Development and poverty reduction
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This document discusses development and poverty reduction. It notes that development aims to improve people's lives through social, cultural, and economic conditions. The United Nations and Asian Development Bank have emphasized sustainable economic growth, good governance, and protecting vulnerable groups. World poverty has declined according to World Bank data, with targets to reduce the percentage of people in poverty to 9% by 2020 and 3% by 2030. The core focus areas for poverty reduction discussed are responding to economic crises, inclusive development, achieving Millennium Development Goals, democratic governance, crisis prevention and recovery, and environment and sustainable development.
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- Urban poverty in Hyderabad is estimated at 23% of the total population, with around 2 million people living in slums across the city.
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The studies on poverty and academic research, the “urban” has not yet been a significant part of it. Rapid rates of urbanization in Bangladesh is giving rise to increasing living in urban poor settlements. The livelihoods and challenges of these urban populations are unique and diverse. Nonetheless these poor urban settlements remain often invisible and their needs unserved. Thus the impact of unbridled urbanization deepens the scale and severity of urban poverty. In Bangladesh, urban poverty is found to be neglected in reducing poverty discourses such as research, policy and action. Urban poverty reduction will be subsequently important to the ability to meet national goals for poverty reduction that means policy and action must pay more attention to the urban poor.
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Urban poverty is usually defined in two ways:
i. as an absolute standard based on a minimum amount of income needed to sustain a healthy and minimally comfortable life, and
ii. as a relative standard that is set based on average the standard of living in a nation.
Narratives of urban poverty in Bangladesh describe its characteristics, painting destructive pictures that prolong negative public and official perceptions of urban poverty and prevent greater action and commitment to the urban poor. They present images of squalid living conditions in dirty and unhygienic ‘slums’, where residents are exposed to high under- and unemployment and many are engaged in social disorders, such as crime, violence, drug addiction etc.
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- Rural poverty accounts for about 75% of poverty in India, with the poorest areas located in parts of several states. Causes of rural poverty include rapid population growth, lack of capital, illiteracy, large family sizes, and lack of employment opportunities other than agriculture.
- Urban poverty is also a significant issue, with over 80 million poor people living in cities and towns. The bulk of urban poor live in deprived conditions with insufficient amenities. Causes of urban poverty include slow job growth, migration from rural areas, voicelessness and powerlessness, and lack of housing facilities.
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This document discusses various indicators used to measure economic development. It describes two main categories of indicators - income-based and quality-based. Among the most important indicators are per capita income, the Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI), and the Human Development Index (HDI). The PQLI uses measures of life expectancy, infant mortality, and literacy to evaluate quality of life. The HDI takes a broader approach by considering factors like health, education, and standard of living. While useful, all indicators have limitations. The HDI is now widely used internationally to provide a more comprehensive view of development.
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- Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal and Bihar account for 40% of India's rural poor.
- Urban poverty in Hyderabad is estimated at 23% of the total population, with around 2 million people living in slums across the city.
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2. What is poverty?
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NGOs play an important role in development by providing goods and services, assisting governments to achieve development goals, and helping citizens voice their needs and concerns. They operate at the local, national, and international levels across a variety of sectors such as health, education, environment, and economic development. While NGOs have advantages like flexibility and local knowledge, they also face limitations such as limited funding and capacity. Overall, NGOs are major players in achieving development goals and promoting global partnership.
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Poverty in India has declined significantly from 2004-2005 to 2009-2010, with the poverty rate falling from 37.2% to 29.8%. This reduction is attributed to increased government spending on rural welfare programs that provided money directly to people. Rural poverty declined faster than urban poverty during this period. However, India still has one of the largest poor populations in the world, with over 260 million people living below the poverty line, the majority residing in rural areas where agriculture is the main occupation. Efforts to further reduce poverty focus on increasing economic growth, agricultural production, infrastructure development, education, and social programs.
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Urban poverty in bangladesh
The studies on poverty and academic research, the “urban” has not yet been a significant part of it. Rapid rates of urbanization in Bangladesh is giving rise to increasing living in urban poor settlements. The livelihoods and challenges of these urban populations are unique and diverse. Nonetheless these poor urban settlements remain often invisible and their needs unserved. Thus the impact of unbridled urbanization deepens the scale and severity of urban poverty. In Bangladesh, urban poverty is found to be neglected in reducing poverty discourses such as research, policy and action. Urban poverty reduction will be subsequently important to the ability to meet national goals for poverty reduction that means policy and action must pay more attention to the urban poor.
Urban poverty:
Urban poverty is usually defined in two ways:
i. as an absolute standard based on a minimum amount of income needed to sustain a healthy and minimally comfortable life, and
ii. as a relative standard that is set based on average the standard of living in a nation.
Narratives of urban poverty in Bangladesh describe its characteristics, painting destructive pictures that prolong negative public and official perceptions of urban poverty and prevent greater action and commitment to the urban poor. They present images of squalid living conditions in dirty and unhygienic ‘slums’, where residents are exposed to high under- and unemployment and many are engaged in social disorders, such as crime, violence, drug addiction etc.
Basic needs approach
The Basic Needs Approach is a development theory that attempts to define the minimum resources necessary to meet peoples' basic human needs, such as adequate food, shelter, clothing, water, and access to education and healthcare. It was introduced by the International Labour Organization in 1976 and aims to use development programs and policies to help societies consume enough to rise above the poverty line. However, it has been criticized for not investing in economically productive activities that could help societies become self-sufficient in the long run.
Poverty in World & India
Poverty is a complex problem in India with many interconnected causes. It is defined as the lack of basic human needs like food, shelter, healthcare, and education. Around 26% of India's population lives below the poverty line. Poverty disproportionately impacts agricultural laborers, lower castes, and women. While economic growth has reduced poverty, wealth is unevenly distributed and poverty remains a challenge, particularly in rural areas. The government runs various programs to alleviate poverty and improve health, education, employment, and food security. Overall, poverty is expected to continue declining as India's economy grows and more people join the expanding middle class.
Poverty in india
This document provides an overview of poverty in India, including:
- Rural poverty accounts for about 75% of poverty in India, with the poorest areas located in parts of several states. Causes of rural poverty include rapid population growth, lack of capital, illiteracy, large family sizes, and lack of employment opportunities other than agriculture.
- Urban poverty is also a significant issue, with over 80 million poor people living in cities and towns. The bulk of urban poor live in deprived conditions with insufficient amenities. Causes of urban poverty include slow job growth, migration from rural areas, voicelessness and powerlessness, and lack of housing facilities.
- The government has implemented various initiatives aimed at employment,
Rural development
Dr. Katundu is a lecturer at the Moshi Co-operative University (MoCU). He works under the Department of Community and Rural Development specializing in the area of rural development. He holds a PhD and Master of Arts in Rural development from the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro Tanzania and a Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in Geography and Environmental Studies from the University of Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania. His research interests include: Agriculture and rural development, rural land reform, rural livelihoods and cooperatives, community driven development, environment and natural resource management, entrepreneurship development, impact evaluation. His PhD thesis is titled: Entrepreneurship Education and Business Start Up: Assessing Entrepreneurial Tendencies among University Graduates in Tanzania whereas; Master dissertation is titled: Evaluation of the Association of Tanzania Tobacco Traders’ Reforestation Programme: The Case of Urambo District.
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The document summarizes the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which were established in 2015 and aim to be achieved by 2030. It provides details on each of the 17 SDGs, including their targets, the current status, and examples of initiatives in India addressing the goals. The SDGs cover issues like poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, sanitation, economic growth, climate change, and more. The document also notes that India's composite score on the SDG India Index improved from 57 in 2018 to 60 in 2019, with success in areas like water and sanitation and industry/innovation, but ongoing problems with nutrition and gender equality.
Presentation on Urban Work and Scoping CSR
ChristianAid Bangladesh works to promote urban development and empower vulnerable communities. It focuses on urban slums, where 40% of Dhaka's population lives. Dhaka is one of the fastest growing cities but also faces high poverty, poor infrastructure, and environmental challenges from climate change. ChristianAid aims to strengthen livelihoods, advocacy, and social protection for marginalized groups like Dalits, who suffer discrimination. The presented project seeks to document Dalits' socioeconomic conditions, enhance their rights awareness and participation, and establish community organizations to meet their needs and defend human rights. Collaboration with government, civil society, and corporations through CSR programs could help address structural inequities facing urban poor communities in Bangladesh.
Dnote xpress,issue11,feb-2015
The document summarizes India's progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals between 1990-2015. It reports that India has made significant progress in reducing poverty, achieving universal primary education, reducing child and maternal mortality, and combating diseases like HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases. However, it also notes that India is unlikely to fully achieve all the MDG targets, especially those related to reducing maternal mortality rates and increasing access to sanitation. The document provides India's report card on each of the eight MDG goals.
Evolving Financial Systems to Reach the SDGs
The document discusses evolving financial systems to support achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. It notes that annual investments of hundreds of billions will be needed across sectors like power, transport, and telecom. It reviews lessons from implementing the Millennium Development Goals and outlines the holistic nature of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The World Bank aims to play a key role by focusing on human capital, sustainable and inclusive growth, and resilience. Alternative sources of financing like Islamic finance and social impact investing will be important alongside public funds like IDA. Mobilizing private capital through de-risking and public-private partnerships will also be essential to meeting the investment needs.
Sri Lanka -concept Note - UN World Youth Conference
The document discusses plans for a 2014 UN World Youth Conference in Sri Lanka to strengthen the role of youth in development and decision-making regarding the post-2015 development agenda. It proposes a three-phase process: 1) 2012-2013 youth-centered preparatory processes to contribute to shaping the post-2015 goals; 2) the 2014 World Youth Conference to reflect on experiences and strengthen youth partnership; and 3) a post-2015 youth-centered follow-up process to support youth as partners in implementing new development goals. Sri Lanka commits to organizing and funding the conference and preparatory/follow-up processes, and invites UN member states and organizations to partner in making the conference a meaningful youth-centered experience.
Social problem of bangladesh
Social problem is an unexpected situation which hinders to lead normal life in a society. Social problem is a multidimensional problem. Social problem are created by various reasons.
Bangladesh is attacked by various social problems.
Sustainable development
This document discusses the concept of sustainable development. It provides definitions of key terms like sustainability, sustainable development, and the dimensions of sustainable development, which include economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection. It also summarizes the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which were adopted in 2015 and include goals around ending poverty, hunger, improving health and education, achieving gender equality, clean water and sanitation, affordable energy, economic growth, infrastructure, inequality, sustainable cities, responsible consumption, climate action, and protecting oceans and marine resources.
Is micro financing act as anti poverty agent in k.p.k rural a...
This document summarizes a research paper on assessing the impact of microfinancing on socioeconomic conditions in rural areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It begins with an abstract noting the study examines microfinancing's impact through a sample of 120 respondents from rural areas. The introduction provides background on Pakistan's population statistics and poverty levels. The objectives are to analyze microfinance institutions' impact, identify difficulties in rural microfinancing, and suggest strategies to improve microfinance effectiveness. Limitations include a small sample size and difficulties conducting interviews with illiterate populations in remote villages.
Csocd56 statement
presented by Himani priya at UN Head quarter New York and attended by Dr. Sushma Singh and Raj Pal Singh
Interface
BRAC celebrates its 40th anniversary in 2012 as one of the largest development organizations in the world. Starting as a small relief project in Bangladesh in 1972, BRAC has grown to provide assistance to 138 million people across 10 countries in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean. BRAC pioneered approaches to tackling different aspects of poverty and has established a successful model of using grassroots innovations to create large-scale impact. The document discusses BRAC's continued work to realize its vision of a world without exploitation by empowering individuals, including the poorest, to reach their potential.
Sdgs and Mdgs
The document provides information on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It discusses the 8 goals of the MDGs from 2000-2015 related to poverty, education, gender equality, health, and environmental sustainability. It then outlines the 17 goals of the SDGs adopted in 2015 to build on the MDGs and address social, economic, and environmental issues globally in a more comprehensive manner through 2030. Key differences between the MDGs and SDGs include their scope, focus areas, targets, indicators, financing, and emphasis on quality of life and sustainability.
Urban Good Governance in Edo State -a social media presentation
An academic presentation on urban good governance in developing countries using Edo State Nigeria as a case study.
This presentation emphases the tenet and concept, the complex challenges and root cause plus the promise and fulfilled promise by a responsive government like Edo State.
Microcredit Presentationshow
Microcredit programs in Bangladesh help reduce poverty by providing small loans to poor individuals for self-employment projects. Two prominent microcredit organizations discussed are Grameen Bank and BRAC, which lend primarily to women in rural Bangladesh. Grameen Bank pioneered the group lending model and its borrowers own most of the bank. Both organizations have had success in helping people rise out of poverty and improve their standards of living.
A Conceptual Relationship between Microfinance and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria
A Conceptual Relationship between Microfinance and Poverty Reduction in NigeriaInternational Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM)
Despite the attainment of the famous Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of reducing the number
of poor people across the globe a significant number still live below the poverty line. The problem of poverty is
more endemic in developing countries like Nigeria. Several intervention efforts have been in place to address
the poverty question which persists partly due to serious financial exclusion and unethical activities of informal
finance providers. Relationship between poverty and economic devlopment.pptx
This document discusses the relationship between poverty and economic development in India. It defines poverty as lacking the means to satisfy basic needs. While poverty is declining in India, with extreme poverty reducing from 22.5% in 2011 to 10.2% in 2019, India still has the largest number of poor people worldwide at 228.9 million. Economic development aims to improve economic well-being and quality of life through market productivity and welfare. There is a clear connection between economic growth and reduced poverty, as growth creates more jobs and raises incomes. Examples of Singapore and Rwanda show how reducing poverty and boosting growth go hand-in-hand.
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this presentation is about beggary in pakistan and its consequences and rehabilitation for beggars in country
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This document discusses youth participation for community development. It outlines that youth participation actively involves young people in decision-making on issues that affect them, and is related to ideas of citizenship, personal development, and involvement in society. The United Nations Development Programme's youth strategy for Pakistan aims to economically empower youth, engage them in public life and political processes, and have them act as positive agents of change in their communities during times of conflict and disaster through volunteerism. The document also discusses the role of youth in areas like education, politics, the economy, and society. It provides examples of prominent Pakistani youth icons and concludes with discussing problems Pakistani youth face.
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Development and poverty reduction
- 1. DEVELOPMENT & POVERTY REDUCTION BY:- AliRaza Roll Number:- 2K17/SW/12 Department of Social Work, University of Sindh Jamshoro
- 2. Introduction Development and Poverty reduction Based on the idea of improving peoples’ lives. (RIST 2002, SACHS 2009 & ESCOBAR 2011) In 2013, first step was taken by UNDP to modify the social, cultural and economic conditions that created poverty in the first place. The Asian Development Bank emphasized sustainable economic growth and sound that economic management with good governance. It requires human capital, social capital and most important status of women and protection of people who suffer from disabilities, disasters or conflict.
- 3. World Poverty Decline Source: Poverty for All, World Bank 2014
- 4. Targets for Poverty Reduction To 9 % of world population by 2020 To 3% of World Population by 2030 Hard, but achievable
- 5. Core Focus Areas Poverty & MDGs • Response to economic crises • Inclusive globalization & trade • Inclusive development • MDG support Democratic Governance • Civic engagement • Electoral processes • E-governance • National, regional, local government support • Legislature strengthening • Judicial systems • Human rights • Gender equality • Anti-corruption Crisis Prevention & Recovery • Disaster risk reduction and recovery • Early recovery • Gender equality • Policy & program support Environment & Sustainable Development • Mainstreaming environment & energy • Promoting adaptation to climate change • Mobilizing environmental finance • Expanding access to environmental & energy services for the poor