The document discusses demography, the scientific study of human populations, covering aspects such as population size, composition, distribution, and how these affect health service planning. It details demographic processes including fertility, mortality, marriage, migration, and social mobility, along with methods for data collection like surveys and censuses. The 2011 Census of India is highlighted as a significant event, marking the preparation of the National Population Register, with the next census postponed to after 2024.

1. Demography
Presented By –
Anushree Bhunia
Asst. Prof

2. Demography
• Demography is the ”scientific study
of human population in which
includes study of changes in
population size ,composition and its
distribution”

3. ..
• “Demo” means “the people” and
“graphy” means “measurement”.
• (Demos = population,
• Graphy = picture)

4. Importance of Demographic data
 Health status of a community depends upon
the dynamic relationship between number of
people, their composition & distribution.
 Planning of health services can be guided by
demographic variables,
Example:
How many health units do we need?
How to distribute them in the community in
order to be accessible to the target population?

5. The elements of demography
Size: increase or decrease
Composition: sex and age group
Distribution: territory

6. Source of demography
• POPULATION CENSUSES
• NATIONAL SAMPLE
• SURVEYS REGISTRATION
• VITAL EVENTS

7. Biggest source of data on
 Demography
 Economic Activity
 Literacy & Education
 Housing & Household
 Urbanization
 Fertility and Mortality
 Scheduled Castes and
Scheduled Tribes
 Language, Religion & Migration

8. DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSE
• It deals with the five demographic
processes
• FERTILITY
• MORTALITY
• MARRIAGE
• MIGRATION
• SOCIAL MORBILITY

9. DEMOGRAPHIC CYCLE(STAGE)
• High stationary (first stage ): this stage is
characterized by a high birth rate and high
death rate ,no any change in size and
population .Indian was in this stage till 1920.
• Early expending (second stage ): the death
rate begins to decline (starts decreasing )and
birth rate no change . initial increase in
population

10. .
• Late expanding (third stage): the birth rate
begins to decline while the death rate still
decreases . continue increase in population
• Low stationary (fourth stage ) :
This stage is characterized by a low birth rate &
low death rate .stability in population .
Declining (fifth stage ):in the declining stage
birth rate is lower then the death rate .fall in
population

11. METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION
• Primary data collection :collection is
done by the individual by using the
methods such as :
• Observation
• Interviews
• Questionnaires
• Diaries

12. ..
• Secondary data collection :
• census
• National survey
• Registration of vital events
• Demographic studies
• Records

13. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
• Data is collection directly or indirectly
from population . The data collected
directed from individuals by face to face
survey .
• Data collected during census.
• Data related to health from an
individual.
• Data related to illness from an
individual.

14. .
• The data which is collected from outside
the source such as records .
• Data taken from hospital records
• Data taken from census
• The data collected need to be arranged
in table ,charts ,diagrams, graphs picture

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Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
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18. 58%
23%
Sales
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
9%
10%

19. 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Category 1
Category 2
Category 3
Category 4
Series 1
Series 2
Series 3

20. Census of India 2011
• In 1872 the first Census
was held in India.
• The Census of India 2011 will be the 15th
Census and the 7th after Independence.
• Next census was to be held in 2021 but its
postponed.
• The next census will be held after 2024.

21. • Census 2011 will mark a milestone as
the National Population Register (NPR)
will also be prepared.
• 1st Phase:
HOUSELISTING & HOUSING CENSUS
AND COLLECTION OF DATA ON
NATIONAL POPULATION REGISTER
•
April to September 2010

22. Items of Information: House listing
and Housing Census
• Information relating to Buildings- Use,
Quantity and Quality
• available to the Households
• Assets possessed by the Households
• Use of Houses, Drinking water, Availability and
type of latrines, Electricity