This document summarizes a dissertation on multi-modal transportation hubs. The dissertation aims to study the need for and circulation involved in multi-modal transportation. The objectives are to study transitional areas, requirements, and circulation. The scope is on uses and passenger movement patterns. Due to time constraints, some aspects could not be studied in depth. Case studies of London, Hong Kong and Singapore multi-modal hubs are provided. Conventional transportation planning is compared to multi-modal planning, which considers connections between modes. Passenger requirements like transfer times and accessibility are also discussed.

1. DISSERTATION
ON
MULTI-MODAL
TRANSPORTATION
HUB
BY :- Piyush Kumar (11636 )
B.Arch 4TH Year
Guide :-
Ar. Amanjeet Kaur

2. Aim
To study the need and uses of multi- modal
transportation and the circulation involves in it .

3. Objective
 To study and understand the transitional area
at multi-modal.
 To determine the uses and requirement
associated with it.
 To study in detail the interchange of the multi-
modal and the circulation involves in it .
 To recommend design guidelines for
transitional area .

4. Scope
 Primary study focus on uses of multi-modal
transportation hub.
 The pattern of the movement of passenger in
multi - modal transportation .
 The study of transitional area at modal
interface is restricted to that of different modes
of surface transport only.

5. Limitation of the study
 Due to time constrain do not permit an in-
depth study of modal interface between Air &
water transport .
 Due to time constrain do not permit the study
of freight multi-modal transportation.
 Due to the complexity and scale of the
problem the detail study is not done .

6. Abstract
In our system for shortest paths from A to B
where we combine two types of networks: The
road network and the public transportation
network . The result is a multi-modal network. we
also minimize in combination with the number of
transfers walking between and to stations.
It turns out that the time dependent approach is
about four times faster in average when we only
use travel time and the number of transfers as
criteria costs.

7. Content
 Introduction
 Need for the study
 Methodology
 Definitions
 Components of a multimodal transport system
 Conventional Transportation Planning
 Multi-Modal Transportation Planning
 Passenger Requirement

8. Introduction
 Transportation has been identified not only as
a key sector in the economic development of a
country, but also a prime generator of its urban
form .
The main element in any modern
transportation system are the network , the
transportation system ,
the fixed facility and the passengers . Among
these the fixed facility or the terminal play a
pivotal role as the transport capacity of most
agency is controlled by the abitity of their facility
to process & handle the flow of passenger and

9. Need of study
The chaos that exists in most terminals today shows
a lack of understanding of the very complex
characteristics of interchange . There is a urgent
need to look into the design requirement of model
interchange to make them safe, convenient and
aesthetically pleasing.
Its is a fact that terminals due to a lack of
organisation & sensitive design consideration have
become one of the major problem of the
transportation industry today . It should be noted
that problem associated with terminals in general
get compounded where intra-model and multi-modal
interchanges takes place simultaneously .

10. Need of study
This entire area comprises of the built form of
the terminal plaza , the parking area and all
other surrounding open and semi open spaces .
It is simply not enough to put up a building in
isolation . This entire transitional area at the
modal interface need to be addressed by
designing and planning .

11. Methodology
Litrature study :-
 Characteristics of multi-modal in term of
purpose , time and distance.
1. Uses associated with interchange terminals.
2. Passenger amenity facility
3. Pedestrian and vehicular movement
4. Special requirement for the aged and
handicapped .
 Parking characteristics and user habit in a
interchange Terminal

12. Definitions
Multimodal :- When more than one mode is
involved, each mode provides “access” to the
next in a chain connect the term ‘multimodal’ is
used to represent the system with more than
one mode, and the term ‘intermodal’ to
represent the connection between any two of
these elements. ting an origin to a destination.

13.  Waiting :-This is defined as the duration
between the a user’s arrival to a transport
terminal and the actual entry into the vehicle
of the mode in question.
 In-vehicle travel :- This is the duration of time
on the vehicle.
 Transfer :- This is defined as the duration
between one getting out of the previous mode
and arriving at the entrance point of the
following mode.

14.  Modes of Transport :- The method of transport
used for the movement e.g. by rail, road, sea
or air.
 Means of Transport :- The vehicle used for
transport, e.g. ship, bus or aircraft.
 Unimodal Transport :- The transport by one
mode of transport only, where each agencies
issues his own transport .

15. Case study
 London
london’s overall public transport network is
characterised by a well-established rail network
complemented by an extensive bus network and a
ferry network. These networks are integrated by
multi-modal stations designed for ease of
interchange for high volumes of passengers. At
major stations, purpose built bus interchanges have
been developed to be within walking distance of the
railway and underground stations, often manned by
bus station staff and furbished with real time
information systems (e.g. Countdown – which shows
the number of minutes until the next bus is due to
arrive).

16. Case study
 Hong Kong
Hong Kong public transport services include
railways, trams, buses, minibuses, taxis and
ferries. This results in very high public transit
mode share (90%) and very low vehicle
ownership rates (50 vehicles per 1000
population). Hong Kong transport services are
provided by several operators.

17. Case study
 Singapore
Singapore is considered an international leader
in integrated multi-modal transport planning. It
established the world’s first area licensing and
electronic road pricing systems, and uses a
quota system to limit vehicle ownership. The
government makes continued investments in
transport infrastructure.

19. Conventional Transportation
Planning
 A transport planning process typically includes the following
steps:
 Monitor existing conditions.
 Forecast future population and employment growth, and
identify major growth corridors.
 Identify current and projected future transport problems and
needs, and various projects and strategies to address those
needs.
 Evaluate and prioritize potential improvement projects and
strategies.
 Develop long-range plans and short-range
 programs identifying specific capital projects and operational
strategies.
 Develop a financial plan for implementing the selected projects
and strategies.

20. Multi-Modal Transportation
Planning
 Multi-modal planning refers to planning that
considers various modes (walking, cycling
automobile, public transit, etc.) and
connections among modes.
1. Traffic impact studies evaluate traffic impacts
and mitigation strategies for a particular
development or project.
2. ocal transport planning develops municipal
and neighborhood transport plans.

21. 3. Regional transportation planning develops
plans for a metropolitan region.
4. Strategic transportation plans develop long-
range plans, typically 20-40 years into the
future
5. Corridor transportation plans identify projects
and programs to be implemented on a
specific corridor, such as along a particular
highway, bridge or route.
6. Mode- or area-specific transport plans
identify ways to improve a particular mode.

22. Passenger Requirement
 Minimum transfer time and distance between
modes by providing efficient circulation system
vertical movement facilities – Lift , escalators ,
ramps staircase etc.
 Horizontal movement facilitators conveyor belt ,
walkway moveable platform etc.
 Special care should be taken to enable easy
movement for the handicapped, aged, pregnant
etc.
 Comfort weather protection seating / resting
facilities , refreshment toilets , phone booth ,
adequate illumination etc.

23. REFERENCES &
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Florida Department of Transportation. Multimodal Transportation
Districts and Multimodal Area wide Quality of Service Handbook.
November 2003.
 Todd Litman (2012), Toward More Comprehensive and Multi-modal
Transport Evaluation, VTPI
 (www.vtpi.org); at www.vtpi.org/comp_evaluation.pdf.
 BCMoT (2008), 2008/09–2010/11 Service Plan, British Columbia
Ministry of Transportation
 (www.gov.bc.ca/tran); at
www.bcbudget.gov.bc.ca/Annual_Reports/2007_2008/trans/trans.pd
f.

24. THANK YOU