This document discusses evaluating human resource development (HRD) programs. It defines effectiveness as the degree to which a training program achieves its intended purpose. Evaluation is important to determine if the right people are being trained on the right content in the right way. Several frameworks for evaluation are discussed, including Kirkpatrick's four levels of reaction, learning, behavior, and results. Data collection methods that can be used include interviews, questionnaires, observation, tests, and performance assessments. Research design and addressing ethical concerns are also important aspects of effective program evaluation.
This document discusses evaluating human resource development (HRD) programs. It defines effectiveness as the degree to which a training program achieves its intended purpose. Evaluation is important to determine if the right people are being trained on the right content in the right way. Several frameworks for evaluation are discussed, including Kirkpatrick's four levels of reaction, learning, behavior, and results. Data collection methods that can be used include interviews, questionnaires, observation, tests, and performance assessments. Research design and addressing ethical concerns are also important aspects of effective program evaluation.
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Pengalaman belajar yang mengintegrasikan penguasaan substansi bidang studi khususnya pengertian, tujuan, landasan dan pendekatan PKn serta berbagai substansiyang berkaitan dengan hak dan kewajiban warga negara, PPBN, Demokrasi, HAM, disamping itu disajikan pula wawasan nusantara,ketahanan nasional serta politik dan strategi nasional. Hal tersebut diwujudkan dalam bentuk mengkaji, berlatih yang memberi kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk melakukan eksplorasi, berdiskusi membiasakan diri secara individual dan kelompok.
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This document provides information on unconventional fixed partial dentures. It discusses resin bonded fixed partial dentures, including definitions, advantages, disadvantages, indications, contraindications and different types. It describes procedures for tooth preparation and fabrication of resin bonded FPD frameworks. Different techniques for resin to metal bonding are also summarized, including electrolytic etching, chemical etching and macroscopic retention methods.
This document discusses provisional restorations, including their importance, requirements, materials used, and how material properties influence treatment outcomes. Provisional restorations act as a temporary restoration while a final restoration is fabricated and must adequately protect the tooth, maintain function and esthetics. Common materials used are acrylics and resin composites, with various advantages and disadvantages to each. Material properties like marginal accuracy, strength and durability are important to provisional success and patient health.
Melalui MK ini mhs diharapkan mampu menguasai substansi bidang studi pendidikan kewarganegaraan
Pengalaman belajar yang mengintegrasikan penguasaan substansi bidang studi khususnya pengertian, tujuan, landasan dan pendekatan PKn serta berbagai substansiyang berkaitan dengan hak dan kewajiban warga negara, PPBN, Demokrasi, HAM, disamping itu disajikan pula wawasan nusantara,ketahanan nasional serta politik dan strategi nasional. Hal tersebut diwujudkan dalam bentuk mengkaji, berlatih yang memberi kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk melakukan eksplorasi, berdiskusi membiasakan diri secara individual dan kelompok.
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This document provides information on unconventional fixed partial dentures. It discusses resin bonded fixed partial dentures, including definitions, advantages, disadvantages, indications, contraindications and different types. It describes procedures for tooth preparation and fabrication of resin bonded FPD frameworks. Different techniques for resin to metal bonding are also summarized, including electrolytic etching, chemical etching and macroscopic retention methods.
This document discusses provisional restorations, including their importance, requirements, materials used, and how material properties influence treatment outcomes. Provisional restorations act as a temporary restoration while a final restoration is fabricated and must adequately protect the tooth, maintain function and esthetics. Common materials used are acrylics and resin composites, with various advantages and disadvantages to each. Material properties like marginal accuracy, strength and durability are important to provisional success and patient health.
The document discusses the etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). It covers the history and terminology of TMDs and various theories that have been proposed to explain their etiology, including the mechanical displacement theory, trauma theory, biomedical theory, osteoarthritic theory, muscle theory, neuromuscular theory, psychophysiological theory, multifactorial theory, and biopsychosocial model. It also discusses predisposing factors, initiating factors, perpetuating factors, and contributing factors to TMDs. Specific etiologic considerations covered include occlusal factors, trauma, emotional stress, deep pain input, and parafunctional habits.
The document discusses various theories regarding the etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). It covers early theories that emphasized occlusal factors or trauma, as well as more modern theories that consider TMDs to have a multifactorial etiology influenced by predisposing, initiating, and perpetuating factors. These factors include occlusal condition, trauma, emotional stress, deep pain input, and parafunctional habits. The document also discusses how functional and parafunctional muscle activities can be affected by the occlusal condition.
This document discusses phonetics as they relate to complete dentures. It begins with definitions of speech and phonetics. The history of considerations of phonetics in denture design is reviewed. The normal mechanisms of speech production are described, including the motor, vibrator, resonator, enunciators, and initiator components. Speech sounds are classified and various consonants are discussed in terms of their place and manner of production. The document focuses on considerations for 's', 't', 'd', 'n', 'l', and 'th' sounds and implications for denture design.
This document discusses articulators, which are mechanical devices used to simulate jaw movement. It begins by defining articulators and describing basic mandibular movements. It then discusses the basic components and classifications of articulators, including classifications based on adjustability and the location of condylar elements. Common articulators are described, including the Hanau articulator and mean value articulator. The relationship between the maxilla and mandible is transferred from patient to articulator using records like the facebow transfer and centric jaw relation record.
This document provides information on unconventional fixed partial dentures. It discusses resin bonded fixed partial dentures, including definitions, advantages, disadvantages, indications, contraindications and different types. It describes procedures for tooth preparation and fabrication of resin bonded FPD frameworks. Different designs are covered, including Rochette, Maryland and Virginia bridges. Methods for resin bonding to metal, such as electrolytic etching and macroscopic retention techniques, are also summarized.
This document discusses common failures in removable partial dentures (RPDs). It is outlined in sections corresponding to different stages of RPD fabrication: diagnosis and treatment planning, mouth preparation, framework design, laboratory procedures, denture base support, occlusion, and patient-dentist relationship. Specific errors are described for each stage, such as improper diagnosis, guide plane preparations, framework design transfer, casting defects, and packing of acrylic resin. Solutions are provided for many of the errors, such as using diagnostic casts and surveys for treatment planning, ensuring relief wax thickness is adequate, and allowing flask packings to fully cool before deflasking. The document emphasizes the importance of each step of RPD fabrication for producing successful prostheses.
This document discusses phonetics as they relate to complete dentures. It begins with definitions of speech and phonetics. The history of considerations of phonetics in denture design is reviewed. The normal mechanisms of speech production are described, including the motor, vibrator, resonator, enunciators, and initiator components. Speech sounds are classified and various consonant groups are defined based on their place and manner of articulation. The document discusses the prosthodontic implications of different speech sounds and examines how denture design can affect speech. Tests for evaluating speech and potential speech defects are also mentioned.
Acrylics are a family of transparent plastics that include polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). PMMA was first synthesized in 1877 and commercialized in the 1930s for uses like aircraft canopies. It is produced through radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate. PMMA has good clarity, weatherability, and scratch resistance but limited chemical resistance. It finds wide use in glazing, lighting, medical devices, and coatings. Other acrylics include polyacrylamide, used as a flocculant and soil conditioner, and sodium polyacrylate, a super absorbent polymer used in diapers and water-retention products.
2. principles of designing rpd with special emphsis on support and periodr zarir ruttonji
This document provides an overview of principles of removable partial dentures, with a focus on supporting remaining teeth. It discusses indications for RPDs, principles of design, stress considerations, forces acting on partial dentures including levers and fulcrums. It covers biomechanical considerations of individual components like rests, major/minor connectors, direct retainers, and indirect retainers. Clasp designs are discussed as well as strategic clasp positioning to control stresses. The document emphasizes supporting remaining teeth and distributing stresses across components of the partial denture.
This document discusses the different types and functions of minor connectors used in dentures. Minor connectors connect denture teeth to the major connector and provide unification, rigidity, stress distribution, and guidance during insertion. The main types discussed are embrasure minor connectors, which fit between two adjacent teeth, and gridwork minor connectors, which connect multiple teeth and spaces to the major connector. Gridwork comes in mesh or lattice designs and requires relief wax to be placed underneath to allow for acrylic retention. Proper design and placement of minor connectors is important for denture strength and function.
The document discusses centric relation in prosthodontics. It defines centric relation according to GPT-1 and GPT-8 standards. It describes various theories of centric relation including muscle theory, ligament theory, osteofibre theory, and meniscus theory. The document outlines techniques for recording centric relation including the physiological method, graphic method, and functional method. It discusses indications, contraindications, and limitations of different centric relation recording techniques.
The document discusses various materials used in maxillofacial prosthetics. It describes ideal materials as being biocompatible, flexible, colorable, chemically stable, easy to process, and strong. Room temperature vulcanizing materials and modeling materials like clay, plaster, and wax are introduced. The fabrication phase uses extraoral materials like acrylics, vinyl polymers, and elastomers like polyurethane and silicone, which are considered most desirable due to their strength. High temperature vulcanizing silicone provides good strength and detail but requires specialized equipment for processing.
The document discusses various aspects of recording jaw relations and establishing occlusion for removable partial dentures. It covers topics such as determining vertical dimension, recording horizontal jaw relations in centric relation and centric occlusion, methods for establishing the occlusal relationship like direct apposition of casts or using occlusion rims, selection and arrangement of prosthetic teeth, and establishing an occlusal scheme based on the number and position of remaining natural teeth. The goal is to create a harmonious occlusion that provides an efficient and comfortable masticatory mechanism for the patient.
Essentials of clinical periodontology and periodonticsDr.Jaffar Raza BDS
This document provides information about a DVD on clinical periodontology and periodontics. It lists the system requirements to play the DVD, including needing Windows XP or above and Power DVD or Windows Media Player software. It notes that the accompanying DVD is only playable on a computer, not a standalone DVD player. It instructs users to wait for the DVD to automatically run or to manually open the DVD file if it does not auto-run. The document also provides information about the author and publisher of the accompanying book and DVD.
This document summarizes recent advances in implant dentistry. It discusses advances in diagnostic imaging techniques like cone beam CT that provide high quality images with lower radiation. It also discusses advances in implant materials, coatings, and surface modifications like hydroxyapatite that promote faster osseointegration. Surgical techniques have advanced as well, with concepts like all-on-4 that allow for full arch reconstruction in one day. Overall the document outlines the major technological developments that have improved outcomes for dental implant patients.
The document discusses various concepts of occlusion for fixed partial dentures, including bilaterally balanced occlusion, unilaterally balanced occlusion, and mutually protected occlusion. Bilaterally balanced occlusion aims for simultaneous contact on both sides but is difficult to achieve, while unilaterally balanced occlusion distributes forces to multiple teeth on the working side only. Mutually protected occlusion relies on anterior guidance to prevent posterior contact during excursive movements. The concepts vary in their distribution of forces and indications depending on a patient's needs.
This document discusses articulators, which are mechanical devices that simulate jaw movement. It covers the purposes, uses, requirements, advantages, limitations, and classifications of articulators. Articulators are used to mount dental casts and simulate jaw motions like opening and closing in order to diagnose occlusion, plan treatments, fabricate dental restorations, and arrange artificial teeth. They must accurately maintain the spatial relationship of dental casts and allow for various jaw motions and records. The document classifies articulators based on their function, the theories of occlusion they are based on, the records they can accept, and their degree of adjustability.
Glass ionomer cement is a tooth-colored dental restorative material introduced in 1972. It bonds chemically to tooth structure and releases fluoride for a long period. It sets via an acid-base reaction between glass powder and polyacrylic acid liquid. Glass ionomer cement has properties like adhesion to tooth structure, anticariogenic activity due to fluoride release, and biocompatibility. However, its strength and esthetics are inferior to dental composites. Modifications to glass ionomer cement include resin-modified and metal-modified varieties to improve strength. The sandwich technique combines the benefits of glass ionomer cement with those of composite resin.
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on heating and cooling “JPD May 71: 511-6
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casting shrinkage”JPD Feb 75: 211-6
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