The given slide contains the major diseases caused by Crustaceans in fish with their symptoms anad control measures.

1. DISEASES CAUSED BY
CRUSTACEANS
KUSHAL GC
BSc.Ag
Agriculture and Forestry University,Rampur
kgc_

2. INTRODUCTION
● Crustaceans can establish a parasitic relationship with fish,
leading to biological disruption and diseases in the host fish.
● Crustacean infestations can result in symptoms such as
hemorrhagic areas, skin ulcers, and even mortality in heavily
infested areas.
● Diseases caused by crustaceans include argulosis (caused
by fish lice of the genus Argulus), ergasilosis (caused by gill
lice), lernaeasis (also known as anchor worm).
kgc_

3. ARGULOSIS
➔ Fish lice of the genus Argulus are common ecto-
parasites of freshwater fishses causes argulosis.
➔ Target tissues: Skin, fin and belly region of fish
➔ Causative agent: A. foliaceus
kgc_

4. SYMPTOMS
➔ Infested fish may lose their appetite.
➔ Slowed growth and development in affected fish.
➔ Fish may exhibit erratic swimming behavior.
➔ Fish rubbing against the walls of the aquarium.
➔ Wounds caused by fish lice often get infected
with bacteria and fungi.
➔ Skin layers of the fish degrade further due to
infections.
➔ Fish can become anemic.
➔ Red blotches on the fish's skin caused by
parasite stings.
kgc_

5. CONTROL MEASURES
➔ Use hypertonic baths (saltwater) for 3-5 minutes as a general
treatment.
➔ Physically remove fish lice using tweezers or suitable tools.
➔ Treat the pond with Dipterex @0.25 ppm twice a week until no
parasite is observed.
➔ Apply potassium permanganate @0.25 ppm for pond treatment.
➔ Empty the pond for a period as Argulus cannot survive without a host
for long.
kgc_

6. ERGASILOSIS
➔ Gill lice Ergasilus, are common
freshwater parasites that attach to the
gill filaments of host fish.
➔ Target tissues: Primarily gills
➔ Causative agent: Ergasilus spp
kgc_

7. SYMPTOMS
➔ Fish scratching against objects frequently.
➔ Green threads hanging out of the fish's
body.
➔ Fish appearing sluggish or lethargic.
➔ Severe tissue damage and inflammation.
➔ Increased risk of bacterial, fungal, and viral
infections.
➔ Breathing difficulties.
➔ Excessive growth of fish's skin and tissue.
➔ Poor growth and development.
➔ Anemia and reduced red blood cell count.
kgc_

8. CONTROL MEASURES
➔ Potassium permanganate treatment in the pond @ 4
mg/l.
➔ Sodium chloride bath treatment @ 2-3% for 15
minutes.
➔ 0.5 ppm copper sulfate + 0.2 ppm ferric sulfate for 6 to
9 days.
kgc_

9. LERNIASIS
➔ The parasitic stage of a Lernaeid
female is rod-shaped and
unsegmented.
➔ It is commonly known as the
anchor worm.
➔ The anchor worm attaches itself to
the host's skin using a specialized
buccal organ.
➔ Target tissues: Skin and fin
➔ Causative agent: Lernaea cyprinacea
kgc_

10. SYMPTOMS
➔ Restless behavior and frequent rubbing of the body.
➔ Presence of tiny white, green, or red worms in
wounds.
➔ Lethargic behavior in infected fish.
➔ Anemia in affected fish.
➔ Epithelial hypertrophy (excessive growth of skin
cells).
➔ Hemorrhagic and ulcerated areas on the fish
become susceptible to secondary infections.
➔ Anchor worm infections can lead to granulomas or
necrotic lesions that later become fibrotic
encapsulations around the anchor.
kgc_

11. CONTROL MEASURES
➔ Therapeutic treatments can help prevent the spread of Lernaea.
➔ Use Potassium permanganate in the pond @ 4mg/l for
treatment.
➔ Alternatively, apply a sodium chloride bath treatment @ 3-5%
to combat the parasite.
kgc_

12. kgc_