THIS POWER POINT PRESENTATION IS ABOUT DESIGNING AND USE OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS.THIS PRESENTATION IS NOT COVERING WHOLE DESIGNING PART BUT YOU CAN REFER IT BY USING LINK GIVEN IN SLIDE NUMBER 12.I AM GRATEFUL TO OTHER AUTHORS WHOSE PRESENTATIONS HAVE WORKED AS REFERENCE FOR THIS PRESENTATION. COMMENTS ARE ALWAYS WELCOMED.PLEASE FEEL FREE TO GIVE SUGGESTIONS IT HELPS ME TO IMPROVE MYSELF.THANK YOU

1. DESIGNING OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
• PREPARED BY:-
HET SHAH
16BME069

2. OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION
COMPONENTS
DESIGNING CONSIDERATIONS
APPLICATION
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

3. •Hydraulics is derived from the two Greek
word:
Hydro means water
Aulos means pipe

4. INTRODUCTION
• Pascal's law states that the "pressure applied to any part of a
confined fluid transmits to every other part with no loss. The pressure
acts with equal force on all equal areas of the confining walls and
perpendicular to the walls. This is the basic principle for
any hydraulic system.“
• Hydraulic system use incompressible fluids, such as oil or water, to
transmit forces from one location to another within the fluid.
Therefore pascal's law can be interpreted as saying that any change in
pressure applied at any given point of the fluid is transmitted
undiminished throughout the fluid.

5. INTRODUCTION
• Hydraulic systems are machinery and tools that use liquid fluid
power to do simple work. Heavy equipment is a common example.
• In this type of system, hydraulic fluid is transmitted throughout the
system to various hydraulic motors and hydraulic cylinders and
becomes pressurised according to the resistance present. The fluid is
controlled directly or automatically by control valves and distributed
through hoses and tubes.
• The popularity of hydraulic machinery is due to the very large amount
of power that can be transferred through small tubes and flexible
hoses, and the high power density and wide array of actuators that
can make use of this power.
• Hydraulic machinery is operated by the use of hydraulics, where a
liquid is the powering medium.

6. COMPONENTS
The basic components that make up a hydraulic system are as follow:
 Reservoir
 Filter
 Hydraulic pump
 Valves
 Motor
 Hose
 Filter
 Cylinder

7. COMPONENTS

8. DESIGNING OF HYDRAULIC
SYSTEM
following are the principles on which any hydraulic system is working:
1. liquid have no shape of their own and flow to acquire the shape of their container.
2. Liquids can be considered incompressible at pressures used in hydraulic systems.
3. Liquids transmit pressure equally in all directions.
4. The flow rate of oil from a non-positive pump depends on the speed of the pump
and on the system pressure.
5. The flow rate of oil from a positive displacement pump varies proportionally with
pump speed but is virtually independent of system pressure.
6. Any flow of liquid through a pipe or orifice is accompanied b reduction in liquid
pressure.

9. DESIGN CONSIDERATION
Safety of operation:
 Pressure and Temperature ratings
 Interlocks for sequential operations
 Emergency shutdown features
 Power failure locks
 Operation speed
 Environment conditions

10. DESIGN CONSIDERATION
Meet functional requirements:
 Meet required performance specification
 Life expectancy same as machine
 Facilitate good maintenance practice
 Compability with electrical and mechanical components
 Withstand operational hazards

11. DESIGN CONSIDERATION
Efficiency of operation:
 Keep system simple, safe and functional
 Access to parts need repair or adjustment
 Design to keep minimum operational cost
 Design to prevent and remove contamination

12. DESIGN CONSIDERATION
• For designing all components there are some pre-defined standards to be
considered for smooth working and safety purpose of hydraulic s
• Following is the link of the pdf of ASTM standards for designing of hydraulic
system:-
https://www.astm.org/Standards/A822.htm
• Following is the link of the handbook for designing of hydraulic system:-
http://www.gshydro.com/sites/default/files/attachments/Global/Publicati
ons/gs-hydro_hydraulic_piping_standard_handbook_revision_1.pdf

13. Primary Hydraulic Systems
• Open-Center Systems:
Oil is pumped constantly, excess oil is returned to the reservoir.
• Closed-Center Systems:
Oil is pumped on demand, control valve stops oil flow.

14. OPEN-CENTER SYSTEMS
• Simplistic
• Inexpensive
• Ineffective with Multiple Applications
• Variations of Open-Center Systems:
 Open-Center with a Series Connection
 Open-Center with a Series Parallel Connection
 Open-Center with a Flow Divider

16. CLOSED-CENTER SYSTEMS
• No Relief Valves Needed
• Application can be tailored by restricting flow
• Specialized functions have more support
• Multiple functions can be used at the same time
• Variations of Closed-Center Systems:
 Closed-Center with Fixed Displacement Pump and Accumulator
 Closed-Center with Variable Displacement Pump

18. APPLICATIONS
• The hydraulic system are mainly used for precise control of larger forces. The main
application of hydraulic system can be classified in five categories:
1. Industrial: plastic processing machineries ,steel making and primary metal
extraction applications, automated production lines, machine tool industries,
paper industries , loaders, crushers , textile machineries , R&D equipment and
robotic system etc. .
2. Mobile hydraulics: tractor , irrigation system, earthmoving equipment , material
handling equipment , commercial vehicles , tunnel boring equipment , rail
equipment , building and construction machineries and drilling rigs etc. .
3. Automobiles: it is used in the system like breaks shock absorbers , steering system,
wind shield , lift and cleaning etc. .
4. Marine applications: it mostly covers ocean going vessels , fishing boats and navel
equipment.
5. Aerospace equipment: there are equipment and system used for rudder control ,
landing gear, breaks , flight control and transmission etc. which are used in
airplanes , rockets and spaceships.

22. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES
• Flexibility
• Multiplication of Force
• Simplicity
• Compact
• Economic
• Safety
DISADVANTAGES
• Efficiency
• Cleanliness