypo & hyper glycaemia
1. When a blood-sugar (glucose) level get low in
the blood. .
2. High pulse Pale skin Confused state of mind
Anxiety Tantrums. Fast heartbeat Headache
3. Excess of insulin Excessive exercise
4. It damages eyes, kidneys, fits, confusion
5. Hypoglycemia is a sudden outcome
6. When blood glucose level of less than 70-100
mg per deciliter
1. When a blood-sugar (glucose) level rises in
blood
2. Increased thirst (Polydipsia) More urination than
usual (Polyuria) High-volume rapid pulse rate
Hot and dry skin Abdomen pain Vomiting
Drowsiness, fatigue or no energy Weight loss.
3. Too much intake of food The absence of insulin
Stress Side effects of drugs.
4. It may lead to coma, urinary excretion, nerve
damage, unconsciousness, infertility, blurred
vision.
5. Hyperglycemia develops slowly over a long
period When blood glucose level rises above
126 mg per deciliter
Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia
18. Specific laboratory findings
01
Random sampling
03
02
After fasting
04
oral glucose
tolerance test
Glycosylated
hemoglobin
The Hb1Ac can provide
false positive and
negative values in rare
situations, such as
patients with severe iron
deficiency and patients
with any form of
hemoglobinopathy, for
example sickle cell
disease
19. TREATMENT & MANAGEMENT
● Diet & Exercise
● Pancreas or Beta-Islet Cell
Transplantation (only in emerging
conditions)
● Weight control
● Medication
20. TREATMENT & MANAGEMENT
Medication
Type 1 diabetes
Exogenous insulin via subcutaneous injection
Type 2 diabetes
Metformin which is first line therapy
Second-line therapy includes the sulfonylureas,
thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-4)
inhibitors, glucagon-like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1)
agonists, or insulin
Combination Therapy
21. Dental Management
Taking history
Type of diabetes should be determined
Dosage of insulin usage
Vital signs
Functional capacity
Analgesics
Antibiotics
Anesthetics
Consultation
Diet
Devices
Drugs
Appointment Scheduling
22. Dental Management
Hyperglycemia
Prior to initiating any invasive dental treatments, blood
glucose levels of patients with diabetes should be less
than 200 mg/dL. Consider that the physical and
emotional stress that may occur during treatment can
cause blood glucose levels to rise even higher and
possibly place the patient at risk for a medical
emergency.
23. Dental Management
Hyperglycemia
In addition, uncontrolled diabetes can also be a factor
towards increasing healing time and place the patient at
risk for infection. If the patient has forgotten to take the
recommended dose of their diabetes oral agent and/or
insulin, this can be done and the blood glucose value
retested. Caution the patient not to take more than the
prescribed amount. Also, since blood glucose values will
decrease with activity, the patient could walk around the
office for 15 minutes and be retested. If the blood
glucose level is still above 200 mg/dL, the patient should
be referred to their diabetes healthcare team and the
dental appointment rescheduled. Conducting
noninvasive procedures, such as radiographs or an oral
examination, may be warranted prior to dismissal
24. Dental Management
Hyperglycemia
Blood glucose levels tend to be more stable in the
morning; therefore, morning appointments may be more
beneficial for this patient. Stress reduction techniques,
such as use of headphones, and short appointments
may help keep blood glucose levels from rising
The dental patient with uncontrolled hyperglycemia may
require prophylactic antibiotic therapy. Systemic
antibiotic therapy or topical antimicrobial therapies are
accepted treatment modalities for aggressive treatment
of oral infections. Recare appointments should be at
least every three months to monitor wound healing and
minimize periodontal infection.
25. Dental Management
Hyperglycemia
Since epinephrine antagonizes the action of insulin,
resulting in hyperglycemia, local anesthesia without
vasoconstrictors is recommended when possible for
patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Another
consideration is to use glucocorticosteroids with caution
since they also have the potential to raise blood glucose
level
Dental hygiene management also includes fluoride
therapy for patients with a high caries rate and
recommendations to relieve xerostomia if necessary.
Since a patient with uncontrolled diabetes has an
exaggerated response to plaque, encouragement of
meticulous oral hygiene is essentia
26. Dental Management
Hyperglycemia
Wound infection is a major com-plication in diabetic
patients Factors such as age, obesity, malnutrition, and
microvascular and micro- vascular diseases may
contribute to wound infection and delayed wound healing
especially in the type II diabetic patient. In addition,
hyperglycemia caused by decreased insulin availability
and increased resistance to insulin can affect the cellular
response to tissue injury.
27. Dental Management
Hyperglycemia
At the cellular level, an increase in the number of acute
inflammatory cells, absence of cellular growth, and
migration of the epidermis have been observed Patients
with diabetes
have impaired leukocyte function, and the metabolic
abnormalities of diabetes lead to inadequate migration of
neutrophils and macrophages to the wound, along with
reduced chemotaxis Such cellular changes would
predispose individuals to an increased risk of wound
infection. In order to prevent such complication, frequent
dental visits may help to control plaque formation and to
identify risk factors for periodontal disease, caries and
oral candidiasis use antibiotic and drug contain asprin
28. Dental Management
Emergency Managing Hyperglycemia
Less likely to occur in the dental office since it develops
more slowly than hypoglycemia
Opening the airway, and administering oxygen
Circulation and vital signs should be maintained and
monitored, and the patient should be transported to a
hospital as soon as possible
IV insulin injection
29. Dental Management
Sign and symptom : confusion, sweating, tremors,
agitation, anxiety, dizziness, tingling or numbness,
tachycardia, seizures and consciousness.
Check the blood glucose with a glucometer
Emergency Managing Hypoglycemia
30. Dental Management
If a glucometer is unavailable, the condition should be
treated presumptively as a hypoglycemic episode
Give source of carbohydrate
Administer intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous
glucagon or dextrose
Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia should resolve in
10 to 15 min, and the patient should be carefully
observed for 30 to 60 min after recovery
A second evaluation with a glucometer should be done
Emergency Managing Hypoglycemia
31. Prognosis of diabetes is good when it is
controlled, if not it causes many complications
32. Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your
blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too
high. Blood glucose is your main source of
energy and comes from the food you eat. Insulin,
a hormone made by the pancreas, helps glucose
from food get into your cells to be used for energy
Summary
34. CREDITS: This presentation template was created
by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and
infographics & images by Freepik.
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