The document discusses the terms denotation and connotation as they relate to interpreting media texts. Denotation refers to the literal or straightforward meaning of an image or sign. Connotation refers to any additional meanings or interpretations associated with an image beyond its denotation, which can vary between individuals and cultures. The document provides examples of how images of a rose, apple, and lamb can have different connotations relating to themes like love, politics, health, religion, and place.