This document discusses the diagnosis of allergies in children. It covers the significance of allergy tests, various in vivo and in vitro diagnostic tests including skin prick tests, RAST tests, and patch tests. It also discusses the development of allergic diseases and different types of allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, eczema, and food allergies.
Allergic disorders are on rise with increase in urbanization, improved personal hygiene & more people migrating in search of jobs, better opportunities. Diagnosis of allergy can aid the clinician is appropriate counselling of the patient for avoidance of specific allergens & if required prescribe appropriate immunotherapy.
Allergies are becoming increasingly common in Australia for a range of reasons. These slides were developed for a course created to help the community better understand and more effectively manage allergies.
At present, 1 in 5 Australians is affected by an allergy, of which food allergies constitute the majority. Often one test cannot conclusively diagnose an allergen and a combination of tests may need to be conducted for certainty.
Allergic disorders are on rise with increase in urbanization, improved personal hygiene & more people migrating in search of jobs, better opportunities. Diagnosis of allergy can aid the clinician is appropriate counselling of the patient for avoidance of specific allergens & if required prescribe appropriate immunotherapy.
Allergies are becoming increasingly common in Australia for a range of reasons. These slides were developed for a course created to help the community better understand and more effectively manage allergies.
At present, 1 in 5 Australians is affected by an allergy, of which food allergies constitute the majority. Often one test cannot conclusively diagnose an allergen and a combination of tests may need to be conducted for certainty.
An allergy is an immune system response to a foreign substance that’s not typically harmful to your body. These foreign substances are called allergens. They can include certain foods, pollen, or pet dander. the presentation deals with the precautions to take, the preventive measures and the types of allergies. Causes of allergy and the common symptoms priovide the awareness whilst diagnosis of allergy is the preventive process.
Allergy is defined as a disorder of the immune system often also referred to as atopy. Allergic reactions occur when a person’s immune system reacts to normally harmless substances in the environment.
Allergies arise when immune system reacts to foreign body.
The immune system produces substances known as antibodies that protect us from unwanted invaders which could make us sick or cause an infection. When one comes into contact with the allergen, the response of the immune system can inflame skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.
The severity of allergies varies from one person to another and can range from trivial irritation to a potentially life threatening emergency. While most allergies cannot be cured, a number of treatments can assist get rid of allergy symptoms
1. What are hypersensitivity reactions
2. Types of hypersensitivity reactions
3. Type 1 Hypersensitivity reaction
4. Type 2 Hypersensitivity reaction
5. Type 3 Hypersensitivity reaction
6. Type 4 Hypersensitivity reaction
7. Summary
Allergy is the common hypersensitivity disorder that involves exaggerated response of the immune system. To make your audience aware or to explore more about the disease you can easily use astounding Allergy Test PowerPoint Templates. Know more: http://www.medicalppttemplates.com/medical-ppt-templates.aspx/Allergy-Test-243
An allergy is an immune system response to a foreign substance that’s not typically harmful to your body. These foreign substances are called allergens. They can include certain foods, pollen, or pet dander. the presentation deals with the precautions to take, the preventive measures and the types of allergies. Causes of allergy and the common symptoms priovide the awareness whilst diagnosis of allergy is the preventive process.
Allergy is defined as a disorder of the immune system often also referred to as atopy. Allergic reactions occur when a person’s immune system reacts to normally harmless substances in the environment.
Allergies arise when immune system reacts to foreign body.
The immune system produces substances known as antibodies that protect us from unwanted invaders which could make us sick or cause an infection. When one comes into contact with the allergen, the response of the immune system can inflame skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.
The severity of allergies varies from one person to another and can range from trivial irritation to a potentially life threatening emergency. While most allergies cannot be cured, a number of treatments can assist get rid of allergy symptoms
1. What are hypersensitivity reactions
2. Types of hypersensitivity reactions
3. Type 1 Hypersensitivity reaction
4. Type 2 Hypersensitivity reaction
5. Type 3 Hypersensitivity reaction
6. Type 4 Hypersensitivity reaction
7. Summary
Allergy is the common hypersensitivity disorder that involves exaggerated response of the immune system. To make your audience aware or to explore more about the disease you can easily use astounding Allergy Test PowerPoint Templates. Know more: http://www.medicalppttemplates.com/medical-ppt-templates.aspx/Allergy-Test-243
Pet's have allergies. In fact, pets can be allergic to many of the same things that people are. While we sneeze, get watery eyes, or get stuffy; pets are more likely to itch, get hives, or have GI issues. This presentation goes over what an allergy actually is, different ways to test for allergy, and our approach to allergy treatment or long term allergy management.
Skin prick testing of pediatric allergies copy.pptxdrgsvt
Skin prickly test is the most useful, easiest and affordable investigation to identify the suspected allergen as to the cause of sensitisation … it will detect bound IgE … it is preferred to immunocap assay test…
Src jbbr-21-125 Dr. ihsan edan abdulkareem alsaimary PROFESSOR IN MEDICAL M...dr.Ihsan alsaimary
Dr. ihsan edan abdulkareem alsaimary
PROFESSOR IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
ihsanalsaimary@gmail.com
mobile : 009647801410838
university of basrah - college of medicine - basrah -IRAQ
Allergy Testing. Maybe you are wondering if you are allergic to something. What is the simplest, quickest, and most effective method of allergy testing? Find out how easy and effective this solution is.
This presentation includes Investigations and basic as well recent advances in management of allergic rhinitis. Starting from antihistamines, steroid (systemic and topical), Immunotherapy. Hope its helpful for some Undergraduates and postgraduates
Dr. ihsan edan abdulkareem alsaimary
PROFESSOR IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
ihsanalsaimary@gmail.com
mobile : 009647801410838
university of basrah - college of medicine - basrah -IRAQ
The first dedicated centre in West Bengal dealing with treatments for Snoring and Sleep Apnea, Voice & Speech problem, complete ENT solutions, Dental Treatment Orange Dental and ENT Care Centre, Snore and Sinus Clinic provide the latest treatment for patients suffering from snoring.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Maxilla, Mandible & Hyoid Bone & Clinical Correlations by Dr. RIG.pptx
Diagnoisis of allergy in children
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5. Normal and Atopic Normal Atopic Foreign Antigen Antigen Presenting Cell B & T lymphocytes Immunoglobulin Mast Cell Mediators TH1 TH2 IgE IgG, IgM eosinophil Mast Cell Histamine Leukotrine Cytokines eosinophil No change 2 nd difference 1 st difference
6. Development of Allergic diseases Environmental factors Atopic Immune Response In Utero Genetic Predispostion IgE Production Senstized Person Atopic Disease -Atopic dermatitis -Allergic Rhinitis -Asthma Environmental Allergen After Delivery
7. Mediators of Immediate Hypersensitivity attract eosinophil and neutrophils ECF-A kinins and vasodilatation, vascular permeability, edema kininogenase proteolysis tryptase bronchoconstriction, mucus secretion, vasodilatation, vascular permeability histamine Preformed mediators in mast cell granules: platelet aggregation and heparin release: microthrombi PAF edema and pain prostaglandins D 2 same as histamine but 1000x more potent leukotriene C 4 , D 4 basophil attractant leukotriene B 4 Newly formed mediators:
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9. Allergic Rhinitis If the allergic reaction occurs at the nose, it results in congestion , nasal itching, sneezing & running nose.
10. URTICARIA / Skin If the allergic reaction occurs at the skin, it results in vasodilatation leading to Erythema , swelling & itching
11. Allergic Asthma If the allergic reaction occurs at the lung, it results in bronchial muscle constriction, increased mucous secretion leading to coughing, wheezing & difficulty in breathing
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13. Atopic and Contact Eczema Atopic Eczema : Type I & Type 4 hypersensitivity reactions
25. Types of Allergy Tests Non Specific : Eosinophils Count Total Serum Ig E Abs. Specific tests: 1- Skin Prick Tests 2- Rast Specific IgE Abs. 3- Patch Skin Test Common 4- Measurement of mediators levels E.C.P , Tryptase , Histamine 5- Provocation & Challenge Test 6- Exhaled nitric oxide test ? Alternative Tests ?? Advanced
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30. (SPT ) Procedure A sterile special prick lancet is used to make a small prick through the drop and a new lancet is used for each allergen used. After this, the excess allergen is removed by laying a tissue on the arm (not by wiping).
31. Skin Prick Test The test is then read at 15 minutes. Positive wheals are those which are 3mm or more in diameter greater than the negative control.
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34. Rast IgE Procedure Step 1: The specific allergen is bound to a solid-phase support Step 2: Patient serum is incubated with the solid phase material, allowing reaction of the specific IgE with the allergen. Excess serum and non-allergen specific IgE are then washed away. Step 3: Labeled anti-IgE antibody conjugate is added. A subsequent wash removes unbound labeled antibody. Step 4 Measurement of the bound labeled anti-IgE by the proper detector is directly proportional to the patient's allergen specific IgE e e
37. Patch Skin Test Contact allergens ready coupled to tape Contact allergens manually prepared
38. Patch Skin Testing 48 – 72 hrs later the patch is removed and the skin sites are assessed for allergic or eczematous changes
39. Patch Test Result If the patients is allergic to the tested material , his T CD8 lymphocytes are sensitized and the contact allergen will cause them to secrete certain cytokines that attract inflamatory cells to the site and produce the positive reaction manifested by erythema, papules and vesicles. It is a Delayed Hypersensitivity (Type 4) reaction
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42. ECP Test Step 1: Anti-ECP Coupled to a solid phase (immunoCAP). Step 2: Patient serum is added and the ECP will bind the anti-ECP immunoCAP. Step 3: Tracer anti-ECP antibody conjugate is added. Step 4: Measurement of the bound labeled anti-ECP by the proper detector is directly proportional to the patient's serum ECP. e e
43. Patch Skin Test Contact allergens ready coupled to tape Contact allergens manually prepared
44. Patch Skin Testing 48 – 72 hrs later the patch is removed and the skin sites are assessed for allergic or eczematous changes
45. Patch Test Result If the patients is allergic to the tested material , his T CD8 lymphocytes are sensitized and the contact allergen will cause them to secrete certain cytokines that attract inflamatory cells to the site and produce the positive reaction manifested by erythema, papules and vesicles. It is a Delayed Hypersensitivity (Type 4) reaction
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48. ECP Test Step 1: Anti-ECP Coupled to a solid phase (immunoCAP). Step 2: Patient serum is added and the ECP will bind the anti-ECP immunoCAP. Step 3: Tracer anti-ECP antibody conjugate is added. Step 4: Measurement of the bound labeled anti-ECP by the proper detector is directly proportional to the patient's serum ECP. e e
49. ECP Test Step 1: Anti-ECP Coupled to a solid phase (immunoCAP). Step 2: Patient serum is added and the ECP will bind the anti-ECP immunoCAP. Step 3: Tracer anti-ECP antibody conjugate is added. Step 4: Measurement of the bound labeled anti-ECP by the proper detector is directly proportional to the patient's serum ECP. e e
50. Tryptase Assay Mast cells release a unique tryptase enzyme upon activation. The presence of measurable serum tryptase is a good index of mast cell activation, especially in cases of anaphylaxis where Tryptase Level increases sharply within half an hour and remains high for about 6-20 hours. Clotted blood samples should be taken serially after a suspected anaphylactoid reaction at ½ - 1 hour intervals for 4-6 hours after the reaction and serum stored for mast cell tryptase assay .
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52. Challenge Test Food For a suspected food allergy we can perform the Double Blind Placebo Controlled Food Challenge (DBPCFC) Test. In this test, the offending food is concealed in a capsule or broth and under careful supervision is given to the patient, starting with very small dose and increasing it gradually to see if he reacts to it. This should only be done in specializede allergy clinics with full resuscitation equipment available. This is the most accurate food allergy test but it is time consuming.
53. Histamine Challenge Test This test depends on the fact that inhalation of histamine or methacholine provokes Bronchospasm in most asthmatic patients. Increasing histamine concentration are inhaled until FEV 1 drops by 20% and the concentration causing this fall (PC20) is recorded and compared with the normal
55. Controversial Allergy Tests Some practitioners perform tests that have not been shown to have an acceptable degree of diagnostic reliability or reproducibility on repeated testing. These tests should therefore not be relied upon for allergy diagnostic purposes as they are of an inferior nature and regarded as a cheating practice.