1. A Task Engine for Incremental Name and Type
Analysis
Gabriël Konat

2. Spoofax Language Workbench

3. size
Spoofax Language Workbench

4. Name and Type Analysis

5. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}

6. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
Name Analysis
Assign to each reference its corresponding definition

7. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
Name Analysis
Assign to each reference its corresponding definition

8. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
Name Analysis
Assign to each reference its corresponding definition

9. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
Name Analysis
Assign to each reference its corresponding definition

10. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
Name Analysis
Assign to each reference its corresponding definition

11. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
Name Analysis
Assign to each reference its corresponding definition

12. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
Type Analysis
Assign a type to each expression

13. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
Type Analysis
float
Assign a type to each expression

14. class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
Type Analysis
Assign a type to each expression
float

15. class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
B
Type Analysis
Assign a type to each expression
float

16. class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
B
float
Type Analysis
Assign a type to each expression
float

17. class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
B
float
float
Type Analysis
Assign a type to each expression
float

18. class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
float
B
float
float
Type Analysis
Assign a type to each expression
float

19. class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
float
B
int
float
float
Type Analysis
Assign a type to each expression
float

20. class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
float
B
int
float
float
float

21. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
float m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
float
B
int
float
float
float
float

22. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
float
B
int
float
float
int
float

23. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
float
B
int
float
float
int
int

24. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
int
float
float
int
return m()

25. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
return 1 + b.f
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
B
int
int
return m()
float
float
float

26. Incremental
Name and Type Analysis

27. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
return 1 + b.f
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
int
float
float
int
return m()

28. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
return 1 + b.f
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
int
float
float
int
return m()
1. Caching
Reuse analysis results from previous analysis

29. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
return 1 + b.f
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
int
float
float
int
return m()
2. Change detection
Which part of the program has changed?

30. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
return 1 + b.f
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
int
float
float
int
return m()
3. Invalidation & propagation
Which calculations are affected by a change?

31. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
int
float
float
4. Dependency tracking
What are the dependencies between calculations?

32. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
What are the dependencies between calculations?
4. Dependency tracking

33. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
How to (re-)schedule invalidated calculations?
5. Scheduling

34. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float

35. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
f

36. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
i

37. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Caching
i

38. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Change Detection
i

39. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Invalidation
i

40. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Propagation
i

41. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Propagation
i

42. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Propagation
i

43. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Scheduling
i

44. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Scheduling
i

45. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
float int
float
Scheduling
i

46. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
int
float
Scheduling
int
i

47. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
float
B
int
int
Scheduling
int
i

48. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.f;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
int
B
int
int
Scheduling
int
i

49. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.i;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
int
B
int
int
Scheduling
int

50. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.i;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
int
B
int
int
int

51. Tasks

52. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.i;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
int
B
int
int
int

53. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.i;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
int
B
int
int
int
Units of computation ...

54. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.i;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
int
B
int
int
int
... with cacheable results ...

55. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.i;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
int
B
int
int
int
... and dependencies on each other

56. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.i;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
int
int
B
int
int
int
resolve class A resolve class B
resolve method m resolve field b
resolve field i
Name resolution
tasks

57. class C : A {
!
int n() {
return m();
}
}
class A {
!
B b;
!
int m;
!
int m() {
return 1 + b.i;
}
}
class B {
!
int i;
!
float f;
!
int m() {
return 0;
}
}
resolve class A resolve class B
resolve method m resolve field b
resolve field i
calc type of m()
calc type of i
calc type of b
calc type of b.i
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of 0
Name resolution
tasks
Typing tasks

58. Name and Type Analysis

59. Name and Type Analysis
with Tasks

60. class B {
int i;
float f;
}
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}

61. class B {
int i;
float f;
}
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}

62. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
Facts

63. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
Facts
Tasks

64. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
Facts
Tasks

65. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
Facts
Tasks
define class A

66. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
Facts
Tasks
define class A

67. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1
Facts
Tasks
define class A

68. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1 2
Facts
Tasks
define class A

69. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1 2
3Facts
Tasks
define class A

70. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1 2
4
3Facts
Tasks
define class A

71. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1
5
2
4
3Facts
Tasks
define class A

72. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1
6
5
2
4
3Facts
Tasks
define class A

73. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1
6
5
7
2
4
3Facts
Tasks
define class A

74. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1
6
5
7
2
4
3
8
Facts
Tasks
define class A

75. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B1
6
5
7
2
4
3
8
Facts
Tasks
define class A

76. Incremental
Name and Type Analysis
with Tasks

77. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

78. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
i

79. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
f

80. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
f

81. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
f

82. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
f

83. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
f

84. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
1
define class A
f

85. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
2
1
define class A
f

86. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
2
1
3
define class A
f

87. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
2
1
3 4
define class A
f

88. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
2
1
3 4
define class A
f

89. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

90. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
float f;

91. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

92. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

93. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

94. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

95. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

96. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

97. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
1

98. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
2
1

99. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
2
1
3

100. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A
2
1
3 4

101. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

102. type of i is int
define field i
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field f
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.f
calc type of f
calc type of b.f
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.f; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

103. Evaluation

104. Subject language

105. Subject application

106. Feb 2010 - 4 files - 3139 lines of code

107. 3 years later - 55 files - 8991 lines of code

108. 0
3
6
9
12
15
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340
Time(s)
Revision
Parse Collect Evaluate
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340
Time(s)
Revision
Parse Collect Evaluate
full, non-incremental analysis

109. 0
3
6
9
12
15
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340
Time(s)
Revision
Parse Collect Evaluate
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340
Time(s)
Revision
Parse Collect Evaluate
0
3
6
9
12
15
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340
Time(s)
Revision
Parse Collect Evaluate
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340
Time(s)
Revision
Parse Collect Evaluate
full, non-incremental analysis
incremental analysis

110. 0
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Time(s)
Revision
Parse Collect Evaluate
single-file changes

111. 0
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Time(s)
Revision
Parse Collect Evaluate
single-file changes
responsive enough for interactive usage in IDE

112. Fact and Taks
Collection

113. type of i is int
define field i
define field f
type of f is float
class B {
int i;
float f;
}
define class B
resolve field i
resolve field b
calc type of b
calc type of 1
calc type of 1 + b.i
calc type of i
calc type of b.i
define field b
define method m
type of b is B
type of m is float
class A {
B b;
float m() { return 1 + b.i; }
}
resolve class B
define class A

114. Fact and Task Collection
Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])

115. Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])
def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Fact and Task Collection

116. Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])
def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Fact and Task Collection

117. Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])
def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Fact and Task Collection

118. Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])
def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Fact and Task Collection

119. Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])
def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Implementation not
concerned with:
Fact and Task Collection

120. Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])
def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Implementation not
concerned with:
Incrementality
Fact and Task Collection

121. Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])
def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Implementation not
concerned with:
Incrementality
Execution order
Fact and Task Collection

122. Class("Point", [
Field("x"),
Field("y"),
Func("print", [
Print(VarRef("x")),
Print(VarRef("y"))
])
])
def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Implementation not
concerned with:
Incrementality
Execution order
Analysis is described in
terms of tasks
Fact and Task Collection

123. Declarative Name Analysis Specification
Class(x, _):
defines Class x
scopes Var, Func
Field(x):
defines Var x
Func(x, _):
defines Func x
scopes Var
VarRef(x):
refers to Var x
NaBL

124. Declarative Name Analysis Specification
Class(x, _):
defines Class x
scopes Var, Func
Field(x):
defines Var x
Func(x, _):
defines Func x
scopes Var
VarRef(x):
refers to Var x
NaBL
Specify name analysis in terms of:
Definitions
Namespaces
Scopes
References
Imports

125. Declarative Name Analysis Specification
Class(x, _):
defines Class x
scopes Var, Func
Field(x):
defines Var x
Func(x, _):
defines Func x
scopes Var
VarRef(x):
refers to Var x
NaBL def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Generates

126. Declarative Name Analysis Specification
Class(x, _):
defines Class x
scopes Var, Func
Field(x):
defines Var x
Func(x, _):
defines Func x
scopes Var
VarRef(x):
refers to Var x
NaBL def-site:
Class(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Class")> x
scope-site:
Class(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var", "Func"]
!
def-site:
Field(x) -> <store-def(|"Var")> x
!
def-site:
Func(x, _) -> <store-def(|"Func")> x
scope-site:
Func(_, _) -> <scope> ["Var"]
!
ref-site:
VarRef(v) -> <create-lookup-task(|"Var",
…fact-dependencies…)> v
!
analyse =
topdown(def-site; scope-site);
bottomup(ref-site);
execute-tasks
Generates
resolve Var x
define Var x
define Class Point
define Var y
define Func print
resolve Var y

127. Declarative Type System Specification
True() : Bool()
False() : Bool()
!
And(x, y) : Bool()
where x : x-ty
and y : y-ty
and x-ty == Bool()
else error
"Expected bool"
and y-ty == Bool()
else error
"Expected bool"
TS

128. Declarative Type System Specification
True() : Bool()
False() : Bool()
!
And(x, y) : Bool()
where x : x-ty
and y : y-ty
and x-ty == Bool()
else error
"Expected bool"
and y-ty == Bool()
else error
"Expected bool"
TS
Specify type system in terms of:
Type rules
Relations
Error messages

129. Declarative Type System Specification
True() : Bool()
False() : Bool()
!
And(x, y) : Bool()
where x : x-ty
and y : y-ty
and x-ty == Bool()
else error
"Expected bool"
and y-ty == Bool()
else error
"Expected bool"
TS
create-type-task(|ctx) :
True() -> <task-create-id(|ctx,[x16])> x16
where
x16 := <type-is(|ctx)> Bool()
!
create-type-task(|ctx) :
False() -> <task-create-id(|ctx,[x17])> x17
where
x17 := <type-is(|ctx)> Bool()
!
create-type-task(|ctx) :
And(x, y) -> <task-create-id(|ctx,[x7])> x7
where
x-ty := <type-task(|ctx)> x;
y-ty := <type-task(|ctx);
eq38 := <type-match(|ctx, Bool());
<task-create-error-on-failure(|ctx, eq38, "Expected bool")> x;
eq39 := <type-match(|ctx, Bool())
<task-create-error-on-failure(|ctx, eq39, "Expected bool")> y;
x7 := <type-is(|ctx); task-create-id(|ctx, [eq39])> Bool()
Generates

130. Expressivity of Declarative Specifications
Minus(x, y)
+ Mul(x, y)
+ Div(x, y)
+ Mod(x, y) : ty
where x : x-ty
and y : y-ty
and x-ty <is: Numerical()
else error "Expected numerical" on x
and y-ty <is: Numerical()
else error "Expected numerical" on y
and <promote-bin> (x-ty, y-ty) => ty
ClassDec(acc, ctx, mod*, c, tp*, None(), _, body):
defines Type c
of access acc
of context ctx
of modifiers mod*
of type-parameters tp*
of kind Class()
of type RefType(TypeName(c), None())
implicitly defines ImplicitField "this"
of type RefType(TypeName(c), None())
scopes TypeParam, Field, ImplicitField,
Method, Constructor
NaBL TS

131. Expressivity of Declarative Specifications
Can specify name and type analysis of Java 3
Minus(x, y)
+ Mul(x, y)
+ Div(x, y)
+ Mod(x, y) : ty
where x : x-ty
and y : y-ty
and x-ty <is: Numerical()
else error "Expected numerical" on x
and y-ty <is: Numerical()
else error "Expected numerical" on y
and <promote-bin> (x-ty, y-ty) => ty
ClassDec(acc, ctx, mod*, c, tp*, None(), _, body):
defines Type c
of access acc
of context ctx
of modifiers mod*
of type-parameters tp*
of kind Class()
of type RefType(TypeName(c), None())
implicitly defines ImplicitField "this"
of type RefType(TypeName(c), None())
scopes TypeParam, Field, ImplicitField,
Method, Constructor
NaBL TS

132. Demo

133. Future Work

134. Technical Evaluation Research
optimization of
fact & task
collection

135. Technical Evaluation Research
optimization of
fact & task
collection
parallelization

136. Technical Evaluation Research
optimization of
fact & task
collection
parallelization
more languages

137. Technical Evaluation Research
optimization of
fact & task
collection
parallelization
more languages
other analyses &
transformations

138. Technical Evaluation Research
optimization of
fact & task
collection
parallelization
more languages
other analyses &
transformations
granularity

139. Technical Evaluation Research
optimization of
fact & task
collection
parallelization
more languages
other analyses &
transformations
granularity
caching

140. Guido H.Wachsmuth
Vlad A.Vergu
Danny M. Groenewegen
EelcoVisser
Acknowledgements
Name Binding Language (NaBL) [Konat. SLE ’12]
Task Engine for Incremental Name and Type Analysis [Wachsmuth. SLE ’13]
Augusto Passalaqua
Eduardo S. Amorim
Pierre Neron