The document contains a homework assignment on discrete mathematics topics including graph theory, trees, formal languages, and finite state automata. It includes 11 problems covering finding properties of graphs, identifying Euler paths and Hamilton circuits, drawing planar graphs, determining if strings are in certain languages, and describing languages recognized by finite state automata.
Top 20 microsoft excel formulas you must knowAlexHenderson59
icrosoft Excel is one of the most popular data analysis tools in the world. A significant number of companies depend on MS Excel for calculation, analysis and visualization of data and information. Not many are taking full advantage of this simple yet powerful tool. We made a list of Top 20 Microsoft Excel Formulas you must know to become an Excel guru.
Determining the Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Random Variable
Visit the website for more services: https://cristinamontenegro92.wixsite.com/onevs
Digital computer deals with numbers; it is essential to know what kind of numbers can be handled most easily when using these machines. We accustomed to work primarily with the decimal number system for numerical calculations, but there is some number of systems that are far better suited to the capabilities of digital computers. And there is a number system used to represents numerical data when using the computer.
Top 20 microsoft excel formulas you must knowAlexHenderson59
icrosoft Excel is one of the most popular data analysis tools in the world. A significant number of companies depend on MS Excel for calculation, analysis and visualization of data and information. Not many are taking full advantage of this simple yet powerful tool. We made a list of Top 20 Microsoft Excel Formulas you must know to become an Excel guru.
Determining the Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Random Variable
Visit the website for more services: https://cristinamontenegro92.wixsite.com/onevs
Digital computer deals with numbers; it is essential to know what kind of numbers can be handled most easily when using these machines. We accustomed to work primarily with the decimal number system for numerical calculations, but there is some number of systems that are far better suited to the capabilities of digital computers. And there is a number system used to represents numerical data when using the computer.
it is the first Homework.
it is about..
1-)The Foundations: Logic and Proofs
2-)Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums, and Matrices
3-)Number Theory and Cryptography
4-)Induction and Recursion
MCQ Bank for Computer Fundamantals from mcqSets.comSuresh Khanal
This is MCQ Bank for Computer Fundamentals from http://mcqSets.com. It contains 588 hand picked mcq questions that can be best helpful to prepare your computer exams.
Here I present Computer Hardware Concepts MCQ Paper for you to download. Enjoy!
This MCQ paper contains 80 multiple choice questions with four options each, all from Computer Hardware Concepts chapter.
topologicalsort-using c++ as development language.pptxjanafridi251
topological sort using c++ as programming language to search through a tree structureknljhcffxgchjkjhlkjkfhdffxgchvjbknlkjhgchvjbkjxfghjhiyuighjbyfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffvgvvvvvvvvnbbbbbbbbbfuyfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
Looking for assistance with your math assignments? Search no more! Our website provides professional help for math assignments. Our team of experienced tutors is dedicated to providing excellent support for all your math assignments. If you're encountering challenges with algebra, calculus, or any other math branch, we're here to offer the assistance you require. Take a moment to explore our website now and find out how we can help you.
For further details,
visit: www.mathsassignmenthelp.com
Contact us via email: info@mathsassignmenthelp.com or reach out to us on
WhatsApp at +1(315)557-6473.
I am Irene M. I am a Stochastic Processes Assignment Expert at statisticsassignmenthelp.com. I hold a Master's in Statistics, from California, USA. I have been helping students with their homework for the past 6 years. I solve assignments related to Stochastic Processes.
Visit statisticsassignmenthelp.com or email info@statisticsassignmenthelp.com.
You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Stochastic Processes Assignments.
1. Discrete Mathematics
Final Homework
Samet Öztoprak
2601140342
May 6, 2015
1) Find the number of vertices, the number of edges, and the degree of each vertex in the given
undirected graphs. Identify all isolated and pendant vertices.
a)
Tips:
An isolated vertex is a vertex with degree zero.
A leaf vertex (also pendant vertex) is a vertex with degree one.
The number of vertices, the number of edges
Numbers
Vertices 6
Edges 6
The degree of each vertex
Node Degree of the vertex
a 2
b 4
c 1
d 0
e 2
f 3
isolated vertices d
pendant vertices c
2. b)
The number of vertices, the number of edges
Numbers
Vertices 9
Edges 12
The degree of each vertex
Node Degree of the vertex
a 3
b 2
c 4
d 0
e 6
f 0
g 4
h 2
ı 3
isolated vertices d,f
pendant vertices There is no pendant vertices.
2) Which graphs shown in Figure have an Euler path?
Tip:
An Euler path is a path that uses every edge of a graph exactly once.
An Euler path starts and ends at different vertices.
A B
CD
A
B C D
EFG A B
C
DE
F
G
Euler Path : BDABC Euler Path : DEFGABCDFCGB Euler Path : there is no euler path.
3. 3) Which of the simple graphs in have a Hamilton circuit or, if not, a Hamilton path?
Tips:
In Hamilton paths and Hamilton circuits, the game is to find paths and circuits that include every
vertex of the graph once and only once.
A Hamilton path in a graph is a path that includes each vertex of the graph once and only
once.
A Hamilton circuit is a circuit that includes each vertex of the graph once and only once. (At
the end, of course, the circuit must return to the starting vertex.)
Note that if a graph has a Hamilton circuit then it also has a Hamilton path.
A B
C
D
E
A B
CD
A B
CD E F
G
Hamilton circuit : BAEDCB Hamilton circuit : No Hamilton circuit : No
Hamilton path : BAEDCB Hamilton path : DCBA Hamilton path : No
4. 4) Draw the given planar graphs without any crossings.
a) b)
Tips:
A graph is planar if it can be drawn in two-dimensional space with no two of its edges
crossing. Such a drawing of a planar graph is called a plane drawing.
A B
5) Determine whether the given graphs are planar. If so, draw it so that no edges cross.
a) b)
a) No,it is not a planar graph.
b) Yes.
F
E
D
A
C
B
5. 6) Answer these questions about the rooted tree illustrated.
Question Answer
Which vertex is the root a
Which vertices are internal a,b,c,d,f,h,j,g,q,t
Which vertices are leaves e,g,i,k,l,m,n,o,p,r,s,u
Which vertices are children of j q,r
Which vertex is the parent of h c
Which vertices are siblings of o p
Which vertices are ancestors of m f,b,a
Which vertices are descendants of b e,f,l,m,n
i)Is it a full m-ary tree for some positive integer m
Definition:
The tree is called a full m -ary tree if every internal vertex has exactly m children.
Example : If m = 2, it is called a binary tree.
Accoring to definition f and d has 3 children therefore we can obviously say that
The tree is not full m-ary tree.
j)What is the level of each vertex of the rooted tree
Levels Vertex
Level 0 a
Level 1 b,c,d
Level 2 e,f,g,h,i,j,k
Level 3 l,m,n,o,p,q,r
Level 4 s,t
Level 5 u
6. 7) Find the output of the given circuit.
Output = (xy)' + (z'+x)
x y z (xy)' + (z'+x)
0 0 0 1
1 0 0 1
0 1 0 1
1 1 0 1
0 0 1 1
1 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
8) Let G = (V, T, S, P) be the phrase-structure grammar with V = {0, 1,A,B, S}, T = {0, 1}
and set of productions P consisting of
S → 0A => 𝑆1 → 0A
S → 1A => 𝑆2 → 1A
A → 0B => 𝐴1 → 0B
B → 1A => 𝐵1 → 1A
B → 1. => 𝐵2 → 1.
a) Show that 10101 belongs to the language generated by G.
𝑆2 1A
𝐴1 10B
𝐵1 101A
𝐴1 1010B
𝐵2 10101
10101 belongs to the language.
b) Show that 10110 does not belong to the language generated by G.
𝑆2 1A
𝐴1 10B
𝐵1 101A
There is no production A that will produce 1.
Therefore, 10110 in not in the language of G.
c) What is the language generated by G?
This means that the language is (0+1)01(01)∗.
7. 9) Determine whether the string 01001 is in each of these sets.
a) {0, 1}*
{0,1}* is the set that contains all bit strings
Therefore ,01001 is in {0,1}*,
b) {0}*{10}{1}*
{0}*{10}{1}* is the set that allows consecutive 0s only beginnig of the string.
Therefore ,01001 is not in {0}*{10}{1}*,
c) {010}* {0}* {1}
01001 is equvalent to {010}* {0}* {1}
Therefore ,01001 is in {010}* {0}* {1}
d) {010, 011} {00, 01}
01001 is equvalent to {010}{01}
Therefore ,01001 is in {010, 011} {00, 01}
e) {00} {0}*{01}
{00} {0}*{01} is the set that requires the string to start with 00
Therefore ,01001 is not in {00} {0}*{01}
f ) {01}*{01}*
{01}*{01}* is the set that requires the string two 0s
Therefore ,01001 is not in {01}*{01}*
10) Find the language recognized by the given deterministic finite-state automaton.
We have two final states: s1.
State s1 can be reached using {1} and we stay in s1 as long as we have 0 or 1 as input.
Therefore language recognized by s1 is {1}{0,1}*
State s1 can be reached using {0}{1}*{0}{0,1}*
L(r) = { λ,1(0,1)*,01*0(0,1)*}
8. 11) Describe inwords the strings in each of these regular sets.
a) 001*
b) (01)*
c) 01 ∪ 001*
d) 0(11 ∪ 0)*
e) (101*)*
f ) (0*∪1)11
Tips:
∅ represents the empty set, that is, the set with no strings;
λ represents the set {λ}, which is the set containing the empty string;
x represents the set {x} containing the string with one symbol x;
(AB) represents the concatenation of the sets represented by A and by B;
(A ∪ B) represents the union of the sets represented by A and by B;
A* represents the Kleene closure of the set represented by A.
a) Any number start by 00 followed by any number of 1s (including no ones)
b) Any number of copies of 01 (including the null string)
c) The string is 01 or the number start by 00 followed by any number of 1s
d) Any string start by 0 followed by any number of 11 or 0 (including empty)
e) λ or any number of copies of 10 followed by any number of 1s
f) Any number start by 1 or any number of copies of 0 that ends with 11