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Digital Methods for Documenting Cemeteries
1. Non Invasive Techniques for
Documenting Historic Cemeteries
Structure from Motion, Colonial CemeteryLaser Scanning , Laurel Grove Cemetery
2. Laser Scanning
ď Faro Focus 3D
ď Phase-based scanner
ď 40 million points in 10 minutes
ď Accuracy within 1/8th of an inch
ď On board camera
Yuen Mansion ca. 1920, Lantau Island, Hong Kong
4. Laser Scanning
ď Laser scanning
involves three-
dimensional point
capture.
ď The points are
oriented in a point
cloud and are a
representation of
three-dimensional
space.
Historically Black Cemetery, Grove Point Plantation
5. Laser Scanning
ď Approximately 30%-50% overlap
required between scans
ď Multiple scans are unorganized
until they are registered
St. Helena Chapel of Ease ca.1740
6. Laser Scanning
Manual Registration
Manual registration involves
manually identifying points between
scans.
Automatic Registration
The software automatically registers
the scans using targets that are
placed around the site.
Barboursville ca. 1822 destroyed 1884 , designed by Thomas Jefferson, Barboursville, VA
8. Laser Scanning
ď Create two-dimensional
drawings
ď Three-dimensional CAD
models
CAD drawings of Lot 988, Laurel Grove Cemetery
9. Structure from Motion
ď Based on photogrammetric
principles, but creates a
three-dimensional model from
two-dimensional images.
ď Point and shoot camera
ď Density of point cloud
dependent on the size of the
images
Historically Black Cemetery, Grove Point Plantation
13. Laser Scanning vs. Structure from Motion
Laser Scanning Photogrammetry
Pros Pros
â˘Accuracy within Âź of an inch
for most scanners
â˘Accuracy over large spaces
â˘Captured at true scale
â˘Significantly cheaper
equipment
â˘Better visual representation
of textures
Cons Cons
â˘Equipment can be
prohibitively expensive to
own
â˘Generally need to upgrade
physical equipment to keep
up with progress
â˘Accuracy is lower than
laser scanners over large
space
â˘Scale limitations based on
camera lenses maintaining
clarity over long distance