This document provides information on the classification of dangerous goods for an internal safety training. It defines dangerous goods and outlines their nine main classes based on the Globally Harmonized System, including explosives, gases, flammable liquids and solids, oxidizing agents, toxins, radioactive substances, corrosives, and miscellaneous hazardous items. Each class is further divided into subclasses based on specific chemical hazards. The document provides details on the various subclasses and examples of dangerous goods that fall within each one.

1. FOR INTERNAL USE
SAFETY
TRAINING
Topics:
CLASSIFICATION OF
DANGEROUS GOODS

2. FOR INTERNAL USE
Training Objectives:
▸To know the meaning of dangerous goods;
▸To know the various classification of dangerous goods;
▸To know the various standards of DG labelling
▸To know the hazards involved various in DG clauses
▸To know about the Petroleum DG classes of India

3. FOR INTERNAL USE
Definition:
Dangerous Goods (DG)
Dangerous goods or hazardous goods are solids, liquids, or gases that
can harm people, other living organisms, property, or the environment (if
not properly controlled).

4. FOR INTERNAL USE
Classifications of DG:
Dangerous goods are indicated by diamond-shaped signage on the item, its
container, or the building where it is stored.
The symbol and signage in each diamond indicates its hazard, e.g., flammable is
indicated with red flame symbol, because fire and heat are generally of red colour.
DG has classified based on the potential hazards involved with the substance and are
basically divided into nine classes (in addition to several subcategories) on the basis
of the specific chemical characteristics producing the risk. The classes based on
Globally Harmonized System (GHS) of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals are,
Class 1: Explosives Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Substances
Class 2: Gases Class 7: Radioactive substances
Class 3: Flammable Liquids Class 8: Corrosive substances
Class 4: Flammable Solids Class 9: Miscellaneous
Class 5: Oxidizing Agents and Organic Peroxides

5. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 1 : Explosives
An explosive material, also called an explosive, is a reactive substance that
contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if
released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat,
sound, and pressure.

6. FOR INTERNAL USE
Sub Classes of Class 1 : Explosives
1.1 : Explosives – Mass Explosion Hazard
1.2 : Explosives – Blast / Projection Hazard
1.3 : Explosives – Minor Blast Hazard
1.4 : Explosives – Major Fire Hazard
1.5 : Explosives – Blasting Agents
1.6 : Explosives – Extremely Insensitive Explosives

7. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 2 : Gases
Flammable Gases are gases which ignite on contact with an ignition
source, such as acetylene, hydrogen, LPG

8. FOR INTERNAL USE
Sub Classes of Class 2 : Gases
2.1 : Gases – Flammable Gases
2.2 : Gases – Non-Flammable Hazardous Gases
2.3 : Gases – Poisonous Gases
2.2 : Gases – Oxygen (Alternative Placard)
2.3 : Gases – Inhalation Hazard (Alternative Placard)

9. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 3 : Flammable Liquid
Flammable liquid is a combustible liquid that can easily catch fire.
However, it is not the liquid itself that burns, but the vapor cloud
above the liquid that will burn

10. FOR INTERNAL USE
Sub Classes of Class 3 : Flammable Liquids
3.1 : Flammable Liquids – Flammable Liquids (Below 37.8°c)
3.2 : Flammable Liquids – Combustible (Alternative Placard)
(Above 37.8°c)
3.3 : Flammable Liquids – Fuel Oil (Alternative Placard)
3.4 : Flammable Liquids – Gasoline (Alternative Placard)

11. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 4 : Flammable Solids
Flammable Solids are Solid substances that are easily ignited
and readily combustible (nitrocellulose, magnesium, safety or
strike-anywhere matches).

12. FOR INTERNAL USE
Sub Classes of Class 4 : Flammable Solid
4.1 : Flammable Solids
4.2 : Flammable Solids – Spontaneously Combustible Solids
Solid substances that ignite spontaneously
(aluminium alkyls, white phosphorus).
4.3 : Flammable Solids – Dangerous when Wet
Solid substances that emit a flammable gas when wet or react
violently with water
(sodium, calcium, potassium, calcium carbide).

13. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 5 : Oxidizing Agents
An oxidizing agent is a substance that can oxidize other substances.
Common oxidizing agents are oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and the halogens.

14. FOR INTERNAL USE
Sub Classes of Class 5 : Oxidizing Agents
5.1 : Oxidizing Agents
E.g: calcium hypochlorite, ammonium nitrate,
hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate
5.2 : Organic Peroxide Oxidizing Agent
Organic peroxides, either in liquid or solid form
E.g: benzoyl peroxides, cumene hydroperoxide

15. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 6 : Toxins
A toxic substance is a substance that can be poisonous or cause serious health
effects / affects organs at the event of contact.

16. FOR INTERNAL USE
Sub Classes of Class 6 : Toxins
6.1 : Poison
Poison are substances which are liable to cause death or serious injury to
human health if inhaled, swallowed
or by skin absorption
E.g: (potassium cyanide, mercuric chloride).
6.2 : Biohazard
Substances which are liable to cause risk to human health or the
environment arising from biological work,
especially with microorganisms. World Health Organization (WHO) divides
this class into two categories:
Category A: Infectious; and
Category B: Samples (virus cultures, pathology specimens, used
intravenous needles).

17. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 7 : Radioactive Substances
Radioactive substances comprise substances or a combination of substances which
emit ionizing / nonionizing radiation (uranium, plutonium).
Radioactive Hazard

18. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 8 : Corrosive Substances
A corrosive substance is one that will destroy and damage other substances with
which it comes into contact. It may attack a great variety of materials, including
metals and various organic compounds, but people are mostly concerned with its
effects on living tissue: it causes chemical burns on contact and can lead to
complications when ingested.

19. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 9 : Miscellaneous
Hazardous substances that do not fall
into the other categories
E.g : Environmentally Hazardous
Substances, Irritants, Harmful Substances,
Health Hazardous substances, Asbestos,
Air-bag inflators, Self inflating life rafts,
Dry ice

20. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 9 : Environmentally Hazardous Substance:
An environmental hazard is a substance which has the potential to threaten the
surrounding natural environment / or adversely affect People, Flora, Fauna &
Water Species.

21. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 9 : Health Hazard (Man in red rhombus symbol):
This symbol indicates Serious long term health hazard / Fatal if
swallowed and enters airways / May cause damage to organs / May
cause cancer / May cause genetic defects / May cause allergy, asthma
or breathing difficulties.

22. FOR INTERNAL USE
Class 9 : Exclamation Mark
An exclamation mark symbol in dangerous goods means the
substance may be an Irritant / Dermal Sensitizer / Toxic (Harmful) /
Harm to Respiratory Track

23. FOR INTERNAL USE
Thank you….