This document summarizes the different occupations of the Philippines throughout history. It describes the Spanish occupation from 1521 to 1898, including the arrival of missionaries and establishment of schools. It then discusses the American occupation from 1898 to 1901, including key battles and events of the Philippine-American War. Finally, it outlines the Japanese occupation from 1941 to 1945, highlighting their invasion and occupation of Manila, as well as the establishment of a puppet government before the Americans liberated the Philippines.
Chapter 17: The First Philippine Republic and the Filipino-American WarJamaica Olazo
CHAPTER 17: THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
AND THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
– was the first independent republic in in Asia by Asians.
- It was born during a war for independence.
- Lived only for two years because the Filipinos lost the war against the United States. (From January 23,1899 to March 23, 1901).
- Ended on the day when Aguinaldo was captured by the Americans.
MALOLOS CONGRESS AND MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
85 Filipinos – met in a revolutionary congress at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan starting September 15, 1898. They were the most intelligent men in the country.
Dr. Pedro A. Paterno – the president of the Malolos Congress.
Malolos Congress – approved the independence of the Philippines. It also started the making of a new constitution for the Philippines.
Constitution – the basic law of the government.
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
January 23,1899 – the first Philippine Republic was inaugurated at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan. It was a solemn and happy time.
Women – wore long, beautiful ternos.
Men – dressed in top hats, white gloves, and black coat tails.
Emilio Aguinaldo – was sworn in as president of the First Republic at the church altar. “Great is the day, glorious this date, and forever memorable this moment in which our beloved people are raised to the joy of independence.”
El Heraldo de la Revolution – the official newspaper of the government.
La Independencia – an independent newspaper ran by General Antonio Luna and other Filipinos.
Felipe Agoncillo – the first Filipino diplomat sent to Paris and Washington to work for recognition of Philippine Independence.
Other diplomats in Japan, France, England and Australia.
THE AMERICANS STARTED THE WAR
Americans wanted the Philippines to become a colony of the United States.
Strategy: Americans pretended that the Filipinos had brutally attacked them.
February 4, 1899 – at 8pm, an American sharpshooter, Private Robert W. Grayson of First Nebraska Volunteers, shot and killed a Filipino soldier crossing the San Juan Bridge.
February 6, 1899 – the American Senate passed the Treaty of Paris, making the Philippines a colony of the United States. It was approved by only one vote majority.
THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
- Filipinos fought a war of independence again. This time, against the Americans, their former allies. It was the second fight for independence by the Filipinos.
February 5, 1899 – the American navy bombarded the Filipino positions in Manila.
March 31, 1899 – the Americans captured Malolos, which was then the Capital of the First Philippine Republic.
November 27, 1898 – Generals Aniceto Lacson and Juan Araneta organized the “Republic of Negros”.
December 19, 1899 – the famous hero of the American Civil War, General Henry C. Lawton was killed by the Filipino troops during the Battle in San Mateo, Rizal.
This slide presentation summarizes the events that happened during the Japanese occupation in the Philippines.
*I do not own any of the photos contained in the presentation*
For more rare and unseen photos that covers this topic kindly visit : http://corregidor.org/archive/battle_of_manila/bom_01.htm
Chapter 17: The First Philippine Republic and the Filipino-American WarJamaica Olazo
CHAPTER 17: THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
AND THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
– was the first independent republic in in Asia by Asians.
- It was born during a war for independence.
- Lived only for two years because the Filipinos lost the war against the United States. (From January 23,1899 to March 23, 1901).
- Ended on the day when Aguinaldo was captured by the Americans.
MALOLOS CONGRESS AND MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
85 Filipinos – met in a revolutionary congress at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan starting September 15, 1898. They were the most intelligent men in the country.
Dr. Pedro A. Paterno – the president of the Malolos Congress.
Malolos Congress – approved the independence of the Philippines. It also started the making of a new constitution for the Philippines.
Constitution – the basic law of the government.
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
January 23,1899 – the first Philippine Republic was inaugurated at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan. It was a solemn and happy time.
Women – wore long, beautiful ternos.
Men – dressed in top hats, white gloves, and black coat tails.
Emilio Aguinaldo – was sworn in as president of the First Republic at the church altar. “Great is the day, glorious this date, and forever memorable this moment in which our beloved people are raised to the joy of independence.”
El Heraldo de la Revolution – the official newspaper of the government.
La Independencia – an independent newspaper ran by General Antonio Luna and other Filipinos.
Felipe Agoncillo – the first Filipino diplomat sent to Paris and Washington to work for recognition of Philippine Independence.
Other diplomats in Japan, France, England and Australia.
THE AMERICANS STARTED THE WAR
Americans wanted the Philippines to become a colony of the United States.
Strategy: Americans pretended that the Filipinos had brutally attacked them.
February 4, 1899 – at 8pm, an American sharpshooter, Private Robert W. Grayson of First Nebraska Volunteers, shot and killed a Filipino soldier crossing the San Juan Bridge.
February 6, 1899 – the American Senate passed the Treaty of Paris, making the Philippines a colony of the United States. It was approved by only one vote majority.
THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
- Filipinos fought a war of independence again. This time, against the Americans, their former allies. It was the second fight for independence by the Filipinos.
February 5, 1899 – the American navy bombarded the Filipino positions in Manila.
March 31, 1899 – the Americans captured Malolos, which was then the Capital of the First Philippine Republic.
November 27, 1898 – Generals Aniceto Lacson and Juan Araneta organized the “Republic of Negros”.
December 19, 1899 – the famous hero of the American Civil War, General Henry C. Lawton was killed by the Filipino troops during the Battle in San Mateo, Rizal.
This slide presentation summarizes the events that happened during the Japanese occupation in the Philippines.
*I do not own any of the photos contained in the presentation*
For more rare and unseen photos that covers this topic kindly visit : http://corregidor.org/archive/battle_of_manila/bom_01.htm
The Japanese Occupation
Sources:
Cawagas, Virgina, and Swee-Hin Toh. Our Nation Our World 5. 2nd ed. Quezon City: Sibs Publishing House, 2014. 1-396
Visit:http://kasaysayan4kids.blogspot.com/
For more resources.
The Japanese Occupation
Sources:
Cawagas, Virgina, and Swee-Hin Toh. Our Nation Our World 5. 2nd ed. Quezon City: Sibs Publishing House, 2014. 1-396
Visit:http://kasaysayan4kids.blogspot.com/
For more resources.
The Act of Proclamation of the Independence of the Filipino peopleniesha12
This slide is all about the Philippine revolution, Spanish - American War and Philippine American war. 3 significant people Emilio Aguinaldo who fought for the Spanish-American war, Andres Bonifacio who is the supremo of pamahalaang paghihimagsik and Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista who wrote the declaration paper " The act of proclamation of the indpendence of the Filipino people. These ppt discussed about the roots of the revoulutions, rebelions against spaniards and the new colonizer the American. Fighting independence throughtout 3 centuries is a big thing for our heroes. The Philippine Independence June 12, 1898.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
3. • 1521 Magellan and his men arrived in
Samar
• 1565-1815 The Manila-Acapulco Galleon
Trade
• 1565 Arrival of the Augustinians in the
Philippines
• 1577 Arrival of the Franciscans in the
Philippines
• 1581 Arrival of the Jesuits in the
Philippines
• 1587 Arrival of the Dominicans in the
Philippines
4. • 1785-1814 Royal Philippine Company
• 1849 Gov. NarcisoClaveria decreed the adoption
of Hispanic names
• March 1,1872 Governor Basco established the
tobacoo monopoly to increase the revenues of
the Government
• 1 882 Abuses and corruption practices made
by the officials led to the abolition of monopoly
By Governor Primo de Rivera.
• 1883 La Funeraria-the 1st funeral parlor in the
Philippines was established.
5. • 1589 Foundation of Colegio de Sta.
Potenciana (oldest school for girls in the
Philippines)
• 1611 Founding of Colegio de Nuestra Senora del
Santisimo Rosario (University of Sto. Tomas)
• 1640 Semario de NinosHuerfanos de San Pedro y
San Pablo (College of San Juan de Letran)
• 1780-1895 Royal Economic Society of Friends of
the Country
6. • 1884 Polo y Servicio- Filipino and Chinese males was
obligated to give personal service for the
construction of infrastructure
• 1885 Compania De Los Tranvias De Filipinas
• 1887 Noli Me Tangere was published
• 1891 El Filibusterismo was finished
• 1892 Founded the La Liga Filipina.
• 1895 La Electretista
• June 12, 1898 The leaders of the revolution
assembled in Kawit to declare the bindependence of
the Philippines.
8. • August 23, 1896
- Philippine Revolution Begins
• March 4, 1897
- William McKinley inaugurated 25th President of the United SAtates
• February 9, 1898
- De Lome’s letter came out of the press
• February 15,1898
- The American battleship Maine exploded near the port of Havana. Out
of the 350 passengers, 266 died and many others were wounded.
• April 11, 1898
- McKinley asked Congress to declare war.
• April 16, 1898
- Army began mobilization. Teller Amendment was passed in Congress
stating that the US would not annex Cuba.
9. • April 23,1898
- McKinley issued call for 125,000 volunteers.
Spain declared war
• April 25, 1898
- US declared war with Spain but made the
declaration retroactive to April 22
• April 27, 1898
- Commodore Dewey’s squadron left Mirs Bay,
China for the Philippines.
10. • May 1, 1898
- Dewey defeated the Spanish Armada in the Battle of Manila Bay.
• May 19,1898
- Emilio Aguinaldo returned from exile.
• May 25,1898
- McKinley issued a call for 75,000 more volunteers. The first army
expedition left San Francisco for Manila.
• June 18,1898
- Aguinaldo issued a proclamation establishing a revolutionary
government and a message to foreign powers announcing that
government.
• June 30, 1898
- The first batch of American soldiers arrived in Manila under the
command of Brig. General Thomas M. Anderson.
11. • August 12,1898
- Spain and the US signed the peace protocol
which ended thewar.
• August 13,1898
- Capitulation of Manila to the Americans.
• September 15,1898
- Filipino Congress met at MalolosDecember 10
US and Spain signed the Treaty of Paris
• January 22,1899
- Malolos Constitution was promulgated.
12. • February 4,1899
- Filipino-American was began
• March 31,1899
- Malolos fell into the hands of the Americans.
• August 29,1899
- General Elwell Otis succeeded General Merritt in command.
• May 2,1899
- The Schurman Commission arrived in Manila
• November 13,1899
- Aguinaldo disbanded the organized army and resorted to guerilla
warfare.
• May 5,1900
- General Arthur McArthur succeeded General Merritt as commander of
the American army.
13. • June 3,1900
- The Taft Commission arrived in Manila.
• June 21,1900
- General McArthur issued a proclamation of amnesty to
all who renounced the Filipino aspiration for
independence and accepted American rule.
• March 10,1901
- The Taft Commission conducted provincial sorties in
Southern Luzon. They visited 18 provinces and returned to
Manila on May 3.
• March 23,1901
- Aguinaldo was captured in Palanan, Isabela.
14. • April 1, 1901
- The Commission issued a decree that property and funds of
theinsurgents would be confiscated if they did not surrender and
that they be deprived of any position in the government, “no
peace no job”.
• April 19,1901
- Aguinaldo swore allegiance to the US government.
• July 4,1901
- Taft was inaugurated first civil governor of the Philippines and
General Chaffee replaced General McArthur.
• August 1901
- The Taft Commission conducted another provincial sortie to
establish civil government in several towns in Northern Luzon
15. • August 21,1901
- The military transport S.S. Thomas arrived in Manila with 540 American school
teachers aboard.
• September 6,1901
- President McKinley was shot in Buffalo, New York and died after eight days
(September 14)
• September 28,1901
- Forty four American soldiers were massacred in Balangiga, Samar the worst
blow to the American campaign in thePhilippines.
• April 27,1901
- Vicente Lukban, the last recognized rebel leader was captured.
• July 4,1901
- President Roosevelt declared the Philippines pacified and granted amnesty to
rebels. Military rule formally ended.
• December 23,1901
- Taft left Manila to succeed Elihu Root as Secretary of War
17. • December 8, 1941
–Japan invaded Philippines. They first attack Clark Air Base in
Pampanga and Nichols Gulf The Japanese forces landed at the
Lingayen Gulf on to Manila.
• December 25, 1941
– General Douglas MacArthur declared Manila an open city on the
advice of Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon to avoid
destruction.
• January 2, 1942
– Japanese occupied Manila. MacArthur retreated with his troops to
Bataan while the commonwealth government withdrew to
corrigidor island before proceeding to the United States. 76,000
american and Filipino captures soldiers were forced to embark on
the infamous Death March to prisoner-on-war camp. Estimated,
10,000 prisoner soldiers died due to hunger, thirsty and exhaustion.
18. • April 9 1942
– The joined American and Filipino soldiers in Bataan surrendered to Japan.
Gen.MacArthur escaped to corrigidor then proceeded to Austrilia. 76,000
american and Filipino captures soldiers were forced to embark on the
infamous Death March to prisoner-on-war camp. Estimated, 10,000
prisoner soldiers died due to hunger, thirsty and exhaustion.
• January 3, 1942
– The day after Manila became an occupied city. Gen. Masaharu Homma,
Commander in Chief of the Japanese Imperial Forces issued an
proclamation announcing the end of American occupation and imposition
of Martial Law in the country.
• January 23, 1942
–Philippine Executive Commission established with Jorge Vargas as the
chairman.
19. • – KALIBAPI (kapisanansaPaglilingkodsaBagongPilipinas) formed
Preparatory Commission for Philippine Independence (PCPI). It was
organized June 20 as Jose Protacio Garcia Laurel as the President.
• September 20,1943
– KALIBAPI held a party convention to elect 54memebers of the
National Assembly.
• October – 14, 1943
– Jose Protacio Garcia Laurel was elected as the president of the
second republic. Inaugurated on the front steps of the legislative
building in Manila.
• October 20,1944
– The Americans landed in Leyte. Once a shore, General Douglas
MacArthur said,”I have returned.”
20. • October 23 to October 26, 1944
– The Americans engaged Japanese forces in the Battle of Leyte Gulf.
The US victory in the battle of Leyte Gulf is said to have signaled the
beginning of Philippine liberation from the Japanese.
• December 8, 1944
– President Laurel and his cabinet moved to Baguio upon orders of
Yamashita, who is also known as the tiger of Malaya.
• February 23, 1945
– The Japanese in Manila would not give up easily. It took 3 weeks of
intense fighting before they finally surrendered.
• July 4, 1945
– And finally proclaim general freedom from the Japanese
