Chemical Handling Presentation

2. Chemicals have
improved our
QUALITY of LIFE.

3. There are 46 list of chemicals
as of Sep 2010.
However Misuse of
chemicals can be a
major threat to health
& environment.

4. 1013 DOLE BWC OSHS: Hazardous Workplaces:
For purposes of this standards, the following are
considered “Hazardous Workplaces.”
a. Where the nature of work exposes the
workers to dangerous environmental
elements, contaminants or work conditions
including ionizing radiation, chemicals, fire,
flammable substances, noxious components
and the like;
b. Where the workers are engaged in construction
work, logging, fire fighting, mining, quarrying,
blasting, stevedoring, dock work, deep sea fishing
and mechanical farming;

5. c. Where the workers are engaged in the manufacture
or handling of explosives and other pyrotechnic
products;
d. Where the workers use or are exposed to
power driven or explosive powder actuated
tools;
e. Where the workers are exposed to biologic agents
such as bacteria, fungi viruses, protozoas, nematodes
and other parasites.
1013 DOLE BWC OSHS: Hazardous Workplaces:

6. Objectives:
At the end of the training, the participants will be able to:
Identify ways on how to prevent accidents associated with
storage, handling and disposal of chemicals.
Respond to chemical emergencies such as spill and
exposures.
Impart the importance of the MSDS.

7. I. Properties of Hazardous Chemicals
A. Flammability
B. Health Hazard
C. Reactivity
D. NFPA Hazard Diamond
II. Handling of Hazardous Chemicals
A. Chemical Handling
III. Material Safety Data Sheet
A. MSDS
B. WHAT INFORMATION IS REQUIRED ON
MSDS
C. WHERE DO WE FIND MSDS
IV. Emergency Response to Chemical Spill and Exposure

9. Properties of
Hazardous Chemicals
 Corrosive
 Flammable
 Toxic
 Reactive
 Biological (infectious)
 Carcinogen (cancer-causing)
 Radioactive

10. Physical States of
Hazardous Materials
 Liquid
 Solid
 Gas
 Vapor

11. Incompatible Chemicals
 Flammables and oxidizers
 Flammables and any ignition source
 Acids and cyanides
 Strong acids and strong alkalines
 Concentrated acids and water
 Organic solvents and corrosives
 Corrosives and other reactive materials

12. NFPA Hazard Diamond
The NFPA ( National Fire Protection Association) – is a
voluntary membership organization whose aim is to promote
and improve fire protection and prevention. NFPA has
published 16 volumes of codes known as the National Fire
Codes. Within these codes is a Standard No. 704. “
Identification of the Fire Hazards of Materials.” This is a
system that rates the hazard of a material during a fire.

13. These hazards are divided into health, flammability and
reactivity hazards and appear in a well-known diamond
system using from zero to four to indicate severity of the
hazard. Zero indicates no special hazard and four indicates
severe hazard.
The NFPA ( National Fire Protection Association) Diamond is
an OSHA regulation that requires all chemicals in the
workplace be clearly labeled so to better warn the user of its
potential hazards. Here is the current layout of the NFPA
diamond and it’s ratings…
NFPA Hazard Diamond

14. NFPA Hazard Diamond Label
Health Hazard Rating
(chronic effect on health not considered)
4 – May be FATAL
3 – TOXIC
2 – HARMFUL
1 – IRRITATING
0 – NO UNUSUAL HAZARD
Flammability Rating
( Fire Hazard Rating)
4 – Flammable below 22.75ºC
3 – Flammable below 37.74ºC
2 – Combustible below 93.24ºC
1 – Combustible if heated to
93.24ºC and above
0 – Will not burn
Specific Hazard/Type of PPE
Oxidizer – OXY
Acid – ACID
Alkali – ALK
Corrosive – COR/ W
Radiation Hazard -
Use no Water - ---
Polymerizes – P
No special Hazard -
Reactivity Rating
4 – May DETONATE
3 – SHOCK and HEAT
may Detonate
2 – VIOLENT CHEMICAL CHANGE
1 – UNSTABLE IF HEATED
0 – STABLE
4
4 4
A

15. A. Flammability
 Is a measure of how
easily a gas, liquid, or
solid will ignite and how
quickly the flame, once
started will spread.
 The more readily
ignition occurs the more
flammable the material
is.
Flammability Rating
4 – Flammable below 22.75ºC
3 – Flammable below 37.74ºC
2 – Combustible below 93.24ºC
1 – Combustible if heated to
93.24ºC and above
0 – Will not burn

16.  Flash Point
- The lowest temperature at which the vapor
of a combustible liquid can be made to ignite
momentarily in air.
Volatility
- Is an indication of how easily the liquid or
solid will pass into the vapor stage.
Ex. of commonly-used flammable chemicals:
Acetone; Acetylene; Isopropyl Alcohol

17.  The hazard property
of a chemical that can
burn, irritate, or
destructively attack
living tissue.
Gases, liquids, and
solids can exhibit
hazardous effect on
health according to its
numeric health rating.
Health Hazard Rating
(chronic effect on health
not considered)
4 – May be FATAL
3 – TOXIC
2 – HARMFUL
1 – IRRITATING
0 – NO UNUSUAL HAZARD

18. Toxicity
Is the ability of a substance to cause damage of living
tissue, impairment of the central nervous system, severe
illness, or in extreme cases, death when ingested,
inhaled, or absorbed through the skin.

19. Ex. of commonly used corrosives:
Hydrochloric Acid (Descaler); Sulfuric Acid;
Sodium hydroxide; Nitric Acid; Ammonium
Hydroxide

20.  Explosives
- Are chemicals that
cause sudden, almost
instantaneous release of large
or small amounts of pressure,
gas,heat and when subjected
to sudden shock, pressure or
high temperature.
Ex. of commonly-used
explosive chemicals:
Ammonia; Potassium Nitrate
Reactivity Rating
4 – May DETONATE
3 – SHOCK and HEAT
may Detonate
2 – VIOLENT
CHEMICAL CHANGE
1 – UNSTABLE
IF HEATED
0 – STABLE

22. 22
This section will first discuss general
considerations and requirements for chemical
storage.
Next, it will provide specific information for the
storage of chemicals by hazard class.
Chemical Storage

23. There must be an inventory list of hazardous
chemicals as defined.
Chemical containers must be labeled with a
minimum of chemical name, hazard warnings and
target organs.
Containers shall be dated when received and
opened. Accompanying material safety data sheets
must be kept.
Chemical Storage- Requirements

24. 24
Chemical Storage
Plan ahead for spills, accidents or
emergencies.
Be aware of special storage conditions such
as temperature, relative humidity or limited
shelf life.
Segregate chemicals by hazard class or
compatibility.

25. If available, use ventilated cabinets for
volatile toxics and odoriferous chemicals.
Use approved flammable storage cabinets
for flammable liquids.
Use secondary containers or trays for
corrosives and toxic solvents.
Chemical Storage

26. When refrigerating flammables, only use refrigerators
specifically designed for flammable materials.
Do not store food in chemical storage refrigerators.
Label chemical storage refrigerators with the following:
No Food – Chemical Storage Only
Chemical Storage

27. Avoid storing liquid chemicals above eye level.
Avoid storing chemicals in aisle ways.
Avoid over stocking shelves.
Avoid storing heavy containers above shoulder level.
Avoid storing chemicals in fume hoods or on counter
tops.
Avoid storing chemicals near sources of heat or in
direct sunshine.
Chemical Storage

28. How to Handle
Chemicals Properly
 Use cautions
 Always follow procedures
 Read all labels
 Keep yourself and the work area clean
 Plan ahead

29. CHEMICAL HANDLING
 All chemicals are, to some degree,
poisonous to the human body. Users
must read & understand instructions on
labels, MSDS any information provided
with the chemical.

30.  All users shall be trained in used and
application of MSDS; knowledge of
properties, reactivity and compatibility
of chemicals constituents; proper
design and use of apparatus,
engineering controls and correct PPE.
CHEMICAL HANDLING …

31. All chemicals should be dated upon receipt
and again upon opening. A First-In First
Out (FIFO) inventory system should be
adopted to control excess accumulation of
chemicals.
CHEMICAL HANDLING …

32. All chemicals should be stored in
closed containers compatible with the
chemical inside.
 Chemical access and transportation
should be limited to authorized
personnel.
CHEMICAL HANDLING …

33. Bottles, when carried, should always be
supported on the bottom and never carried by
the neck.
 A strong step stool or ladder should be
used when obtaining chemicals from upper
shelves that are out of reach.
 Use hazardous chemicals only as directed
and for the intended purpose.
CHEMICAL HANDLING …

34. 34
If chemicals are transferred to a second container,
make
sure the new container is labeled with the chemical
name.
Use secondary containers, with handles, made of
rubber, plastic or metal.
Secondary containers should be large enough to
contain all of the chemical contents.
Transporting Chemicals

35. 35
Make sure the pathway is clear of obstructions and tripping
hazards.
Plan ahead for spills.
Transport only the quantity needed to complete the
experiment.
Use sturdy carts when transporting heavy containers or
transporting over long distances.
Transporting Chemicals

37. MSDS
 A summary of the important health,
safety and toxicological information on the
chemical or the mixture ingredients.
 The time to become familiar with a
material’s MSDS is before you begin using
the material.
 Once a material is brought into the
workplace, everyone who uses it should
review the MSDS.

38. What information is required
on MSDS?
1. Chemical Identity
- The Identity of the substance
as it appears on the label.
2. Manufacturer’s Name and Contact
Information
- Manufacturer’s name, address,
telephone no. and emergency tel. no.
Date the MSDS was prepared & an
optional signature of the one who
prepare.

39. What information is required
on MSDS?
3. Hazardous Ingredients/ Identity Information/
Compatibilities and incompatibilities.
- List the hazardous components by chemical identity
and other common names.
- List of the chemicals compatible and incompatible
to the chemical.
4. Physical/ Chemical Properties
- Boiling point, vapor pressure, vapor density, specific
gravity, melting, evaporation, rate, solubility in water,
physical appearance and odor.

40. What information is required
on MSDS?
5. How workers can be exposed to the
hazard.
- Is it absorbed through the skin, is
it inhaled, does it have to be ingested
(drinking, eating)?
6. What are the health hazard?
- The MSDS will indicate some of
the early warning signs of exposure
symptoms like the headache, nausea,
dizziness, rashes.

41. What information is required
on MSDS?
7. Fire and Explosion Hazard Data
- Flash point, flammability limits,
extinguishing media, special fire fighting
procedures, unusual fire and explosion hazards.
8. Precaution for Safe Handling & Use
- respiratory protection, protective gloves,
eye protection & other protective clothing or
equipment, work practices.
9. Control Measures
- what to do in case of human contact and
emergencies.

42. Where should we find MSDS?
 Warehouse
 Clinic
 Chemical Mixing Area
 Other workplace where
hazardous materials is stored

43. ACCIDENT

44. Routes of Exposure
 Inhalation
 Ingestion
 Absorption
 Injection
For any type of injury/ illness caused
by chemical exposure, always bring
patient to the clinic for treatment and
refer to the MSDS.

45. Symptoms of
Possible Overexposure
 Eye discomfort
 Breathing difficulty
 Dizziness
 Headache
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Skin irritation

46. Handling Chemical
Emergencies
 Know emergency phone numbers
 Know how to control the spill
 Know proper equipment shutdown
procedure
 Know proper evacuation routes
and assembly areas

47. What Emergency
Personnel Should Know
 Emergency cleanup and disposal
measures
 Required protective equipment
 Use of cleanup equipment
 Firefighting and other emergency
measures (i.e., first aid)
 Use of other emergency equipment

48. First Aid for
Chemicals in the Eyes
 Don’t rub the eyes
 Hold eyelids open and flush with water
for
15 minutes
 Be careful not to contaminate the other
eye
 Seek additional medical attention

49. First Aid for
Chemicals on the Skin
 Flush area with lukewarm water for
15 minutes
 Remove clothing and jewelry from
burn area
 Seek additional medical attention

50. First Aid for
Chemical Inhalation
 Move victim
to fresh air
 Get immediate
help

51. First Aid for
Chemical Ingestion
 Induce vomiting only if told to do so by
Poison Control
 Get immediate medical attention

52. Emergency Response to a
Chemical Spill
Simple Spill – less than 1 pint of a liquid or 1 pound
of solid material. Involving non-acutely toxic
substances and that maybe cleaned up by the
personnel working in the area (trained and
provided with PPE.
Type of Spillage:
Complicated Spill – with injured person; identity of
the chemical is not known; multiple chemicals are
involve; the chemical is highly toxic, flammable or
reactive; when it occurs in “public space” such as
corridors.

53. Emergency Response to a
Chemical Spill…
Procedure:
1. Wear protective clothing when cleaning up spill.
Spill of acids and bases can be neutralized by
the neutralizing agent in the spill control kit.
Spills of volatile organic solvent should be
covered w/ an adsorbent immediately to
prevent fumes from igniting.
2. Call Security Guard for assistance. Tell operator
of the following: caller name, location, contact
number, spilled chemical, injuries, report fire/
explosion.

54. 3. Spills should be recovered and placed in an
appropriate container with the following information:
- Materials spilled
- Date and time of the spill
- Persons or persons who cleaned up the spill
4. Endorse the contained chemical to the Pollution
Control Officer/ Safety Officer for proper disposal.
5. Prepare incident report.
Emergency Response to a
Chemical Spill…

55. QUESTIONS

57. Safety Group