Web design and development involves two main components - web design and web development. Web design focuses on the aesthetic of a website, including color schemes, navigation bars, and ensuring all content has prominent titles. Web development is the process of coding a website using programming languages like CSS, HTML, and JavaScript to create the intended design. When developing websites, it is important to decide the focus, make sure content is easy to understand, ensure the website is easy to navigate, determine the desired outcome from users, and make the website accessible on different devices.