Determining the Bruges origin of some sculptures in the Gruuthusecollection: a possible Approach
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The Archeological Society of Bruges began collecting sculptures in 1865 to preserve artifacts from the medieval past. Their collection records sometimes provide limited provenance information like the name of a religious order or guild that can provide clues to an object's origin. Determining the origin of sculptures is challenging when no provenance is recorded or when historical sources have been destroyed by events like iconoclasm or wars. Researching related works and published books can also help establish if a sculpture originated from Bruges.
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Celtic mythology originated from the religious beliefs and practices of the Celtic people who inhabited Europe. There was no single pantheon of gods and goddesses across Celtic tribes. Individual tribes worshipped their own local deities and nature spirits. Two major traditions discussed are Gaulish and Irish mythology. Gaulish myths were influenced by Roman religion, while Irish myths were primarily preserved in oral traditions and manuscript cycles. The Druids held a central role as priests and oral transmitters of Celtic myths. Several ancient Celtic festivals like Samhain, Imbolc, Beltane and Lughnasadh evolved into modern celebrations.
Celtic knots and copper repousse
Celtic knots originated in Celtic artwork after 450 AD. They are complex, interwoven patterns without beginning or end that are found in manuscripts like the Book of Kells and modern jewelry, tattoos, and decorations. While their exact meaning is unknown, some theories are that they symbolize eternity or were created because the Celts were prohibited from other images. The Book of Kells, created around 800 AD, contains some of the finest examples of illuminated Celtic knotwork and survived centuries in a bog despite Viking raids.
Discovering the Riches of History: A Tour of the Israel Museum
Embark on a journey through time at the Israel Museum, a treasure trove that encapsulates over 5000 years of human culture, art, and history. From colossal statues of ancient civilizations in the Archaeological Wing to modern masterpieces in the Fine Arts Wing, the museum offers a profound glimpse into the past. Read More….
HUM 105 - Sacred Places and Objects
The document discusses sacred places and objects in mythology. It defines sacred places as locations that are significant in myths, representing national identity or sites of supernatural events. Nine categories of sacred places are outlined by Andrew Gulliford. Vine Deloria also categorizes myths of sacred places based on levels of human or divine agency. Sacred objects are items traced to or present in sacred places, and often symbolize aspects of mythological beings. Examples of sacred symbols across religions are provided, as are common symbolic sacred objects found across cultures.
Is Christmas True
The document discusses the origins and history of Christmas traditions. It notes that while millions of Christians celebrate Christmas on December 25th, believing Jesus was born on this date, the Bible does not specify a date. December 25th was likely chosen to coincide with pagan winter solstice festivals. The document raises questions around the contradictory biblical accounts of Jesus's birth and whether he was actually born in winter months when shepherds would not be in the fields. It concludes Christmas traditions have their roots in pagan, not Christian, celebrations of the winter solstice.
Relics, reliquaries, oddities, cabinet of curiosities items | RELICS.pdf
Sale of antiques relics, reliquaries and oddities, the widest selection seem more of cabinet of curiosities items
byzantine empire
The Byzantine Empire had its capital in Constantinople and lasted from 330 AD to 1453 AD. It reached its peak in the 6th century under Justinian I. Byzantine art and architecture were heavily influenced by Christianity and featured grand churches like Hagia Sophia with massive domes, intricate mosaics, and icons. The Byzantine Empire declined as the Ottoman Empire rose and eventually conquered Constantinople in 1453, marking the end of the Byzantine era.
Osher history-ireland-scotland-wales-2
This document summarizes the spread of Christianity to Wales, Ireland, and Scotland from the Roman era through the medieval period. It discusses the pre-Christian religious beliefs of these regions, including druidism and polytheism. It then outlines the Roman influence on Britain/Wales and the missions of various saints in the 5th-7th centuries who helped establish monasteries and churches. These included St. Patrick in Ireland and St. Columba in Scotland and Ireland. The document also examines early Christian art like the Book of Kells and Lindisfarne Gospels that blended Irish, Pictish, and Anglo-Saxon styles. In later centuries, reforms established more centralized church authority in Ireland and Scotland.
Cemeteries Month March 2022
This document provides information about cemetery resources available through the New Zealand Society of Genealogists (NZSG) to help find family burial sites. It lists online resources in the Kiwi Collection, books, CD-ROMs, and microfiche available. It also highlights several books in the NZSG library about cemeteries in New Zealand, Australia, India, and England that provide burial records, histories, and stories that may help in family history research. Cemetery resources are available for members to borrow or access through research services.
Santa Claus
Santa Claus originated from Christian traditions surrounding Saint Nicholas, a 4th century Greek bishop known for gift-giving. Over time, the legend of Santa merged with figures like Father Christmas from England and Sinterklaas from the Netherlands. Santa is now commonly depicted as a portly, joyous man in red with white fur trimmings who brings gifts on Christmas Eve. He lives at the North Pole making toys with elves and travels with reindeer to deliver presents worldwide in a single night. The modern image of Santa was largely popularized in the 19th century through poems, stories, and illustrations.
Pre-Modern European Migrations the Celts Part 6 - By Dr. Lizabeth Johnson
This document provides information on several Celtic deities and figures from European history:
- Cernunnos was a horned god associated with forest animals who was depicted in art from several ancient cultures.
- Sulis was a Gaulish goddess of healing waters linked to the Roman goddess Minerva, worshipped at the site of present-day Bath, England.
- Brigindo was a goddess of fertility possibly related to the Brigantes tribe and later Christianized as St. Brigit.
- Celtic society had professional classes including druids, poets, and lawyers, and higher status for women shown by prominent goddesses and ruling queens. Written Celtic sources provide accounts of their migrations and early histories.
Medieval slide show updated 4 may
This document provides information about studying medieval history through primary and secondary sources. It defines primary sources as things created during the time period being studied, such as artifacts, documents, and artworks, which provide first-hand accounts. Secondary sources are defined as materials created after the time period, such as textbooks, movies, and essays. The document emphasizes that primary sources are important because they allow historians to make their own judgments, while secondary sources provide context and interpretation. It also discusses evaluating the authenticity and reliability of primary sources and the need to corroborate information across multiple sources when studying history.
Medieval slide show updated
This document provides information about studying medieval history through primary and secondary sources. It defines primary sources as things created during the time period being studied, such as artifacts, documents, and artworks, which provide first-hand accounts. Secondary sources are defined as materials created after the time period, such as textbooks, movies, and essays. The document emphasizes that primary sources are important because they allow historians to make their own judgments, while secondary sources provide context and interpretation. It also discusses evaluating the authenticity and reliability of primary sources and the importance of corroborating information across multiple sources when studying history.
Medieval slide show updated
This document provides information about studying medieval history through primary and secondary sources. It defines primary sources as things created during the time period being studied, such as artifacts, documents, and artworks, which provide first-hand accounts. Secondary sources are defined as materials created after the time period, such as textbooks, movies, and essays. The document emphasizes that primary sources are important because they allow historians to make their own judgments, while secondary sources provide context and interpretation. It also discusses evaluating the authenticity and reliability of primary sources and the need to corroborate information across multiple sources when studying history.
Halloween
Halloween originated over 2000 years ago among Celtic populations in Ireland, England, and France who celebrated Samhain at the end of harvest season. They believed spirits of the dead returned to Earth and people wore costumes to avoid being recognized as spirits. The Christian church influenced Halloween traditions by establishing All Saints' Day on November 1st, and people began participating in trick-or-treating, going door-to-door for food and money. Halloween traditions spread to America in the 1800s through Irish immigrants and incorporated the use of pumpkins instead of turnips for jack-o-lanterns.
Similar to Determining the Bruges origin of some sculptures in the Gruuthusecollection: a possible Approach (20)
Christianity and Identity in Ireland 1: Early Christian Ireland
Christianity and Identity in Ireland 1: Early Christian Ireland
Discovering the Riches of History: A Tour of the Israel Museum
Discovering the Riches of History: A Tour of the Israel Museum
Relics, reliquaries, oddities, cabinet of curiosities items | RELICS.pdf
Relics, reliquaries, oddities, cabinet of curiosities items | RELICS.pdf
Pre-Modern European Migrations the Celts Part 6 - By Dr. Lizabeth Johnson
Pre-Modern European Migrations the Celts Part 6 - By Dr. Lizabeth Johnson
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Lecture 10 | dra. Elizabeth Rice Mattison, University of Toronto The Heavenly...
This document discusses reliquary statuettes from the former Diocese of Liège between the 15th-16th centuries. It provides photos and descriptions of numerous small reliquary sculptures housed in religious and museum collections across Europe. The statuettes typically depicted saints and were used to display relics, representing a miniature version of pilgrimage sites and helping spread devotion to saints outside of shrines.
Lecture 5 | dr. Andrew Murray, Associate Lecturer, The Open University UK Pro...
The document discusses processional and memorial rituals associated with the tomb of Philip the Bold in Dijon, France. It provides details on the tomb's construction and layout, including descriptions of the sculptures adorning it. Plans and drawings of the tomb and surrounding church complex are presented and analyzed. Specific figures from the tomb are highlighted and compared across different artistic representations. Ritual practices of mourners at the tomb are also examined.
Lecture 7 | drs. Bart van Eekelen, Utrecht University Iconography and materi...
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Keynote | dr. Jessica Barker, Lecturer in Medieval Art, The Courtauld Institu...
The document summarizes the key topics of an upcoming colloquium on tomb sculpture and concealment. It includes several quotes from historical texts highlighting the concept of concealing what is decayed or foul inside elaborate tombs and monuments, while presenting a beautiful exterior. Examples are given of ordinances for cleaning and maintaining tombs, as well as covering them at certain times, reflecting the theme of intended concealment versus display.
Lecture 4 | Raf Verstegen, Emeritus professor KU Leuven Made for liturgy and ...
The document discusses sculptures and groups depicting Christ in the tomb that were popular in the Low Countries around 1500. It notes that such sculptures served two main purposes: as permanent objects of veneration and as part of Good Friday liturgy, including processions carrying an image of Christ to the tomb. It highlights an exceptional Entombment group sculpture from Louvain that appears to have been specifically designed for active use in liturgical enactments of the Entombment on Good Friday.
Lecture 2 | dra. Soetkin Vanhauwaert, KU Leuven and Assistant curator Art Col...
This document discusses sculpted heads of St. John the Baptist found in devotional contexts. Such heads served cult and devotional purposes, though their original contexts are unknown. They were sometimes housed with relics of St. John and used in pilgrimages where the faithful would kiss the head. Over time, heads were replaced or lost. The interchangeability of heads suggests their devotional value was more important than their material authenticity. The document examines several examples of sculpted St. John heads from churches and reliquaries in Belgium and Germany dating from the 13th to 19th centuries.
Lecture 1 | dr. Gerald Volker Grimm, art historian and archaeologist Bonn Uni...
This document summarizes Dr. Gerald Volker Grimm's research on the form, use, and functions of molded sculptures in the late Middle Ages. It provides examples of molds from various locations like Worms, Aken, Frankfurt, and Cologne that were used to mass produce sculptures. It also shows how the same molds were used across different workshops and locations, and over time, to create variations of sculptures like Madonna types from Utrecht and Liege. The document concludes by thanking various colleagues who assisted with Dr. Grimm's research.
Ards utrecht programme and yearly overview debaene_marjan_def
This document provides information about a conference on medieval sculpture held on November 15-16, 2018 at the Museum Catharijneconvent in Utrecht, Netherlands. The conference included lectures on the use, function, and relation to form and color of medieval sculpture. It also included guided tours of the museum's collection and the city of Utrecht. The program details the schedule of lectures, tours, and other events over the two-day conference.
8 Marthje Sagewitz Auguste Rodin: Admirateur et collectionneur passionné de l...
Dra. Marthje Sagewitz, University of Leipzig
Auguste Rodin: Admirateur et collectionneur passionné de la sculpture médiévale. De la motivation de collectionner d'un artiste
6 Dagmar Preising A Neo-Gothic Carver's Collection of Gothic Sculptures
Dr. Dagmar Preising, Curator Suermondt – Ludwig - Museum Aachen
A Neo-Gothic Carver's Collection of Gothic Sculptures. Meaning and Function
Collecting Medieval Sculpture - Ards Study Day Paris
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www.ards.be
5 Miya Tokumitsu The Rise of a Sculpture Collecting Culture in Late Medieval ...
Dr. Miya Tokumitsu, University of Melbourne
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3 Marco M. Mascolo Medieval Sculpture at the Detroit Institute of Arts
Dr. Marco M. Mascolo, Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz-Max Planck Institut
Medieval Sculpture at the Detroit Institute of Arts: The Role of Wilhelm R. Valentiner between Expressionism and Connoisseurship
Collecting Medieval Sculpture - Ards Study Day Paris
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2 Michaela Zoschg "An exceedingly good carving"
Sir William Burrell collected medieval sculptures, stained glass, and tapestries from 1911 to 1957 that formed the Burrell Collection in Glasgow. He purchased pieces from dealers across Europe and documented his acquisitions in purchase books. Burrell also displayed parts of his collection at his home, Hutton Castle in Berwick-upon-Tweed, reconstructing rooms there with his medieval objects. The document highlights Burrell's collecting over decades and his display of selections of the collection at Hutton Castle.
Collecting Medieval Sculpture - Ards Study Day Paris
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1 Céline Brugeat Elginism or collecting
Dr. Céline Brugeat, TRACES (UMR 5608), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès
Elginism or collecting? Importer, collectionner, exposer l’architecture médiévale française aux Etats-Unis (XIX-XXIe siècle)
Céline Brugeat
Collecting Medieval Sculpture - Ards Study Day Paris
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Olga M. Hajduk - The Artist as an Entrepreneur in early modern Poland. Santi ...
Olga M. Hajduk - The Artist as an Entrepreneur in early modern Poland. Santi Gucci Fiorentino’s workshop
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Denise Borlee - About the Use of Models in Gothic Sculpture : a Drawing of Villard de Honnecourt for an Experimental Art History Test
Research and conservation of an early 16th century private altarpiece from th...
This document summarizes research on a 16th century private altarpiece from the M collection. It discusses the altarpiece's provenance, materials, and alterations over time. Experts have conducted analyses of the wood, glass, paper, and panels. Treatment included cleaning and conservation of these materials by specialists. Additional research included photogrammetry, X-ray imaging, and structural analysis to better understand the object's origins and history. The research was presented at a scholars' day event to share findings on the altarpiece.
M presents … a network, a knowledge centre, a website
M presents a network (Ards. Association for Research and Documentation on medieval and Renaissance Sculpture), a knowledge centre (Ards. Documentation centre and Library located at Museum M in Leuven), and an online platform (www.ards.be) with the following goals:
- Create an international network for medieval sculpture scholars
- Develop a centre for documentation and expertise on medieval sculpture
- Establish a website that brings together scholars, experts, and the public interested in medieval sculpture
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Lecture 10 | dra. Elizabeth Rice Mattison, University of Toronto The Heavenly...
Lecture 10 | dra. Elizabeth Rice Mattison, University of Toronto The Heavenly...
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Lecture 5 | dr. Andrew Murray, Associate Lecturer, The Open University UK Pro...
Lecture 7 | drs. Bart van Eekelen, Utrecht University Iconography and materi...
Lecture 7 | drs. Bart van Eekelen, Utrecht University Iconography and materi...
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Keynote | dr. Jessica Barker, Lecturer in Medieval Art, The Courtauld Institu...
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Lecture 4 | Raf Verstegen, Emeritus professor KU Leuven Made for liturgy and ...
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Lecture 2 | dra. Soetkin Vanhauwaert, KU Leuven and Assistant curator Art Col...
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Lecture 1 | dr. Gerald Volker Grimm, art historian and archaeologist Bonn Uni...
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Ards utrecht programme and yearly overview debaene_marjan_def
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6 Dagmar Preising A Neo-Gothic Carver's Collection of Gothic Sculptures
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5 Miya Tokumitsu The Rise of a Sculpture Collecting Culture in Late Medieval ...
3 Marco M. Mascolo Medieval Sculpture at the Detroit Institute of Arts
3 Marco M. Mascolo Medieval Sculpture at the Detroit Institute of Arts
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Olga M. Hajduk - The Artist as an Entrepreneur in early modern Poland. Santi ...
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一比一原版迪肯大学毕业证(DU毕业证书)学历如何办理
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
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1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Tanjore Painting: Rich Heritage and Intricate Craftsmanship | Cottage9
Explore the exquisite art of Tanjore Painting, known for its vibrant colors, gold foil work, and traditional themes. Discover its cultural significance today!
哪里购买(ucr毕业证书)美国加州大学河滨分校毕业证研究生文凭证书原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(ucr毕业证书)美国加州大学河滨分校毕业证研究生文凭证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
Mr. Brainwash ❤️ Beautiful Girl _ FRANK FLUEGEL GALERIE.pdf
Mr. Brainwash Beautiful Girl / Mixed Media / signed / Unique
Year: 2023
Format: 96,5 x 127 cm / 37.8 x 50 inch
Material: Fine Art Paper with hand-torn edges.
Method: Mixed Media, Stencil, Spray Paint.
Edition: Unique
Other: handsigned by Mr. Brainwash front and verso.
Beautiful Girl by Mr. Brainwash is a mixed media artwork on paper done in 2023. It is unique and of course signed by Mr. Brainwash. The picture is a tribute to his own most successful work of art, the Balloon Girl. In this new creation, however, the theme of the little girl is slightly modified.
In Mr. Brainwash’s mixed media artwork titled “Beautiful Girl,” we are presented with a captivating depiction of a little girl adorned in a summer dress, with two playful pigtails framing her face. The artwork exudes a sense of innocence and whimsy, as the girl is shown in a dreamy state, lifting one end of her skirt and looking down as if she were about to dance. Through the use of mixed media, Mr. Brainwash skillfully combines different artistic elements to create a visually striking composition. The vibrant colors and bold brushstrokes bring the artwork to life, evoking a sense of joy and happiness. The attention to detail in the girl’s expression and body language adds depth and character to the piece, allowing viewers to connect with the young protagonist on a personal and emotional level. “Beautiful Girl” is a testament to Mr. Brainwash’s unique artistic style, blending elements of street art, pop art, and contemporary art to create a visually captivating and emotionally resonant artwork.
The use of mixed media in “Beautiful Girl” adds an additional layer of complexity to the artwork. By combining different artistic techniques and materials, such as stencils, spray paint, and collage, Mr. Brainwash creates a dynamic and textured composition that grabs the viewer’s attention. The juxtaposition of different textures and patterns adds depth and visual interest to the piece, while also emphasizing the artist’s eclectic and experimental approach to art-making. The inclusion of collage elements, such as newspaper clippings and torn posters, further enhances the artwork’s urban and contemporary feel. Overall, “Beautiful Girl” is a visually captivating and thought-provoking artwork that showcases Mr. Brainwash’s talent for blending different artistic elements to create a truly unique and engaging piece.
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
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This is my presentation for the Record Store Scavenger Hunt.
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
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➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka KALYAN MATKA | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA TIPS | SATTA MATKA | MATKA.COM | MATKA PANA JODI TODAY | BATTA SATKA | MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER | MATKA RESULTS | MATKA CHART | MATKA JODI | SATTA COM | FULL RATE GAME | MATKA GAME | MATKA WAPKA | ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA RESULT | DPBOSS MATKA 143 | MAIN MATKA➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
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Meena Pittman
A Brief Introduction About Hanying Chen_
Vancouver-based artist Hanying Chen boasts extensive skills in writing, directing, producing, and singing, reflecting her diverse talents in the performing arts. As she looks ahead, Hanying is driven to craft a fulfilling career path that harmonizes with her deep passion for artistic expression. In the coming years, she envisions cultivating a balanced life, blending her professional aspirations with her desire to foster meaningful connections in her vibrant urban community.
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Determining the Bruges origin of some sculptures in the Gruuthusecollection: a possible Approach
- 1. Determining the Bruges origin of sculptures in the Gruuthusecollection: a possible approach Kristel Van Audenaeren
- 2. • The archeological Society of Bruges (SAB) started in 1865 • They were huge fans of the medieval times • Collection to preserve the past, to document the past, but also as an object of study
- 3. Seat of wisdom © KIKIRPA
- 4. Available sources Entries written in the registers of the SAB • Sometimes we know a bit of the provenance: a name, a religious order, a guild… • When the provenance concerns a guild, that gives us more clues, at least we know where to start • When the provenance concerns a religious order or…in some cases even a church • When the provenance concerns a person, a member of a noble family, that could be a lead • When the provenance concerns a person, but an antiquary, this would be a very difficult search • But…that’s about all we have and all we know for sure • Not all sculptures in the registers come with a provenance, then it’s nearly mission impossible…
- 5. Available sources Research & books Bruges origin? Destroyed sources - iconoclasm - French revolution - WWI and WWII Restoration
- 9. Saint-Michael, Sint-Jacobskerk Brugge, © KIKIRPA Saint-Michael, Gruuthuse
- 10. © Prado
- 19. Elien Vernackt
- 20. Elien Vernackt