Dissociative,personality, mood disorders
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This document summarizes several dissociative, personality, and mood disorders. It describes dissociative identity disorder (formerly called multiple personality disorder) as exhibiting two or more distinct personalities. Personality disorders are characterized by inflexible behavior patterns that impair functioning, such as antisocial personality disorder. Mood disorders involve emotional extremes like major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder which alternates between depression and mania.
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ASSIGNMENT
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The unconscious separation of painful feelings and emotions from an unacceptable idea, situation or object.
Dissociative Disorders:
Dissociative disorders are characterized by
Persistent
maladaptive disruptions in the integration of memory
Consciousness or identity—verge on the unbelievable.
• The person with a dissociative disorder may be unable to remember many details about the past; he or she may wander far from home and perhaps assume a new identity; or two or more personalities may coexist within the same person.
• Dissociative disorders once were viewed as expressions of hysteria.
• In Greek, Hystera means “uterus,” and the term hysteria reflects ancient speculation that these disorders were caused by frustrated sexual desires, particularly the desire to have a baby.
• According to the theory, the uterus becomes detached from its normal location and moves about in the body, causing a problem in the location where it eventually lodges.
• Variants of this somewhat sexist view continued throughout Western history, and as late as the nineteenth century many physicians erroneously believed that hysteria occurred only among women.
• New speculation about the etiology of hysteria emerged toward the end of the nineteenth century.
Symptoms of Dissociative Disorders:
• Like many ordinary cognitive processes, the extraordinary symptoms of dissociative disorders apparently involve mental processing that occurs outside of conscious awareness.
1) Extreme cases of dissociation include a split in the functioning of the individual’s entire sense of self.
2) Depersonalization is a less dramatic form of dissociation wherein people feel detached from themselves or their social or physical environment.
3) Another dramatic example of dissociation is amnesia—the partial or complete loss of recall for particular events or for a particular period of time.
4) Brain injury or disease can cause amnesia, but psychogenic (psychologically caused) amnesia results from traumatic stress or other emotional distress.
5) Psychogenic amnesia may occur alone or in conjunction with other dissociative experiences.
• It is widely accepted that fugue and psychogenic amnesia are usually precipitated by trauma, thus providing another link between dissociation and traumatic stress disorders.
6
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The Industrial Revolution spread beyond Britain in the 19th century, with Belgium becoming the first nation outside Britain to industrialize. Germany, France, and the United States also industrialized by borrowing British technology and utilizing their own natural resources like coal and iron. By 1900, American industry had become the world leader in production. New technologies like steel, chemicals like dynamite, electricity, the automobile, and airplanes transformed transportation and communication. Some nations could not industrialize as quickly due to lacking resources or the right social conditions. This period also saw the rise of big businesses and monopolies, leading reformers to call for laws regulating large corporations.
Economic systems
Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals and businesses own production and operate for profit with little government involvement. Socialism is a system where the people collectively own property and businesses through government control and ownership, and pay higher taxes for more public benefits. A mixed economy combines elements of capitalism and socialism with both private and state-run enterprises like the US postal service. Communism is a form of socialism with complete government control and no class system, though it has never truly existed.
Chapter 7 section 3power point
The Industrial Revolution led to overcrowded cities with poor sanitation and waste-filled streets. Factory work was grueling, with long hours, dangerous machinery, low pay especially for women, and child labor. A new working class emerged in cities, though living conditions were terrible. Some religious groups and labor unions sought to address these problems.
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The National Convention abolished the French monarchy, declaring France a republic. They seized lands from nobles and abolished titles of nobility, granting suffrage to all male citizens. King Louis XVI was tried for treason, sentenced to death, and beheaded in 1793. Marie Antoinette was also beheaded. The Committee of Public Safety, led by Maximilien Robespierre, was created to deal with threats to the revolution and oversaw the Reign of Terror from 1793-1794, where thousands were executed by guillotine through hasty trials and false accusations. Dissatisfaction with the terror led to a new constitution in 1795 establishing the Directory.
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France on the eve of the revolution was divided into three estates. The First Estate was the clergy who owned 10% of the land and paid no taxes. The Second Estate was the nobles who held government positions but also paid no taxes. The Third Estate was everyone else, around 98% of the population who were peasants, workers, and the middle class and paid all the taxes. The Third Estate resented the privileges of the upper estates and the burden of taxes especially as food prices rose. King Louis XVI called the Estates General to address France's economic troubles but each estate got one vote, favoring the First and Second Estates. The Third Estate declared itself the National Assembly and took the Tennis Court Oath to create
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Chapter 3 section 5 notes
The document discusses the Columbian Exchange that started when Columbus brought European goods to America and American goods back to Europe, including plants, animals, technology, and diseases. This led to a commercial revolution in Europe with the growth of capitalism, new business methods like bookkeeping and banks, and joint stock companies. Nations practiced mercantilism where colonies existed to benefit the parent country through controlled trade. While some groups like merchants and middle class families prospered, inflation hurt wages and created poverty, and the wealth of nobles declined if tied to land.
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Conquistadors followed Columbus to the Americas, seizing gold and converting natives to Christianity while spreading disease. Cortes allied with conquered natives against the Aztecs in Mexico, capturing their leader Moctezuma. Pizarro similarly captured the Incan leader Atahulpa in Peru after he paid a ransom. The Spanish were able to defeat the Aztec and Incan empires through superior technology, help from discontented Indians, and disease that killed many natives.
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Dissociative,personality, mood disorders
- 1. Dissociative, Personality, and Mood Disorders Chapter 12
- 2. Dissociative Disorders • Conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings • Symptoms – Having a sense of being unreal. – Being separated from the body. – Watching yourself as if in a movie.
- 3. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) – A disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities, formerly called multiple personality disorder.
- 4. Facts about DID • Rare disorder • Someone may lose their memory or change their identity in response to a stressful situation • Rarely exists outside the US (makes many think that this is a cultural issue) • Most people with DID have suffered some form of abuse
- 5. Personality disorders • Personality disorders- characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning – Antisocial personality disorder (psychopath) • Typically male, shows no conscience for his actions • Feel and fear little • Dennis Radar (BTK killer)
- 6. Dennis Radar- BTK Killer
- 7. Antisocial Personality Disorder • PET scans of 41 murderers revealed reduced activity in the frontal lobes. In a follow-up study, repeat offenders had 11% less frontal lobe activity
- 8. Mood disorders • Mood Disorders- disorders characterized by emotional extremes – Major depressive disorder – Mania – Bipolar disorder
- 9. Depression • Major Depressive Disorder- a person experiences two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings or worthlessness, and diminished interest – #1 reason people seek mental health services – Women are more than X2 as likely to experience depression than men
- 10. Bipolar Disorder • Formerly called manic-depressive disorder. An alternation between depression and mania signals bipolar disorder. Depressive Symptoms Manic Symptoms Gloomy Withdrawn Tired Inability to make decisions Slowness of thought Elation Euphoria Desire for action Hyperactive Multiple ideas
- 11. Mood disorders • Mania- over-talkative, over-active – Little need for sleep – Fewer sexual inhibitions – May need protection from their own poor judgment – May find advice irritating