A CV is an in-depth document that can span multiple pages and contains details about achievements and career history. It is organized chronologically and does not change for different positions. A resume is a concise one-page document that highlights how an individual's skills meet the needs of a specific job. Resumes are tailored for each application and do not need to include full career details or chronological order. The main differences are length, level of detail, purpose, and customization between positions for CVs and resumes.