It will help the researchers how to conduct diallel mating among mustard crops. This study also aims to screen out salinity tolerance and short duration mustard genotypes which will lead to develop a desired variety in future
Turcicum Leaf Blight Resistance Screening and Combining ability studies in MaizeKeerthana Reddy
The document discusses Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) resistance screening and combining ability studies in maize. It provides background on maize as a crop, describes the causal organism and symptoms of TLB, outlines methods for screening maize lines for resistance, and discusses major resistance genes that have been identified.
Molecular characterization of genotypes for thermotolerance in rice.RaviTejaSeelam
Presentation consists of overall pull up of several articles regarding heat stress, thermotolerance, approaches of improving the thermotolerance, identification of QTL'S.
This document discusses the role of wild relatives in improving chickpea crops. It outlines that crop wild relatives are an important source of genetic diversity that can be used to increase crop resilience, productivity, and traits like disease resistance. The document describes the primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools of wild chickpea species and highlights specific traits of interest that have been or could be transferred from wild relatives to cultivated chickpeas through breeding, including resistance to various diseases and abiotic stresses like drought and cold tolerance. It also discusses challenges and strategies for utilizing wild relatives in chickpea improvement programs.
Turcicum Leaf Blight Resistance Screening and Combining ability studies in MaizeKeerthana Reddy
The document discusses Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) resistance screening and combining ability studies in maize. It provides background on maize as a crop, describes the causal organism and symptoms of TLB, outlines methods for screening maize lines for resistance, and discusses major resistance genes that have been identified.
Molecular characterization of genotypes for thermotolerance in rice.RaviTejaSeelam
Presentation consists of overall pull up of several articles regarding heat stress, thermotolerance, approaches of improving the thermotolerance, identification of QTL'S.
This document discusses the role of wild relatives in improving chickpea crops. It outlines that crop wild relatives are an important source of genetic diversity that can be used to increase crop resilience, productivity, and traits like disease resistance. The document describes the primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools of wild chickpea species and highlights specific traits of interest that have been or could be transferred from wild relatives to cultivated chickpeas through breeding, including resistance to various diseases and abiotic stresses like drought and cold tolerance. It also discusses challenges and strategies for utilizing wild relatives in chickpea improvement programs.
The document discusses three case studies related to genetic divergence and bioactive compounds in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.):
1. The first case study evaluated 100 chickpea genotypes and found significant genetic diversity between clusters. Days to flowering, 100 seed weight, number of seeds per plant, and plant height contributed most to diversity. Six genotypes were identified for hybridization.
2. The second case study used principal component analysis on 434 chickpea genotypes evaluated for 13 traits. Eight components captured 77.68% of variation, with days to flowering and seed yield contributing most. Five genotypes performed well across components.
3. The third case study analyzed correlations and path coefficients in chickpe
ESTIMATING STABILITY PARAMETERS AND STRESS INDICES USING ELITE SALT TOLERANT ...SriTejaswi11
This study evaluated 13 salt tolerant rice genotypes across 13 locations in India representing saline and alkaline environments over two years. Yield and other traits were measured and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis was performed to assess stability and adaptation. The AMMI1 model with one interaction principal component best explained the genotype-environment interactions. The genotype CHK3 was identified as the most widely adapted, with the highest yield across the most number of environments based on the AMMI models. This genotype shows potential for cultivation in multiple saline and alkaline environments.
This document outlines the objectives and methodology of a seminar on seasonal occurrence of soybean insect pests and the relative bioefficacy of different insecticides. The objectives are to: 1) Record the seasonal occurrence of soybean insect pests, 2) Evaluate the efficacy of different insecticides against major soybean pests, and 3) Determine the benefit-cost ratio of insecticidal treatments. The methodology involves monitoring pest populations over time, testing insecticides in RBD plots, and calculating costs and yields to determine benefit-cost ratios of treatments.
Chickpea breeding aims to develop higher yielding varieties with improved resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Breeding methods include hybridization of selected parents followed by selection of progeny. Hybridization techniques can increase success rates. Segregating populations are handled using pedigree, bulk, or single seed descent selection. Mutation breeding induces genetic variation which is selected in subsequent generations. This helps develop stress resistant and high yielding varieties adapted to Pakistan.
Classical and innovative approaches for the improvement ofmithraa thirumalai
This document discusses classical and innovative approaches for improving seed and seedling traits in rice. It describes classical breeding approaches like wide hybridization and backcrossing. It also discusses innovative approaches like marker-assisted breeding and genetic transformation. Several case studies are presented on improving traits like cold tolerance, flooding adaptation, seed shattering and dormancy. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with these traits have been identified and used to develop rice varieties with improved agronomic performance.
Root genetic research and its application in plant breeding or crop improvementOm Prakash Patidar
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, DHARWAD
DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING Master’s seminar-II
Root genetic research and its applications in plant breeding
Speaker: Om Prakash Patidar Date: 20/03/2015 ID No.: PGS13AGR6140 Time: 3:00 PM
Synopsis
Roots play an essential role in the acquisition of water and minerals from soils. Root system architecture (RSA), the spatial configuration of a root system in the soil, is used to describe the shape and structure of root system. Its importance in plant productivity lies in the fact that major soil resources are heterogeneously distributed in the soil, so that the spatial deployment of roots will substantially determine the ability of a plant to secure edaphic resources. Measuring crop root architecture and assaying for changes in function can be challenging, but examples have emerged showing that modifications to roots result in higher yield and increased stress tolerance.1
A marker-assisted back-crossing (MABC) breeding programme was conducted to improve the root morphological traits, and thereby drought tolerance, of the Indian upland rice variety, Kalinga III. The donor parent was Azucena, an upland japonica variety from Philippines. Five segments on different chromosomes were targeted for introgression; four segments carried QTLs for improved root morphological traits and the fifth carried a recessive QTL for aroma. It significantly increased root length under both irrigated and drought stress treatments.2
Alteration of root system architecture improves drought avoidance through the cloning and characterization of DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1), a rice quantitative trait locus controlling root growth angle. Higher expression of DRO1 increases the root growth angle, whereby roots grow in a more downward direction. Introducing DRO1 into a shallow-rooting rice cultivar by backcrossing enabled the resulting line to avoid drought by increasing deep rooting, which maintained high yield performance under drought conditions relative to the recipient cultivar.3
GmEXPB2, A vegetative -expansin gene, clone from a Pi starvation-induced soybean cDNA library. GmEXPB2 was found to be primarily expressed in roots, and was highly induced by Pi starvation, and the induction pattern was confirmed by GUS staining in transgenic soybean hairy roots. Results from intact soybean composite showed that GmEXPB2 is involved in hairy root elongation, and subsequently affects plant growth and P uptake, especially at low P levels.4
Candidate Aluminum tolerance proteins include organic acid efflux transporters, with the organic acids forming non-toxic complexes with rhizosphere aluminum. ge
This document presents the synopsis of a MSc student's thesis on studying major insect pests of groundnut. The objectives are to: 1) Study the insect pest complex and natural enemies of groundnut, 2) Study the seasonal incidence of major pests, and 3) Evaluate biopesticides against lepidopteran defoliators. Field experiments will be conducted in Bilaspur, India during the 2019 kharif season. Various biopesticides will be tested against defoliators by spraying treatments every 15 days and observing pest populations for efficacy evaluation. Meteorological data will also be collected and correlated with pest incidence.
This document provides an introduction and synopsis for a seminar on heterosis and combining ability in yellow seeded maize. The summary is:
1. The seminar will evaluate heterosis, heterobeltiosis, and economic heterosis based on a study of 13 maize lines and 3 testers using a line x tester mating design.
2. The study will also estimate general and specific combining ability effects to identify superior inbred lines and hybrids.
3. The research is being conducted at the Instructional Farm of the Rajasthan College of Agriculture using a randomized block design with 3 replications. Various agronomic traits and yield components will be recorded.
The document describes two case studies on breeding for drought resistance in rice. The first case study details a crossing program between a drought tolerant donor variety (Nagina 22) and three susceptible varieties (Swarna, IR64, MTU1010). QTL analysis identified a major QTL (qDTY1.1) on chromosome 1 that increased yield under drought stress in the progenies. The second case study describes a crossing between a susceptible (Danteshwai) and tolerant landrace (Dagaddeshi) followed by QTL mapping, which identified 20 QTL for yield under different drought conditions, with some located on chromosomes 1, 3 and 11. The identified QTL and genomic regions can help breed
This document summarizes a student's master's seminar presentation on stability for grain yield in little millet. It includes an introduction to little millet, its nutritional value and importance as a crop. It also discusses previous crop improvement efforts including varietal releases. It covers topics like genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and stability analysis. It presents data on promising new germplasm lines. Finally, it summarizes one case study on genetic variability in little millet genotypes.
This document summarizes a credit seminar on plant genetic resource management and future strategies in fruit crops. It discusses plant genetic resources, including landraces, obsolete cultivars, modern cultivars, wild forms, wild relatives, and mutants. It describes gene pools and types of seed collection for conservation. India is highlighted as one of the most biodiverse countries with centers of origin for crop plants. The document outlines genetic resource management activities and provides statistics on genetic resource collections for various horticultural crops in India. Future needs are discussed like increasing in situ conservation and meeting demand for nutrition. Case studies demonstrate in vitro preservation and cryopreservation methods for conserving grapevine genetic resources. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of genetic diversity and
CMS Source
1. Cajanus scarabaeoides
2. Cajanus cajanifolius
3. Cajanus platycarpus
4. Cajanus lineatus
5. Cajanus sericeus
This document provides an overview of hybrid pigeonpea seed production technology and its validation on farms. It discusses the major components of hybrid technology including male sterility systems, stable fertility restoration, and cost-effective mass pollination methods. It also summarizes key commercial hybrids released in India, their traits, and yield advantages over traditional varieties. The document concludes that hybrid seed production is profitable but requires validation
22. utilization of ssr markers for seed purity testing in popular rice hybridsVishwanath Koti
This document describes a study that used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify two popular rice hybrids (KRH-2 and DRRH-2) and their parental lines. Thirty-five SSR markers were tested, and six were found to be polymorphic across the hybrids and parents, allowing unique fingerprints for each. Five markers (RM 206, RM 276, RM 204, RM 234 and RM 228) differentiated the two hybrids. Analysis of parental lines found residual heterozygosity at two loci, highlighting the importance of SSR markers for maintaining genetic purity. A 20x20 grow-out matrix trial validated the SSR markers for detecting contaminants in commercial seed lots of the two hybrids.
This document outlines the principles and methods of plant breeding. It discusses the impact of parents, quality of parents, objectives of breeding, breeding methods, and pedigree. The main methods covered are for cross-pollinated crops, including mass selection, progeny selection, and recurrent selection, and for self-pollinated crops, like mass selection, pure line selection, bulk method, and back-cross method. It also defines a pure line as the progeny of a single homozygous plant of a self-pollinated species.
Study in respect of origin distribution of species-wild relatives and forms breeding objectives-major breeding procedures for development of varieties in Green gram
This presentation discusses speed breeding techniques that can accelerate plant development for research purposes. Speed breeding uses controlled environments with extended photoperiods to reduce generation times. It allows up to 6 generations per year for some crops like wheat, barley, and chickpeas compared to normal 2-3 generations. Speed breeding has been shown to work in growth chambers, glasshouses, and homemade growth rooms using LED lighting. It reduces time to flowering and maintains seed viability and yields. Speed breeding can help address global food security challenges by accelerating plant breeding and research.
Presentation made by Andy Jarvis in the Latin American Congress of Chemistry on 30th September 2010, in the symposium on Biodiversity and Ecosystems: the role of the chemical sciences.
This document discusses breeding in rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris). It originated in Central and South America. Breeding objectives for rajma include high pod yield, non-stringy long pods, early harvesting, bush/pole plant types, and abiotic stress tolerance. Breeding procedures used include introduction, pure line selection, mass selection, hybridization, pedigree method, bulk method, and backcross method. Canning quality is an important quality to consider in rajma breeding and is influenced by seed coat integrity and bioavailability of micronutrients.
This document provides information about a plant breeding course including its objectives. It begins with details about the course such as its name, credit hours, and presenter. It then discusses definitions of plant breeding and the objectives of plant breeding which include higher yields, improved quality, disease and insect resistance, and changes in maturity duration among other traits. The document lists 12 main objectives of plant breeding and provides examples for each one. It concludes with information about international agricultural research centers.
The document discusses three case studies related to genetic divergence and bioactive compounds in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.):
1. The first case study evaluated 100 chickpea genotypes and found significant genetic diversity between clusters. Days to flowering, 100 seed weight, number of seeds per plant, and plant height contributed most to diversity. Six genotypes were identified for hybridization.
2. The second case study used principal component analysis on 434 chickpea genotypes evaluated for 13 traits. Eight components captured 77.68% of variation, with days to flowering and seed yield contributing most. Five genotypes performed well across components.
3. The third case study analyzed correlations and path coefficients in chickpe
ESTIMATING STABILITY PARAMETERS AND STRESS INDICES USING ELITE SALT TOLERANT ...SriTejaswi11
This study evaluated 13 salt tolerant rice genotypes across 13 locations in India representing saline and alkaline environments over two years. Yield and other traits were measured and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis was performed to assess stability and adaptation. The AMMI1 model with one interaction principal component best explained the genotype-environment interactions. The genotype CHK3 was identified as the most widely adapted, with the highest yield across the most number of environments based on the AMMI models. This genotype shows potential for cultivation in multiple saline and alkaline environments.
This document outlines the objectives and methodology of a seminar on seasonal occurrence of soybean insect pests and the relative bioefficacy of different insecticides. The objectives are to: 1) Record the seasonal occurrence of soybean insect pests, 2) Evaluate the efficacy of different insecticides against major soybean pests, and 3) Determine the benefit-cost ratio of insecticidal treatments. The methodology involves monitoring pest populations over time, testing insecticides in RBD plots, and calculating costs and yields to determine benefit-cost ratios of treatments.
Chickpea breeding aims to develop higher yielding varieties with improved resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Breeding methods include hybridization of selected parents followed by selection of progeny. Hybridization techniques can increase success rates. Segregating populations are handled using pedigree, bulk, or single seed descent selection. Mutation breeding induces genetic variation which is selected in subsequent generations. This helps develop stress resistant and high yielding varieties adapted to Pakistan.
Classical and innovative approaches for the improvement ofmithraa thirumalai
This document discusses classical and innovative approaches for improving seed and seedling traits in rice. It describes classical breeding approaches like wide hybridization and backcrossing. It also discusses innovative approaches like marker-assisted breeding and genetic transformation. Several case studies are presented on improving traits like cold tolerance, flooding adaptation, seed shattering and dormancy. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with these traits have been identified and used to develop rice varieties with improved agronomic performance.
Root genetic research and its application in plant breeding or crop improvementOm Prakash Patidar
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, DHARWAD
DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING Master’s seminar-II
Root genetic research and its applications in plant breeding
Speaker: Om Prakash Patidar Date: 20/03/2015 ID No.: PGS13AGR6140 Time: 3:00 PM
Synopsis
Roots play an essential role in the acquisition of water and minerals from soils. Root system architecture (RSA), the spatial configuration of a root system in the soil, is used to describe the shape and structure of root system. Its importance in plant productivity lies in the fact that major soil resources are heterogeneously distributed in the soil, so that the spatial deployment of roots will substantially determine the ability of a plant to secure edaphic resources. Measuring crop root architecture and assaying for changes in function can be challenging, but examples have emerged showing that modifications to roots result in higher yield and increased stress tolerance.1
A marker-assisted back-crossing (MABC) breeding programme was conducted to improve the root morphological traits, and thereby drought tolerance, of the Indian upland rice variety, Kalinga III. The donor parent was Azucena, an upland japonica variety from Philippines. Five segments on different chromosomes were targeted for introgression; four segments carried QTLs for improved root morphological traits and the fifth carried a recessive QTL for aroma. It significantly increased root length under both irrigated and drought stress treatments.2
Alteration of root system architecture improves drought avoidance through the cloning and characterization of DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1), a rice quantitative trait locus controlling root growth angle. Higher expression of DRO1 increases the root growth angle, whereby roots grow in a more downward direction. Introducing DRO1 into a shallow-rooting rice cultivar by backcrossing enabled the resulting line to avoid drought by increasing deep rooting, which maintained high yield performance under drought conditions relative to the recipient cultivar.3
GmEXPB2, A vegetative -expansin gene, clone from a Pi starvation-induced soybean cDNA library. GmEXPB2 was found to be primarily expressed in roots, and was highly induced by Pi starvation, and the induction pattern was confirmed by GUS staining in transgenic soybean hairy roots. Results from intact soybean composite showed that GmEXPB2 is involved in hairy root elongation, and subsequently affects plant growth and P uptake, especially at low P levels.4
Candidate Aluminum tolerance proteins include organic acid efflux transporters, with the organic acids forming non-toxic complexes with rhizosphere aluminum. ge
This document presents the synopsis of a MSc student's thesis on studying major insect pests of groundnut. The objectives are to: 1) Study the insect pest complex and natural enemies of groundnut, 2) Study the seasonal incidence of major pests, and 3) Evaluate biopesticides against lepidopteran defoliators. Field experiments will be conducted in Bilaspur, India during the 2019 kharif season. Various biopesticides will be tested against defoliators by spraying treatments every 15 days and observing pest populations for efficacy evaluation. Meteorological data will also be collected and correlated with pest incidence.
This document provides an introduction and synopsis for a seminar on heterosis and combining ability in yellow seeded maize. The summary is:
1. The seminar will evaluate heterosis, heterobeltiosis, and economic heterosis based on a study of 13 maize lines and 3 testers using a line x tester mating design.
2. The study will also estimate general and specific combining ability effects to identify superior inbred lines and hybrids.
3. The research is being conducted at the Instructional Farm of the Rajasthan College of Agriculture using a randomized block design with 3 replications. Various agronomic traits and yield components will be recorded.
The document describes two case studies on breeding for drought resistance in rice. The first case study details a crossing program between a drought tolerant donor variety (Nagina 22) and three susceptible varieties (Swarna, IR64, MTU1010). QTL analysis identified a major QTL (qDTY1.1) on chromosome 1 that increased yield under drought stress in the progenies. The second case study describes a crossing between a susceptible (Danteshwai) and tolerant landrace (Dagaddeshi) followed by QTL mapping, which identified 20 QTL for yield under different drought conditions, with some located on chromosomes 1, 3 and 11. The identified QTL and genomic regions can help breed
This document summarizes a student's master's seminar presentation on stability for grain yield in little millet. It includes an introduction to little millet, its nutritional value and importance as a crop. It also discusses previous crop improvement efforts including varietal releases. It covers topics like genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and stability analysis. It presents data on promising new germplasm lines. Finally, it summarizes one case study on genetic variability in little millet genotypes.
This document summarizes a credit seminar on plant genetic resource management and future strategies in fruit crops. It discusses plant genetic resources, including landraces, obsolete cultivars, modern cultivars, wild forms, wild relatives, and mutants. It describes gene pools and types of seed collection for conservation. India is highlighted as one of the most biodiverse countries with centers of origin for crop plants. The document outlines genetic resource management activities and provides statistics on genetic resource collections for various horticultural crops in India. Future needs are discussed like increasing in situ conservation and meeting demand for nutrition. Case studies demonstrate in vitro preservation and cryopreservation methods for conserving grapevine genetic resources. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of genetic diversity and
CMS Source
1. Cajanus scarabaeoides
2. Cajanus cajanifolius
3. Cajanus platycarpus
4. Cajanus lineatus
5. Cajanus sericeus
This document provides an overview of hybrid pigeonpea seed production technology and its validation on farms. It discusses the major components of hybrid technology including male sterility systems, stable fertility restoration, and cost-effective mass pollination methods. It also summarizes key commercial hybrids released in India, their traits, and yield advantages over traditional varieties. The document concludes that hybrid seed production is profitable but requires validation
22. utilization of ssr markers for seed purity testing in popular rice hybridsVishwanath Koti
This document describes a study that used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify two popular rice hybrids (KRH-2 and DRRH-2) and their parental lines. Thirty-five SSR markers were tested, and six were found to be polymorphic across the hybrids and parents, allowing unique fingerprints for each. Five markers (RM 206, RM 276, RM 204, RM 234 and RM 228) differentiated the two hybrids. Analysis of parental lines found residual heterozygosity at two loci, highlighting the importance of SSR markers for maintaining genetic purity. A 20x20 grow-out matrix trial validated the SSR markers for detecting contaminants in commercial seed lots of the two hybrids.
This document outlines the principles and methods of plant breeding. It discusses the impact of parents, quality of parents, objectives of breeding, breeding methods, and pedigree. The main methods covered are for cross-pollinated crops, including mass selection, progeny selection, and recurrent selection, and for self-pollinated crops, like mass selection, pure line selection, bulk method, and back-cross method. It also defines a pure line as the progeny of a single homozygous plant of a self-pollinated species.
Study in respect of origin distribution of species-wild relatives and forms breeding objectives-major breeding procedures for development of varieties in Green gram
This presentation discusses speed breeding techniques that can accelerate plant development for research purposes. Speed breeding uses controlled environments with extended photoperiods to reduce generation times. It allows up to 6 generations per year for some crops like wheat, barley, and chickpeas compared to normal 2-3 generations. Speed breeding has been shown to work in growth chambers, glasshouses, and homemade growth rooms using LED lighting. It reduces time to flowering and maintains seed viability and yields. Speed breeding can help address global food security challenges by accelerating plant breeding and research.
Presentation made by Andy Jarvis in the Latin American Congress of Chemistry on 30th September 2010, in the symposium on Biodiversity and Ecosystems: the role of the chemical sciences.
This document discusses breeding in rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris). It originated in Central and South America. Breeding objectives for rajma include high pod yield, non-stringy long pods, early harvesting, bush/pole plant types, and abiotic stress tolerance. Breeding procedures used include introduction, pure line selection, mass selection, hybridization, pedigree method, bulk method, and backcross method. Canning quality is an important quality to consider in rajma breeding and is influenced by seed coat integrity and bioavailability of micronutrients.
This document provides information about a plant breeding course including its objectives. It begins with details about the course such as its name, credit hours, and presenter. It then discusses definitions of plant breeding and the objectives of plant breeding which include higher yields, improved quality, disease and insect resistance, and changes in maturity duration among other traits. The document lists 12 main objectives of plant breeding and provides examples for each one. It concludes with information about international agricultural research centers.
Phytoremediation potential of mustard (Brassica juncea) varieties exposed to ...MDMAHMUDALNOOR
This document summarizes a study that assessed the phytoremediation potential of 11 mustard (Brassica juncea) varieties exposed to lead (Pb) stress. Seedlings were treated with 200 μM Pb nitrate for 60 days. All varieties showed reduced growth under Pb stress. Variety BJ DH 17 exhibited the lowest reduction in traits including Pb accumulation. Variety Sambal showed the highest translocation of Pb from root to shoot and shoot to grain. It also had the highest bioaccumulation coefficient. Based on these results, the study concluded that variety Sambal is the most suitable for Pb phytoremediation due to its ability to extract and translocate Pb from
This study investigated the biochemical resistance mechanisms of Jatropha curcas against Lasiodiplodia theobramae, a leaf blight and necrosis pathogen. Biochemical parameters were evaluated in 8 Jatropha accessions before and after inoculation with the pathogen. The study found that resistant accessions activated the synthesis of defensive compounds like phenolics, flavonoids, proteins, photosynthetic pigments, and salicylic acid. They also increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Susceptible accessions showed decreased photosynthetic pigments and increased lipid peroxidation. Principal component analysis separated resistant from susceptible accessions based on their biochemical parameter profiles, indicating resistance is associated with the induction of defensive biomolecules and oxidative enzymes.
Breeding for Development of Climate Resilient Chickpea.pptxKanshouwaModunshim
The breeding for the development of Climate Resilient Chickpea is a critical initiative aimed at enhancing the productivity and adaptability of chickpea genotypes under challenging environmental conditions. Chickpea, a vital pulse crop globally, faces yield limitations due to the combined impact of heat, cold, drought, and salinity stresses. The average yields, currently far below the potential, necessitate the development of highly productive and resilient chickpea cultivars. Traditional breeding methods and modern genomic resources, including molecular markers, genetic maps, and QTL identification, have been instrumental in enhancing grain yields and stress adaptation. Marker-assisted backcrossing has successfully produced cultivars like Pusa Manav, demonstrating the effectiveness of genomic technologies. Additionally, the adoption of gene-editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, holds promise in accelerating genetic gain for stress-related traits.
The morpho-agronomic characterization study of Lens culinaris germplasm under...Shujaul Mulk Khan
The present research study evaluate and identify the most suitable and high yielding genotypes of Lens culinaris for the salt marsh habitat of Swat in moist temperate sort of agro climatic environment of Pakistan. A total of fourteen genotypes were cultivated and analyzed through Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). These genotypes were AZRC-4, NL-2, NL4, NL-5, NL-6, NARC-11-1, NARC-11-2, NARC-11-3, NARC-11-4, 09503, 09505, 09506, P.Masoor-09 and Markaz-09. Different parameters i.e., germination rate, flowering, physiological maturity, plant height, biological grain yield, seed weight, pods formation and its height, pods per plants and protein content were focused specially throughout the study. Preliminary the Lentil genotypes have significant variability in all the major morpho-agronomic traits. The days to germination, 50% flowering and 100 seed weight ranged from 7 to 9, 110 to 116 days, and from 5.4 to 7.3 gm respectively. Biological yield and grain yield ranged from 5333 to 9777 kg ha−1 and 1933 to 3655 kg ha−1 respectively. Whereas, protein contents ranged from 23.21% to 28.45%. It was concluded that the genotype AZRC-4 is better varity in terms of grain yield plus in 100 seed weight and moreover, 09506 genotype was significant under salt marsh habitat in early maturing for the Swat Valley, Pakistan.
The document discusses the principles of vegetable seed production. It covers genetic principles like variety deterioration, natural crossing, and maintaining genetic purity during seed production. It also discusses agronomic principles such as selection of the production region, isolation of seed crops, land preparation, variety selection, seed treatment, sowing time and method, irrigation, harvesting, drying and storage. Following appropriate seed production techniques can help farmers produce quality seeds for their own use or sale to generate income and boost overall vegetable production.
Cold Plasma Technique in Controlling Contamination and Improving the Physiolo...J. Agricultural Machinery
Today, almost half of the total human food, especially in Asia, is directly supplied from grains, and nearly 70% of the cultivated area of the world, which is one billion hectares, is used for growing grains. Therefore, non-destructive methods must be found and developed to increase seed quality in agriculture and industry. Cold plasma is a novel and efficient method that can be used in the agricultural and food sectors for the inactivation of surface microorganisms and the excitation of seeds. This review presents a summary of the effectiveness of cold plasma treatment on the characteristics of four important cereal plants: wheat, rice, corn, and barley. The focus is on the effects of this treatment on seed germination, surface property changes, water uptake of seeds, growth parameters of root, shoot, and seedling length, biomass parameters, and metabolic activities. By examining the research conducted by the researchers, it can be seen that the cereal seeds treated with cold plasma had better germination power, water absorption, shoot length, growth efficiency, shoot and root weight, and metabolic activity. This review can provide insight into the promising trends in utilizing plasma as a method to decrease the prevalence of harmful plant diseases transmitted through seeds and reduce the dormancy of hard seeds.
5. Phenotyping of lentil genotypes for drought tolerance using polyethylene g...MDMAHMUDALNOOR
This study evaluated the response of 7 lentil genotypes to drought stress induced by different concentrations of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000). Seeds were exposed to 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% PEG solutions to assess germination rates and the effects on seedling and plant growth over time. Various growth and yield parameters were measured. Results showed that all parameters decreased with increasing drought stress levels for all genotypes. However, at the highest 20% PEG level, genotype LG-208 performed better for all traits compared to the other genotypes, indicating it has greater drought tolerance and may be suitable for cultivation in drought-prone areas.
This document provides details about a proposed research study on physiological attributes of drought tolerance in contrasting genotypes of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The study will evaluate the effects of drought on various morpho-physiological attributes in 10 mustard genotypes (6 drought tolerant and 4 drought susceptible). The experiment will use a randomized block design with two treatments (control and drought conditions), three replications, and 10 genotypes. The objectives are to study the effects of drought on growth, yield, physiological indices, and correlation of traits with yield under drought.
The document discusses a doctoral seminar presentation on doubled haploid (DH) technology. It begins with introducing the speaker and others involved. It then provides background on DH technology, describing it as a method to produce completely homozygous plants from haploid cells whose chromosome number has been doubled. The document discusses various chromosome doubling methods, approaches for DH production, applications in plant breeding and genomics, advantages and disadvantages. It provides timelines of haploid development and DH production in some crops. In conclusion, the document discusses DH technology as a valuable tool for plant improvement and addresses future strategies.
This document provides information about a PhD research project aiming to improve cold tolerance in tomato plants through genetic transformation. The project will first optimize tomato tissue culture and regeneration protocols. Then the DREB1A gene, which regulates genes related to cold stress, will be inserted into tomato plants using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transformed plants will be evaluated for cold tolerance by measuring physiological parameters like membrane leakage, proline and sugar accumulation, and chlorophyll concentration. The goal is to develop cold tolerant tomato varieties using genetic engineering techniques.
This document provides information about a PhD research project aiming to improve tomato plants' tolerance to cold stress through genetic transformation. The project will standardize tomato tissue culture protocols, incorporate the DREB1A cold tolerance gene into tomato varieties using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and evaluate transgenic lines for cold tolerance by measuring physiological parameters like membrane leakage, proline and sugar accumulation, and chlorophyll concentration. The research will be conducted at the National Institute of Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology in Islamabad, Pakistan.
This document summarizes various biotechnological approaches that can be used to improve vegetable crops, including meristem culture, anther culture, embryo rescue, somatic hybridization, and somaclonal variation. Meristem culture is effective for eliminating viruses from plants and can produce virus-free generations. Anther culture can be used for hybrid development, inducing mutations, and generating male plants. Embryo rescue allows the recovery of interspecific hybrids and reduces breeding cycles. Somatic hybridization fuses cells from different species to transfer beneficial traits. Somaclonal variation induces heritable variations during tissue culture that can be selected for traits like stress tolerance. Case studies provide examples of applying each technique for different crops.
No 15. correlation and genetic distance on sixteen rice varieties grown under...PARTNER, BADC, World Bank
The document summarizes a study on the correlation between traits and genetic distance among 16 rice varieties grown using the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method. Key findings include:
1) Plant dry weight was positively correlated with time of harvest, number of effective tillers, and grain yield. Weed population was positively correlated with time of harvest and number of effective tillers.
2) Varieties formed two major groups (Group A and Group B) based on cluster analysis. Group A had two clusters and Group B had five varieties in one cluster.
3) Selection of traits like plant dry weight or varieties showing relationships/proximity could benefit rice breeding programs.
The document summarizes a seminar on biodiversity and conservation of fruit crops. It defines key terms like biodiversity and germplasm. It describes India's biodiversity hotspots and status as a center of diversity for many fruit crops. It outlines principles and practices for germplasm collection, including exploration, sampling methods, and collection of wild relatives. It also discusses evaluation and documentation of collected germplasm.
effect of irrigation levels on yield performance of black cuminIJEAB
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Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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1. Diallel Mating in Selected Short Duration Oil Seed
Brassica Genotypes and Heterotic Performance of
Hybrids Under Salinity Stress
Presented by:
Md. Fahim Hassan Khan
Roll No. :19GPB-JJ26M
Reg. No. :42917
Supervisor:
Dr. Arif Hasan Khan Robin
Professor and Head
1
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Bangladesh Agricultural University,
Mymensingh
3. Introduction
Mustard and Rapeseed (Brassica
spp.) are one of the most important
oilseed crops
3 U triangle species: B. rapa, B.
Juncea, B. napus are being cultivated
in Bangladesh
3.36 lakh ha produces 3.6 lakh tons
(YAS,2017), 0.5% of World’s total
production
Cultivate in Rabi season between
Boro and T-Aman Rice
Get less time priority as Rice is our
main concern
3
Fig1: Brassica U Triangle
4. salinity is a great problem in Bangladesh
and around the world
Approximately 30% cropping area, 1.056
million ha of arable lands in Bangladesh
Crop production is greatly hampered
So, it is crucial to develop salinity
tolerance variety
4
Fig2: Salinity effect on Plant
5. 5
Specific Objectives
To mate selected mustard genotypes following diallel method to
access GCA & SCA
To investigate morphological and biochemical traits of hybrids
and parents under salinity stress
To screen out short duration and salinity stress tolerant
genotypes
Objectives
Broad objective
To identify short duration and salinity tolerance Mustard
genotypes.
6. Materials and Methods
Experiment 1: Diallel Mating
Plant Materials Collection: Materials
were collected form GPB field Laboratory.
Site: GPB Field Lab
Time of experiment: Nov 2018-Feb 2019
Diallel crosses were made and F1 seeds
have been harvested
5×5 diallel mating
No. of cross combinations:20
Replication: 5
6
original Source Name of
Genotypes
All of the
genotypes
are
advanced
breeding line
of BARI
BD-10108
BD-10110
BD-10112
BD-10455
BD-7113
Table: List of Genotypes
Fig3: Emasculation Fig4: Pollination Fig5: Harvesting
7. 7
Experiment 2: Hydroponic culture
under salinity stress
Site: Plant Culture Room, Dept. of GPB, BAU
Time: Jun 2019-Sep 2019
Activities to be Done..
Parent and Hybrid seeds will be
grown in hydroponic under
different salinity stress
Morphological data for various traits will
be taken
Biochemical analysis will be done
Salinity
level
Hydroponic
culture
0mM Temp: 20±1oC
50mM pH: 5.8-6.3
100mM E.C: 0.7-1
~ proline, hydrogen peroxide, MAD, POX, CAT, APX etc.
Shoot length, Root
length, No. of live leaves,
RDW, SDW, Branching,
Date of 50% flowering
8. 8
Experiment 3: Screening of desired genotypes
Site: GPB Field Lab
Time: Nov 2019-Feb 2020
Activities to be done..
F1 and parental seeds will be shown in field
Design: RCBD
Data will be taken
At vegetative and Reproductive stages
Statistical analysis will be done
Software: Minitab 18, PLABSTAT, R
Shoot length, Root
length, no. of live leaves,
Branching, Date of 50%
and 80% flowering, no.
of fruits per plant, no. of
seeds per fruit, RDW,
SDW, 1000 seed weight
9. 9
Time Frame
Nov 2018 –
Feb 2019
Mar 2019 –
Jun 2019
Jul 2019 –
Oct 2019
Nov 2019 –
Feb 2020
Mar 2020 –
May 2020
Making
Research
Proposal
Genotype
Collection
Diallel
Mating
Literature
Review
Observing
Senior’s
experiment
Literature
Review
Growing in
Growth
Chamber
Hydroponic
Media
Managing
Impose
Salinity
Treatment
Sowing F1
at Field
Selfing &
Data
Collection
F2 Seed
Harvesting
Thesis
Writing
Thesis
Evaluation
Thesis
Submission
10. 10
Budgeting
Items Amount (TK)
Field experiment 10,000
Hydroponic culture 20,000
Chemical analysis 15,000
Others 5000
Total 50,000
Germination failure of seeds
Insect and Pest attack
Weather risk during field experiment
Management risk at field
System and Electricity risk during Hydroponic experiment
Mechanical and Chemical interruptions
Possible Risks
11. Conclusion
As mustard is a good source of edible oil, its wide cultivation is
necessary. But in Bangladesh Rice is the superior cultivated
crop. Besides, salinity hampers crop cultivation to a great
extent.
So it needs to incorporate a short duration, high yielding, and
salinity tolerance variety in between two major rice growing
seasons.
This study may will help to screen Short duration mustard
genotypes considering Salinity and other traits in future.
11
Acknowledgements
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Arif Hasan Khan Robin sir
Sharif Ar Raffi sir
Field technicians and Stuffs
Special thanks to Jaber Bin Azim
12. 12
Scholars
Adefris Teklewold Chere (senior scientist of CYMMIT)
Prof. Dr. Heiko C. Becker (Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Dep. of
Crop Sciences)
Dr. Arif Hasan Khan Robin (Professor, Bangladesh Agricultural University)
B. Griffing
Helal, M. U., Islam, N., Kadir, M., & Miah, N. H. (2016). Performance of rapeseed
and mustard (Brassica sp.) varieties/lines in North-East region (sylhet) of
Bangladesh. Agril Res Technol, 2, 01-06.
TEKLEWOLD, A., and H. C. BECKER, 2005 Heterosis and Combining Ability in a Diallel
Cross of Ethiopian Mustard Inbred Lines. Crop Science 45: 2629-2635.
Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics-2017
References