Dermoid cysts are cysts lined with skin and deep tissues that can be congenital or acquired. Congenital dermoid cysts include sequestration dermoid cysts which present as painless swellings in young adults, and teratomatous dermoid cysts which can occur in ovaries, testes, and other locations. Acquired implantation dermoid cysts develop due to minor skin trauma and present as painless, slowly growing swellings commonly on fingers, toes, or feet. Dermoid cysts are diagnosed with imaging tests and treated by complete surgical excision to prevent complications like infection, hemorrhage, or pressure effects on nearby structures.

2. Dermoid cyst
By
Momen Ali Khan

3. Definition
It is a cyst lined by skin and deep to skin

4. Classification
Congenital
Sequestration dermoid
Tubolodermoid- thyroglossal cyst, anal dermoid
Teratomatous dermoid
Acquired
Implantation dermoid

5. Composition
Composition of dermoid cyst- opaque mixture of
Epithelial debris
Sweat
Sebum
Hair follicle

6. Sequestration dermoid
Clinical feature
Painless swelling arise in second or third decade of
life.
Example
Dermoid cyst on centre of forehead
Dermoid cyst on roof of nose
Post auricular dermoid
Dermoid cyst on lateral angle of eyeball

7. Implantation dermoid
Due to minor trauma or prick ,skin implant into deep causes
dermoid cyst.
Clinical feature
Painless slowly progressive swelling
Common site
Finger
Toe
Foot

8. Teratomatous dermoid
„In ovary: dermoid cyst
„Testis: teratoma
„Mediastinum: mediastinal cyst
„Retroperitoneum: retroperitoneal cyst
„Postanal dermoid

9. Differential Diagnosis
Sebaceous cyst
Lipoma
Fibroma
Neurofibroma

10. Investigation
X-ray of part both AP and lateral view
CT scan of brain if dermoid in skull
ECG
RBS

11. Treatment
Simple excision under local anesthesia
General anesthesia require in some case

12. Complication
Complications of dermoid cyst-
„Infection
Hemorrhage
„Pressure effect on adjacent structure
„Calcification
„Rupture and surface ulceration