Uploaded byMatshidiso Mokoena-Mokhothu
Developing and applying design skills grade 7
This document discusses pneumatic and hydraulic systems. It provides definitions for pneumatic and hydraulic systems, noting that pneumatic systems use compressed air while hydraulic systems use liquids. The document then discusses examples of pneumatic and hydraulic tools and mechanisms. It goes on to discuss the design process for building a simple pneumatic or hydraulic machine to help a teacher move objects with an injured arm. This includes developing a design brief, specifications, constraints, initial sketches, selecting materials, and creating a trial model.
More Related Content
Similar to Developing and applying design skills grade 7
Developing and applying design skills grade 7
- 2. “ ” DESIGN PROCESS- INVESTIGATION SKILLS THEME-MECHANICALSYSTEMS GRADE 7-TERM 1
- 3. PNEUMATICS AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS •WHAT IS A PNEUMATIC SYSTEM? • WHAT IS A HYDRAULIC SYSTEM? What is a PNEUMATIC system? A collection of interconnected components that use compressed air to do work. What is a HYDRAULIC system? A system where an uncompressible fluid is used to do work
- 4. PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS DIFFERENCES BETWEENHYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS Pneumatics vs Hydraulics A comparison of the two systems PNEUMATICS HYDRAULICS -Uses gas as Use liquids as their fluid their fluid -Are compressible Are not compressible -Are mostly open Always a closed systems system
- 5. PNEUMATICS AND HYDRAULICS SYSTEMS PNEUMATIC HYDRAULIC Bicycle/Ballpump Bulldozers Tire pressure gauge Shovels Some nail guns Loaders Vacuum cleaners Forklifts Some car shocks Cranes PICTURES OF PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
- 6. LEARNERS INVESTIGATE SIMPLE MECHANISMS LEARNERSMAKE SENSE OF SYRINGES AND CONNECTING TUBES • WHAT IS A SYRINGE • HOW DOES IT OPERATE • WHICH SIZES OF SYRINGES DO WE HAVE?
- 7. INVESTIGATION- SKILLS LEARNERS INVESTIGATE FORCETRANSFER IN A SYRINGE FILLED WITH FLUID
- 8. INVESTIGATION- SKILLS LEARNERS INVESTIGATE FORCETRANSFER IN A SYRINGES FILLED WITH AIR
- 9. INVESTIGATION-A PNEUMATIC SYSTEM LEARNERS INVESTIGATEPRACTICALLY FORCE TRANSFER BETWEEN TWO EQUAL SYRINGES FILLED WITH AIR
- 10. INVESTIGATION-RESULTS LEARNERS INVESTIGATE PRACTICALLYFORCE TRANSFER BETWEEN TWO EQUAL SYRINGES FILLED WITH AIR
- 11. INVESTIGATION-A PNEUMATIC SYSTEM LEARNERS INVESTIGATEPRACTICALLY FORCE TRANSFER BETWEEN TWO UNEQUAL SYRINGES FILLED WITH AIR
- 12. INVESTIGATION- RESULTS LEARNERS INVESTIGATEPRACTICALLY FORCE TRANSFER BETWEEN TWO UNEQUAL SYRINGES FILLED WITH AIR
- 13.
- 14. DESIGN SKILLS •THE DESIGNBRIEF •SPECIFICATIONS •CONSTRAINTS •INITIAL IDEA SKETCHES •CHOOSING THE BEST DESIGN •SELECTING MATERIALS •SYSTEMS DIAGRAM •TRIAL MODEL •BUDGET
- 15. DESIGN Problem-Your teacherhas injured his arm and he needs a simple pneumatic or hydraulic machine that will assist him to move objects in class. WHAT IS A DESIGN BRIEF? A DESIGN BRIEF IS a Short and Clear statement that Explains the problem and how to solve it. DESIGN BRIEF QUESTIONS • What must I make? • What is it used for? • Which materials are needed? • Which tools will I need? DESIGN BRIEF We should design and make a simple pneumatic or hydraulic machine that will be used to move objects in class.
- 16. DESIGN Problem-Your teacherhas injured his arm and he needs a simple pneumatic or hydraulic machine that will assist him to move objects in class. WHAT ARE SPECIFICATIONS? SPECIFICATIONS are the requirements that the solution or product must meet. SPECIFICATIONS INCLUDE: • Safety • Materials • Function • Impact of human rights • Effect on the environment SPECIFICATIONS • It needs to be safe to use • It needs to use gas or liquid • The mechanism need to be able to move objects • It need not interfere with human rights • It need not impact negatively on the environment
- 17. DESIGN Problem-Your teacherhas injured his arm and he needs a simple pneumatic or hydraulic machine that will assist him to move objects in class. WHAT ARE CONSTRAINTS? Constraints are the things that can limit the work or solution CONSTRAINTS INCLUDE • Time • Tools • Materials • Human resources • Costs CONSTRAINTS • Time to make the machine is too little. • Tools to make the machine not available • Shortage of materials • Shortage of human resources • Do not have enough money
- 18. INITIAL IDEA SKETCHES FIRSTINITIAL IDEA SKETCH SECOND INITIAL IDEA SKETCH
- 19. BEST IDEA MATERIALS •TWO SYRINGES (SAME SIZE) • PINS • CEREAL BOX • CONNECTING TUBE • WATER • SUCKER STICKS • SCISSORS
- 20. Develop and apply designskills • Wood • Syringes • Water • Plastic tube • Screws
- 21. Develop and applydesign skills • Cereal box • Syringes • Water • Plastic tube • Pins
- 22. SYSTEMS DIAGRAM OR FLOWCHART Solution Design brief Specifications Constraints Initial idea sketches Best idea and materials Trial Model To plan different processes that will be carried out in order to do an activity.